Journal of Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"The Tsuru Longitudinal Study: Design and Profile of Participants.","authors":"Yuta Nemoto, Vo Y Lan, Takuya Yamada, Shinichiro Sato, Noriko Takeda, Mutsumi Nakamura, Takuya Ueda, Yoshinori Kitabatake, Misaki Kawaguchi, Sumika Karasawa, Kazushi Maruo, Takashi Arao","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20260102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep (collectively referred to as physical behaviours) are promising preventive factors for adverse health outcomes. However, most previous studies have relied on subjective measures assessed at a single time point, which fail to capture changes in physical behaviours over time and can introduce measurement bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Tsuru Longitudinal Study is a cohort study of older adults aged ≥65 years living in Tsuru, Yamanashi, Japan. The study includes mail surveys conducted in 2016, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2024, and 2026, accelerometer-based assessments in 2024 and 2026, and linked data (Long-Term Care Insurance and Basic Resident Registration System), which enable the examination of associations of trajectories of physical behaviours and device-measured physical behaviours with various health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While the 2026 survey is currently underway, the number of respondents (response rate) to the surveys in 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2024 was 4857 (72.4%), 4941 (74.1%), 5459 (74.6%), and 4106 (63.6%), respectively. A total of 779 participants completed the accelerometer-based assessment. At baseline of the mail survey, men were more likely than women to have lower educational attainment and less favourable health characteristics. Participants who completed the physical behaviour assessment were more likely to be older, have higher socioeconomic status, be more physically active, be more socially engaged, and be less likely to have depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This cohort study is expected to provide evidence on the health effects of physical behaviours and inform strategies to promote successful ageing.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Biobank Aichi (CBBA): A Hospital-Based Prospective Biobank Embedded in First-Visit Outpatient Flow at Aichi Cancer Center, Japan.","authors":"Mai Nakata, Keitaro Matsuo","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20260203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer Biobank Aichi (CBBA) was established at Aichi Cancer Center in 2017 as a hospital-based prospective biobank embedded in first-visit outpatient care. With written informed consent, up to 13 mL of blood is collected, processed within 2 hours, fractionated into serum, plasma, and buffy coat, dispensed into 2D-barcoded aliquots, and stored at -80°C under continuous monitoring with distributed freezer storage. DNA is extracted from buffy coat and stored as ready-to-use aliquots. Epidemiological information is obtained using a structured questionnaire; most lifestyle exposures (physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, and diet) refer to the year preceding the index visit. The questionnaire includes outpatient dietary assessment and separate ascertainment of electronic/heat-not-burn tobacco product use. Clinical information is updated annually through linkage with the institutional hospital-based cancer registry based on standardized registration items recommended by the National Cancer Center Japan; for approved projects, linkage to department-level clinical data is available under governance review with data minimization and pseudonymization. Among 34,574 first-visit outpatients approached or informed about CBBA, 29,470 (85.2%) provided biospecimens and/or questionnaire data and were included, including 10,075 non-cancer participants. Biospecimens were available for 25,105 participants and questionnaire data for 26,570; 22,205 provided both components. CBBA enables multiple epidemiologic and translational study designs using biospecimens collected at first presentation, one-year-referenced lifestyle data, an internal non-cancer reference group, and registry follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Postcode-based Area Deprivation Index and Individual-level Socioeconomic Status: Findings from Two Population-based Cohort Studies.","authors":"Mariko Hanafusa, Yuri Ito, Tomoki Nakaya, Yuki Arakawa, Izumi Nakayama, Keisuke Kuwahara, Juan Xu, Tomoyuki Miyazaki, Nobufumi Yasuda, Isao Saito, Koutatsu Maruyama, Kiyoshi Aoyagi, Kazuhiko Arima, Kozo Tanno, Nobuyuki Takanashi, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Muraki, Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane, Atsushi Goto, Norie Sawada","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20260096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is widely used to monitor health inequalities and often used as a proxy for individual socioeconomic status (SES). However, the extent to which it reflects individual SES remains unclear. This study aimed to establish evidence linking neighborhood-level ADI with individual SES indicators in Japan and examine whether similar patterns of association are observed across independent population-based cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed baseline data from two population-based cohorts: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT) (baseline survey, 2011-2016; ages 40-74 years; N=100,024) and the Yokohama Health Study (YHS) (baseline survey, 2023; ages 30-69 years; N=8,860). ADI was ranked into quartiles (Q1: lowest, Q4: highest deprivation) based on the distribution across all postcodes in Japan and linked to each participant by residential area. Logistic regression models estimated associations between ADI quartile and low income (<1.53 million JPY) or limited education (≤9 or ≤12 years) by gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher ADI showed increasing trends of association with low income and ≤9 years of education in both cohorts and across genders, with p for trend <0.001 for all. In contrast, associations with ≤12 years of education were less consistent across cohorts and subgroups, with no significant trend observed among women in JPHC-NEXT (p for trend = 0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the ADI consistently reflected income-related disadvantage across cohorts, its association with educational attainment varied across contexts. This should be carefully considered when using or interpreting ADI-based measures of health inequality in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media use is associated with lower COVID-19 booster uptake in Japan.","authors":"Shuko Takahashi, Masaru Nohara, Satoshi Kanda, Hiroshi Akasaka, Kozo Tanno, Ichiro Kawachi","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20260213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have specifically examined the relationship between social media use and uptake of COVID-19 booster. This study examined the association between social media use and COVID-19 booster vaccination uptake in Japan during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A series of cross-sectional surveys was conducted using rapid online questionnaires among residents of Iwate Prefecture, Japan, from October 1 to 3, 2021, and from December 11 to 17, 2023 (n = 4,026). Vaccination status was assessed using a single question: \"What is your vaccination status?\". Respondents were categorized into two groups: individuals with incomplete booster uptake (those who had received one or two doses; n = 226) and booster acceptors (those who had received at least three doses; n = 3,800). Social media use was defined as self-reported use of Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, or other social networking services. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between social media use and receipt of a COVID-19 booster vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Social media use was significantly associated with higher odds of incomplete booster uptake of COVID-19 vaccination. This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for relevant covariates (odds ratio [OR] 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-2.39). Individuals with a history of COVID-19 infection prior to the initiation of booster vaccinations were less likely to receive a booster dose in an exploratory analysis (OR 3.06, 95% CI 1.28-7.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differential associations between media use and COVID-19 booster uptake may provide important insights for designing effective communication strategies to improve vaccine acceptance in future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian Randomization Revisited: From Instrument Validity to Epidemiologic Validity.","authors":"Keitaro Matsuo","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20260175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort Profile: Shanghai University of Sport (SUS) Longitudinal Cohort Study of Alumni Health Tracking.","authors":"Huanyu Wang, Ruwen Wang, Qin Sun, Shanshan Guo, Kaiqing Lin, Qianqian Tian, Keneilwe Kenny Kaudimba, Mingjia Yang, Tiemin Liu, Ru Wang","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20240494","DOIUrl":"10.2188/jea.JE20240494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Shanghai University of Sport (SUS) Longitudinal Cohort Study (SUS Cohort) was established to investigate the influence of lifestyle and modifiable behavioral factors in early adulthood on the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) later in life. The cohort aims to identify novel biomarkers and explore mechanisms underlying chronic diseases using a multi-omics approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SUS Cohort study is a prospective cohort study of undergraduate students between 2018 and 2019, with follow-ups conducted every 2 years during early adulthood and every 10 years thereafter. Comprehensive data collection includes body composition measurements, lifestyle surveys, physical fitness tests, and clinical laboratory tests. Multi-omics analysis, including genome-wide genotyping, gut microbiome, and serum metabolome, is integrated to provide insights into disease pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,758 participants aged 18 to 22 (mean age 18.64; standard deviation, 3.15) years were conducted from baseline surveys, with a follow-up period between September 2021 and September 2022. The median age at baseline was 18 years, and female participants accounted for 49.5% of the cohort (n = 870). Of the initial participants, 1,055 individuals (60%) completed the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SUS Cohort provides multidimensional data to study how early-life factors influence long-term health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"265-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145596597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Reconsidering the Perinatal Risks of Maternal Underweight in Japan\".","authors":"Shinobu Kobayashi, Shiori Itoi, Drishti Shrestha, Naho Morisaki","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260098","DOIUrl":"10.2188/jea.JE20260098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Underweight on Infant and Maternal Outcomes in Japanese Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Shinobu Kobayashi, Shiori Itoi, Drishti Shrestha, Naho Morisaki","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20250483","DOIUrl":"10.2188/jea.JE20250483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-pregnancy underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m²) is notably prevalent among reproductive-aged Japanese women, affecting approximately 20%, compared to less than 10% in Western countries. However, its overall impact on maternal and infant outcomes in Japanese populations has not been systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi were searched from inception to February 2024. Cohort and case-control studies examining associations between pre-pregnancy underweight and perinatal outcomes in Japanese women with singleton pregnancies were included. Primary outcomes were low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and preterm birth (PTB). Random-effects models calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-four studies were analyzed. Pre-pregnancy underweight significantly increased risks of LBW (OR 1.61; 95% CI, 1.38-1.86), SGA (OR 1.59; 95% CI, 1.55-1.63), and PTB (OR 1.23; 95% CI, 1.19-1.26). Mean birth weight was 115.02 g lower (95% CI, -128.05 to -101.99) in underweight mothers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-pregnancy underweight among Japanese women is significantly associated with increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes. Notably, these elevated risks persist despite the high background prevalence of underweight, suggesting that their adverse effects are not diminished in populations where it is more common. These findings underscore the importance of increasing awareness of preconception care and emphasize the need to optimize pre-pregnancy weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"243-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Prognostic Factors of Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis in Japan: A Nationwide Database Study.","authors":"Satoshi Kutsuna, Hiroyuki Ohbe, Yuya Kimura, Keito Shinmoto, Yuichiro Matsuo, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20250228","DOIUrl":"10.2188/jea.JE20250228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSE) is a rare but life-threatening condition. While the disease has been well characterized in Western countries, large-scale epidemiological data from Japan are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) Study Group database, we identified patients hospitalized with HSE between July 2010 and March 2023. Patients were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10^th Revision codes. Nationwide incidence was estimated by multiplying the observed case counts by the annual ratio of total discharges in the national MHLW-DPC database to those in the DPC Study Group. We used generalized estimating equations to account for clustering within hospitals in multivariable models. In-hospital mortality and functional and neurological outcomes were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression identified prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 6,788 patients were identified. The annual incidence of HSE ranged from 5.7 to 8.2 per 100,000 hospitalizations. Overall, in-hospital mortality was 6.0%. Of 6,378 survivors, 2,295 (36.0%) had a Barthel Index score ≤90 and 1,602 (25.1%) had impaired consciousness (Japan Coma Scale ≥1) at discharge. A composite poor outcome (death or impaired consciousness) occurred in 2,012 (29.6%). Older age (especially ≥80 years), impaired consciousness at presentation, and comorbidities such as congestive heart failure, chronic renal disease, malignancy, and underweight status were associated with in-hospital mortality and poor outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This multicenter analysis of HSE in Japan showed that HSE was associated with substantial disability among survivors, in addition to non-negligible mortality. Our findings highlight the need for post-acute rehabilitation to reduce the burden of residual disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145804710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsidering the Perinatal Risks of Maternal Underweight in Japan.","authors":"Jiayi Chen","doi":"10.2188/jea.JE20260021","DOIUrl":"10.2188/jea.JE20260021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15799,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13349840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}