Conservation Letters最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148076422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future-Proofing Natura 2000 Through a Biocultural Approach","authors":"Tobias Plieninger,&nbsp;Marion Jay,&nbsp;Tibor Hartel","doi":"10.1111/con4.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Natura 2000 sites of the European Union form the largest protected area network globally and are widely considered a conservation success. However, many Natura 2000 sites are not in a favorable conservation status, and support by policy and society has often been low. This Perspective argues that a biocultural paradigm would open up new pathways for safeguarding those protected species and habitats that require low-intensity land management and for empowering local communities, thus sparking local nature-related stewardship, innovation, and inspiration. We outline five dimensions of a biocultural approach: the role of people, network design, monitoring, financial resources, and research. We also present three case examples from Romania, Germany, and Spain, where farmers’ and foresters’ landscape stewardship has preserved charismatic species and cultural identity. We conclude that a biocultural approach to Natura 2000 requires a shift in how people and nature are framed in protected areas, but not a major overhaul of conservation legislation. Our contribution is to operationalize such approach through five implementable dimensions that fit within existing law and reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147448019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward the Full Operationalization of the Dark Diversity Concept in Environmental Impact Assessments: A Call to Revise International EIA Standards","authors":"Giovanni Bacaro,&nbsp;Federica Fonda","doi":"10.1111/con4.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Environmental impact assessments and related safeguard standards are key tools for mitigating the ecological damage of development projects; however, they predominantly evaluate what is observed during baseline surveys. This approach, which is inherently constrained by imperfect detectability, seasonality, and uneven sampling effort, leads to a chronic underestimation of an ecosystem's true biotic potential, with direct consequences for the mitigation hierarchy (avoidance, minimization, restoration, and offsets) and for strategies that aim to meet the “no net loss” of biodiversity target. This paper proposes the systematic integration of “dark diversity”, that is, the set of species ecologically suited to a site but currently absent, into the EIA framework. Assessing a habitat's ecological “completeness” (observed diversity relative to dark diversity) reveals its true level of degradation and restoration potential, helping to distinguish systems that are simply complex to detect from those that are impoverished or constrained by dispersal and establishment barriers. This approach provides a more robust and precautionary baseline, allowing for the design of mitigation and compensation measures based on an ecosystem's full potential, not just one part. We outline pragmatic pathways to operationalize dark diversity in EIA practice, combining existing occurrence data, co-occurrence approaches, and emerging tools (e.g., eDNA and niche modeling) to guide targeted supplementary surveys, impact evaluation, and measurable restoration objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147439892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148072927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical and Ethical Issues in Big Data and Machine Learning Forecasts of Zambian Community Forestry Engagement","authors":"Thomas Pienkowski,&nbsp;Morena Mills,&nbsp;Matt Clark,&nbsp;Kaala Moombe,&nbsp;Henry Chilufya,&nbsp;Alexandros Sfyridis,&nbsp;Jocelyne Shimin Sze,&nbsp;Erik Olsson,&nbsp;Andreas Christ Sølvsten Jørgensen","doi":"10.1111/con4.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Approaches integrating geospatial “big data” and machine learning will likely be increasingly used to predict conservation-related human behavior, such as patterns of local engagement, in socioecological systems. Yet, few studies evaluate both the technical and ethical aspects of such applications. Here, we provide a nation-scale worked example that combines machine learning and publicly available data to predict spatial patterns of Community Forestry establishment among 539,221 settlements across Zambia. Our model accurately predicted out-of-sample spatial establishment patterns three-quarters of the time (balanced accuracy = 76.5%, sensitivity = 64.0%, specificity = 89.1%), though it had a high false positive rate (precision = 24.3%). Accurately forecasting conservation establishment patterns for effective resource allocation requires better data on local preferences and programmatic decision-making, among other factors. Furthermore, such artificial intelligence applications risk making decision-making more technocratic, top-down, and opaque; therefore, they should only inform deliberation over possible future scenarios within wider, multistakeholder governance processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148070771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148071350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The World Could Reach 30% Protection by 2030, and Still Fail to Conserve Biodiversity without Effective and Well-located Protected Areas","authors":"Jonas Geldmann","doi":"10.1111/con4.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70030","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is the world's roadmap toward the 2050 vision of living in harmony with nature (Convention on Biological Diversity &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Its operational core is 23 targets, which translate its vision into concrete policy commitments spanning both place-based conservation and broader actions to address the underlying drivers of nature's decline. Among them, Target 3 concerns one of the most established and demonstrably effective conservation measures: protected and conserved areas (Watson et al. &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;). Popularly known as “30×30” for its quantitative element of protecting 30% of land and ocean by 2030, Target 3 succeeds Aichi Target 11, which called for conserving 17% of land and 10% of oceans by 2020, and the 2010 goal of conserving 10% of Earth by 2010. Although each of these targets includes important qualifiers about where protection should occur and how it should be implemented, they have remained defined largely by their numerical area component as the primary measure of conservation progress. And this is unfortunately still the case for Target 3 of the KMGBF.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The appeal of area-based targets as the focal point for measuring conservation gains is understandable. Numbers are simple to communicate, compare, and monitor; they offer governments a seemingly clear benchmark of progress; and they lend themselves to global dashboards that can be easily updated. Further, an emphasis on coverage allows countries to report impressive progress without necessarily committing the human and financial resources needed to reverse negative trends and halt biodiversity loss. Thus, focusing on area as the key metric risks repeating decades of misplaced emphasis in global and national biodiversity policy. Indeed, available evidence suggests that the current extent of land and sea protection does not adequately align with key biodiversity features or the threats they face, with most assessed species having insufficient coverage and many high-threat areas falling outside protection (Butchart et al. &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;; Le Saout et al. &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Pulido-Chadid et al. &lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;; Rodrigues et al. &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;; Zeng et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). What matters is, therefore, not how much we protect, but where and how protection occurs (Visconti et al. &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;). Ecological representativeness and connectivity determine whether protected and conserved areas can sustain species and ecosystems (Brennan et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;; Podda and Porporato &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). Equally, effective and equitable management ensures that they deliver conservation benefits and respect the rights of local communities (Geldmann et al. &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Gill et al. &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;; Wauchope et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Despite this, recent analyses suggest that the global network of protected areas is poorly placed (Butchart et al. &lt;span&gt;20","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147383910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148071349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neocolonial Tightening of CITES: How Northern Narratives Marginalize Southern Conservation","authors":"Youmin Lian,&nbsp;Md. Ziaul Islam","doi":"10.1111/con4.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/con4.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>CITES has demonstrated a persistent trend of regulatory tightening over five decades, raising critical questions about both equity and effectiveness in global conservation governance. This study examines how structural power imbalances and dominant Northern narratives within the Convention have systematically marginalized pluralistic conservation discourses, disproportionately disadvantaging Global South states. Through mixed-methods analysis—combining voting pattern data from CITES Appendix amendment proposals (CoP3–CoP19) with case studies of giraffes, European eels, and totoaba—this study reveals systemic inequities in decision-making processes. Findings indicate that Northern countries disproportionately promote “strict conservation” narratives, targeting Southern species, with upgrade proposals adopted at significantly higher rates than downgrades despite equivalent voting thresholds. Concurrently, sustainable utilization strategies face institutional barriers in Southern states, further reflecting structural inequities. Our study shows that centralization within CITES correlates with the underrepresentation of Southern voices and the disproportionate influence of Northern-dominated NGOs. Ultimately, we argue that CITES’ regulatory tightening reflects neocolonial dynamics, prioritizing Northern ethical narratives over resource sovereignty and local realities. Thus, to ensure more equitable and effective governance, reforms must democratize decision-making processes and better respect pluralistic conservation discourses.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"19 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/con4.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}