Conservation Letters最新文献

{"title":"The Value of Small Reserves for Small Animals Illustrated With a New Species of Flightless Grasshopper","authors":"Kimberley Kaufmann,&nbsp;Matthew G. Connors,&nbsp;Owen J. Holland,&nbsp;Jackson B. Linde,&nbsp;Hojun Song,&nbsp;Ary A. Hoffmann,&nbsp;Michael R. Kearney","doi":"10.1111/con4.70079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Habitat degradation drives animal extinction, but similar patterns of habitat loss and fragmentation may have very different conservation and management outcomes for different taxonomic groups. Here, we demonstrate that a new species of flightless grasshopper maintains viable populations in small native vegetation remnants (10−100 ha) in the dramatically modified agricultural landscape of south-eastern Australia. Phylogenomic and morphological analyses delineate <i>Keyacris bungunnia</i> Connors <b>sp. nov</b>., the Murray Mallee Matchstick, as a distinct species, and extensive field surveys reveal it is restricted to remnant habitats of high agricultural value. Population genomic analyses show strong geographic structure and no evidence of strong inbreeding, even in small fragments. Based on species distribution modeling and vegetation community classification analyses, we estimate that the species’ range has contracted by 50.3% in the past 200 years. This species illustrates how small remnants are valuable for the conservation of such invertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Mobile Seabirds Reveal Areas of Conservation Importance Across the Atlantic Ocean","authors":"Marie-Morgane Rouyer,&nbsp;Ana S. L. Rodrigues,&nbsp;Tammy E. Davies,&nbsp;Bethany L. Clark,&nbsp;Elizabeth J. Pearmain,&nbsp;Nina Bhola,&nbsp;Ana P. B. Carneiro,&nbsp;Jacob González-Solís,&nbsp;João L. Guilherme,&nbsp;Aida Abdennadher,&nbsp;Isabel Afán,&nbsp;Jose A. Alves,&nbsp;Tycho Anker-Nilssen,&nbsp;José Manuel Arcos,&nbsp;Kelly M. Atkins,&nbsp;Marie Auger-Méthé,&nbsp;Mark Baran,&nbsp;Nadito Jesus Pina Barbosa,&nbsp;Alastair Baylis,&nbsp;Stuart Bearhop,&nbsp;Ashley Bennison,&nbsp;Alice Bernard,&nbsp;Philip Bertrand,&nbsp;Manuel Biscoito,&nbsp;Thomas W. Bodey,&nbsp;Maria I. Bogdanova,&nbsp;Loïc Bollache,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Bonnet-Lebrun,&nbsp;Thierry Boulinier,&nbsp;Vegard Sandøy Bråthen,&nbsp;Joël Bried,&nbsp;Leandro Bugoni,&nbsp;Letizia Campioni,&nbsp;Paulo Catry,&nbsp;Jacopo G. Cecere,&nbsp;Filipe Rafael Ceia,&nbsp;Olivier Chastel,&nbsp;Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard,&nbsp;Marco Cianchetti-Benedetti,&nbsp;Thomas A. Clay,&nbsp;Ian Robert Cleasby,&nbsp;Sydney Morgan Collins,&nbsp;Nicolas Courbin,&nbsp;Jóhannis Danielsen,&nbsp;Francis Daunt,&nbsp;Herculano De Andrade Dinis,&nbsp;Federico De Pascalis,&nbsp;Nina Dehnhard,&nbsp;Giacomo Dell'Omo,&nbsp;Sébastien Descamps,&nbsp;Antony W. Diamond,&nbsp;Ben J. Dilley,&nbsp;Ewan William James Edwards,&nbsp;Carsten Egevang,&nbsp;Kyle H. Elliott,&nbsp;Kjell Einar Erikstad,&nbsp;Alexey Ezhov,&nbsp;Ana Isabel Fagundes,&nbsp;Annette L. Fayet,&nbsp;David A. Fifield,&nbsp;Ruben Fijn,&nbsp;Manuela G. Forero,&nbsp;Jérôme Fort,&nbsp;Morten Frederiksen,&nbsp;Robert W. Furness,&nbsp;Giorgia Gaibani,&nbsp;Stefan Garthe,&nbsp;Maria Gavrilo,&nbsp;H. Grant Gilchrist,&nbsp;Olivier Gilg,&nbsp;Carina Gjerdrum,&nbsp;José P. Granadeiro,&nbsp;W. James Grecian,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Green,&nbsp;David Grémillet,&nbsp;Tim Guilford,&nbsp;Keith C. Hamer,&nbsp;Erpur Snær Hansen,&nbsp;Sveinn Are Hanssen,&nbsp;Stephanie M. Harris,&nbsp;Autumn-Lynn Harrison,&nbsp;April Hedd,&nbsp;Marcos Hernández-Montero,&nbsp;Nicholas P. Huffeldt,&nbsp;Simona Imperio,&nbsp;Dariusz Jakubas,&nbsp;Ruth Jeavons,&nbsp;Mark Jessopp,&nbsp;Patrick G. R. Jodice,&nbsp;Kasper Lambert Johansen,&nbsp;Georgios Karris,&nbsp;Yann Kolbeinsson,&nbsp;Stephen W. Kress,&nbsp;Lucas Krüger,&nbsp;Ulrike Kubetzki,&nbsp;Jude V. Lane,&nbsp;Johannes Lang,&nbsp;Jannie Fries Linnebjerg,&nbsp;Svein-Håkon Lorentsen,&nbsp;Donald E. Lyons,&nbsp;Mark Maftei,&nbsp;Maria Magalhães,&nbsp;Heather L. Major,&nbsp;Mark Mallory,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Masden,&nbsp;Juan F. Masello,&nbsp;Laura McFarlane Tranquilla,&nbsp;Flemming Ravn Merkel,&nbsp;Teresa Militão,&nbsp;Børge Moe,&nbsp;Anders Mosbech,&nbsp;Joan Navarro,&nbsp;Leia Navarro-Herrero,&nbsp;Verónica Costa Neves,&nbsp;Mark A. Newell,&nbsp;Stephen Francis Newton,&nbsp;Bergur Olsen,&nbsp;Steffen Oppel,&nbsp;Daniel Oro,&nbsp;Oliver Padget,&nbsp;Vítor Hugo Paiva,&nbsp;Allison Patterson,&nbsp;Jorge Miguel Pereira,&nbsp;Aevar Petersen,&nbsp;Maria Virginia Petry,&nbsp;Richard A. Phillips,&nbsp;Admilton Pina,&nbsp;Ingrid L. Pollet,&nbsp;Christopher John Pollock,&nbsp;Aurore Ponchon,&nbsp;Ben James Porter,&nbsp;Petra Quillfeldt,&nbsp;John L. Quinn,&nbsp;Flavio Quintana,&nbsp;Jean-François Rail,&nbsp;André Francis Raine,&nbsp;Iván Ramírez,&nbsp;Raül Ramos,&nbsp;Jaime A. Ramos,&nbsp;Chris P. F. Redfern,&nbsp;Tone Kristin Reiertsen,&nbsp;Gregory J. Robertson,&nbsp;Robert A. Ronconi,&nbsp;Diego Rubolini,&nbsp;Sarah Saldanha,&nbsp;Ángel Sallent,&nbsp;Mariona Sardà-Serra,&nbsp;Niels Martin Schmidt,&nbsp;Andy Schofield,&nbsp;Judy Shamoun-Baranes,&nbsp;Dave Shutler,&nbsp;Ingvar Atli Sigurðsson,&nbsp;Mónica C. Silva,&nbsp;Iain J. Stenhouse,&nbsp;Hallvard Strøm,&nbsp;Mike Swindells,&nbsp;Stephanie C. Symons,&nbsp;Geir Helge Rødli Systad,&nbsp;Chris B. Thaxter,&nbsp;Paul M. Thompson,&nbsp;Thorkell Lindberg Thórarinsson,&nbsp;Alice M. Trevail,&nbsp;Rob S. A. van Bemmelen,&nbsp;Diego Vicente-Sastre,&nbsp;Stephen Votier,&nbsp;Ewan D. Wakefield,&nbsp;Sarah Wanless,&nbsp;Ross M Wanless,&nbsp;Saskia Wischnewski,&nbsp;Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas,&nbsp;Joanna B. Wong,&nbsp;Lucy Joanna Wright,&nbsp;José C. Xavier,&nbsp;Stavros M. Xirouchakis,&nbsp;Marco Zenatello,&nbsp;Francis Zino,&nbsp;Maria P. Dias","doi":"10.1111/con4.70075","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Countries have committed to expanding the marine protected area (MPA) network to 30% of the world's ocean by 2030, more than tripling current coverage, and focusing on areas important for biodiversity. For such expansion to translate into effective conservation of marine biodiversity, it must rely on the best available knowledge. Here, we analyze tracking data on &gt; 13,000 individuals (44 species, eight families) to map the distribution of highly mobile seabirds in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas throughout the year. We identify regions important year-round or seasonally. The High Seas are as important as national waters for highly mobile seabirds but are even less protected. Current Atlantic MPAs hold &lt; 14% of tracked species density, but their expansion to 30% of the ocean could protect up to two thirds. We share this new knowledge layer to support national and international efforts and policies to strategically expand the Atlantic MPA network.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Ecosystem-Based Regulation of Non-Native Invasive Species in China","authors":"Jingrui Sun,&nbsp;Phillip J. Haubrock,&nbsp;Ali Serhan Tarkan,&nbsp;Erik Jeppesen,&nbsp;Hugh J. MacIsaac,&nbsp;Shams M. Galib,&nbsp;Julian D. Olden","doi":"10.1111/con4.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biological invasions are a leading contributor to the global biodiversity crisis, yet existing regulatory frameworks are challenged by definitions of “non-native” species that are based on administrative rather than ecological boundaries. This perspective highlights the critical disconnect between administrative jurisdictions and biogeographic units, focusing on China's biosecurity laws and examining China's current biosecurity framework by contrasting it with ecosystem-based legal definitions used elsewhere. These laws, centered on national borders, render the country vulnerable to “domestic” invasions, some of which may have pronounced ecological or economic consequences. Drawing on examples of intra-country species introductions and infrastructure-mediated spread, we encourage China to recalibrate its legal definition of a species and transition from a “territory-based” to an “ecosystem-based” model, under which human-mediated intra-country translocations of species across ecosystems or other biogeographical units are considered non-native introductions rather than treated as intra-country movement of native species. We further derive specific recommendations for legal revision, risk assessment, inter-ecosystem infrastructure management, and stricter regulation of intra-country species translocations to better safeguard ecosystem integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148958007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Trophy Hunting for People and Nature in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Hayley S. Clements,&nbsp;Alex Chidakel,&nbsp;Menelisi Falayi,&nbsp;Dian Spear,&nbsp;Enrico Di Minin","doi":"10.1111/con4.70080","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trophy hunting is one of the most contested conservation activities. There is mounting pressure in the Global North for policy changes that would dramatically curtail the activity across Africa. We synthesized research from 89 peer-reviewed papers that assessed the impact of trophy hunting on nature and local people across 13 sub-Saharan African countries. Almost two-thirds of hunting outcomes were positive, 26% were negative, and 9% were ambiguous. Conservation outcomes for hunted species abundance were more often positive than negative, while impacts on species demographics and vital rates were more variable. Looking beyond hunted species to their habitats, hunting predominantly increased the extent of land conserved. We now need to understand the ecological integrity of these landscapes. Human well-being outcomes were predominantly positive for income, employment, and food security, while non-economic dimensions of well-being were insufficiently studied. Importantly, outcomes were more often positive where land and wildlife use rights, responsibilities and benefits accrued to local landholders or communities. While we cannot assume causality, these insights are aligned with theory that devolving wildlife use rights and revenue control to local people promotes equitable conservation. Policymakers should consider the variation in hunting outcomes across contexts, rather than defaulting to blanket trophy hunting bans.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Costs of Waiting to Restore Ecosystem Engineers: The Case of Giant Tortoises in the Galápagos Islands","authors":"Max D. Jones,&nbsp;Washington Tapia Aguilera,&nbsp;Jorge Carrión-Tacuri,&nbsp;Christian Sevilla,&nbsp;James P. Gibbs,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Hunter","doi":"10.1111/con4.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the Galápagos Islands, giant tortoises (<i>Chelonoidis</i> spp.) engineer terrestrial ecosystems. Endemic tortoise lineages have been lost from Floreana and Pinta Islands, resulting in ecosystem shifts, with tortoise population restoration currently being considered using hybrids that include ancestry from the now extinct <i>C. niger</i> of Floreana Island. We combined long-term vegetation monitoring with simulation of vegetation responses to tortoises, and tortoise translocation scenarios to assess whether using <i>C. niger</i> hybrids as ecological replacements on Pinta Island could restore ecosystem function without compromising restoration on Floreana Island. Woody plants have increased by &gt;100% on Pinta Island between 2011 and 2022 in the absence of ecologically effective numbers of tortoises, but re-establishment of tortoises at a moderate density (0.7 tortoises/ha) could reverse those trends and delay restoration on Floreana Island by ca. one decade while preventing continued ecosystem degradation on Pinta Island. We demonstrate the feasibility of restoring ecological replacements and the importance of rewilding ecosystem engineers before ecosystem shifts become irreversible.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148895027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Conservation Planning for Private Land Can No Longer Overlook People","authors":"Carla Archibald,&nbsp;Brooke Williams,&nbsp;Ayesha Tulloch,&nbsp;Frankie Cho,&nbsp;Yi Fei Chung,&nbsp;Courtney Morgans,&nbsp;Marie C. Dade,&nbsp;James Brazill-Boast,&nbsp;Scott Benitez Hetherington,&nbsp;Michael J. Drielsma,&nbsp;Kelly Fielding,&nbsp;Sarah Bekessy,&nbsp;Daniel Lunney,&nbsp;Clive A. McAlpine,&nbsp;Jonathan R. Rhodes","doi":"10.1111/con4.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Expanding conservation on private land is essential for many countries to achieve global biodiversity conservation and restoration targets. Planning in these socially and environmentally diverse landscapes requires approaches that are fit for purpose that account for both human and ecological values. Although systematic conservation planning offers a structured framework to address human-nature interdependencies, its applicability to private land conservation is not well understood. We reviewed 66 peer-reviewed systematic conservation planning studies across 44 countries to evaluate how people, including landholders and other stakeholders, are incorporated into private land conservation planning. Although landholders and other stakeholders are central to private land conservation outcomes, 21% of studies did not consider these perspectives at all, and only 29% engaged these groups directly through stakeholder workshops, participatory planning, or landholder surveys. Most studies (73%) relied on indirect socio-economic proxies to represent social values, which may miss key insights into feasibility and long-term success. We apply the results of the review to propose an enhanced systematic conservation planning framework tailored to private land conservation contexts. We argue that when landholders’ and other stakeholders’ perspectives are integrated into the planning process, private land conservation efforts are more likely to be beneficial for both people and nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148895077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"With Knowledge Comes Responsibility: Increasing Conservation Scientists’ Impact in a Time of Global Crises","authors":"Tara G. Martin,&nbsp;Carlos A. Arnillas,&nbsp;Anni Arponen,&nbsp;Kadambari Devarajan,&nbsp;Ken Ehrlich,&nbsp;Heather M. Kharouba,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Prado-Valladares,&nbsp;Helen M. Regan,&nbsp;Libby Rumpff,&nbsp;Florian Schnabel,&nbsp;Marten Winter,&nbsp;Kristiina Visakorpi,&nbsp;Julia K. Baum,&nbsp;Marc W. Cadotte,&nbsp;Abbey Camaclang,&nbsp;Javiera B. Chinga,&nbsp;Mariana C. Chiuffo,&nbsp;Emily Clark,&nbsp;Sharon Collinge,&nbsp;Roger D. Cousens,&nbsp;Marilyn Grell-Brisk,&nbsp;Rebecca W. Kariuki,&nbsp;Alexandra-Maria Klein,&nbsp;Monica D. Ortiz,&nbsp;Jennifer M. T. Magel,&nbsp;Sofie McComb,&nbsp;Jonathan W. Moore,&nbsp;Hazel Norman,&nbsp;Daniel Stewart,&nbsp;Bruno E. Soares,&nbsp;Gisela C. Stotz,&nbsp;Michael Williams,&nbsp;Florencia A. Yannelli,&nbsp;Lesley A. Hughes","doi":"10.1111/con4.70076","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dual crises of climate change and biodiversity loss continue despite overwhelming scientific evidence of their impacts on human well-being and planetary health. Those of us working in the fields of conservation and ecology are acutely aware that current efforts to avert these crises are profoundly inadequate. But how are we, as professionals working in these fields, responding? We engage in many different activities from generating knowledge and educating students to communicating research findings. Some of us work to implement science-based evidence and advocate for policy change. A few of us engage in activism. In this perspective, we explore how to increase our impact by re-prioritizing how we spend our time on various activities and focus our efforts on actions most likely to lead to positive change. We offer an exercise to self-reflect and identify pathways to increase our impact. The escalating crises demand an urgent re-think from us all in how we currently spend our time.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148895028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financier Performance Standard Misaligned With Emerging Nature Positive Requirements: An Orangutan Case Study","authors":"Erik Meijaard,&nbsp;Divya Narain,&nbsp;Marc Ancrenaz,&nbsp;Serge A. Wich,&nbsp;Rona A. Dennis,&nbsp;Martine Maron","doi":"10.1111/con4.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aimed at conserving biodiversity and sustainably managing natural resources, the International Finance Corporation's (IFC) Performance Standard 6 (PS6) is a key environmental safeguard for development projects. Among the species most affected by projects subject to PS6 are great apes, whose survival depends on stringent conservation measures. Of these great ape species, the three orangutan (<i>Pongo</i> spp.) species are rapidly declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation and unsustainable mortality rates. We assessed the types of net outcomes PS6 requires when development projects affect the habitat of Critically Endangered orangutans, which are highlighted in the PS6 for special protection needs. While PS6 may require relative gains—for example, slowing the rate of biodiversity decline compared to a deteriorating baseline—it falls short of requiring the absolute gains necessary to halt biodiversity loss by 2030, in line with international commitments such as the 2022 Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Implementation of PS6 in areas of critical orangutan habitat is, therefore, unlikely to prevent further losses for species like orangutans. In the context of a review of the IFC's Performance Standards, which were last updated in 2019, we recommend revisions that align PS6 with global commitments to absolute improvements in biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Irreplaceability in the Era of Nature Positive","authors":"Martine Maron,&nbsp;Michelle Ward,&nbsp;Jeremy S. Simmonds,&nbsp;Brendan A. Wintle,&nbsp;Hugh P. Possingham,&nbsp;Ruben Venegas,&nbsp;Donald Butler,&nbsp;Andrew Macintosh,&nbsp;April E. Reside,&nbsp;Laura Sonter,&nbsp;Daniel C. Dunn,&nbsp;Ailsa Kerswell,&nbsp;Jaana Dielenberg,&nbsp;James E. M. Watson","doi":"10.1111/con4.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global biodiversity decline has breached safe limits, prompting ambitious goals to halt and reverse nature loss. Meeting these goals requires a shift from minimizing losses to securing an absolute net gain of nature and biodiversity. We argue that foundational to this is respecting ecological irreplaceability—the recognition that some ecological assets, such as certain ecosystem types and habitat features upon which species depend, cannot plausibly be restored or replaced within timeframes relevant to the conservation of those ecosystems and species. Despite this ecological reality, many policy settings, particularly around environmental impact assessment and planning, are underpinned by the assumption that lost nature is replaceable. We outline ecological irreplaceability and its implications in the context of nature-positive ambitions. We show how it can be operationalized as the basis of a necessary, fundamental shift in biodiversity policy and conservation decision-making. Embedding the concept in policy is essential to safeguard the potential to achieve nature-positive goals and restore credibility to policy mechanisms that have too often enabled cumulative and irreversible biodiversity loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open sharing in Conservation AI: Benefits and Barriers","authors":"Katie I. Murray,&nbsp;Tanya Berger-Wolf,&nbsp;Daniel Schofield,&nbsp;Kimberley Hockings,&nbsp;Dave Hodgson","doi":"10.1111/con4.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advances in artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, are transforming conservation science, unblocking data-filled bottlenecks and automating decision processes to help protect biodiversity. The power of deep learning algorithms depends on the size and quality of training datasets, and their uptake depends on the sharing of both code and training data. We use bibliometrics to highlight existing research trends in the growth and distribution of artificial intelligence in publications using biodiversity sensors and then discuss the benefits and barriers to sharing openly. Our survey of 611 publications (2000–2024) shows a rapid increase in the number of publications using artificial intelligence to process biodiversity sensor data over the past decade. Yet, of these, only 16.9% shared new datasets and 18.0% shared code, while 64.0% shared no resources (code, dataset, or graphical user interface). Acoustic datasets (audio, seismic) were twice as likely to be shared compared to visual datasets (camera traps, UAVs, satellites). We discuss the reasons to share and not to share in this field—specifically data security, ownership, and fragmentation—and propose infrastructure and governance frameworks for sharing sensitive data and complex algorithms. Updated sharing frameworks are required to balance the benefits of open and ethical conservation science.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}