2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)最新文献

{"title":"GNSS Probabilistic Single Differencing For Non-Parametric State Estimation Based On Spatial Map Data","authors":"Paul Schwarzbach, O. Michler","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317474","url":null,"abstract":"High-precision user position estimation is a necessary prerequisite for various safety-critical applications and location based services in navigation. For vehicular applications, low-cost GNSS receivers are often utilized as they provide a reasonable trade-off between affordability and accuracy. Especially in dense urban environments their performance can be heavily degraded by signal shadowing and non-line-of-sight reception. These conditions challenge state-of-the-art GNSS positioning methods, namely Least Squares Estimation (LSE) and Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF). In this paper, we propose a robust non-parametric state estimation method called GNSS Probability Grid Positioning (PGP) utilizing Between-Satellite Differencing. The proposed method is based on incorporating three-dimensional terrain data providing an a-priori state space. The accuracy of PGP is validated in a dynamic scenario using a GNSS software defined radio simulation setup. We compare its performance to common positioning methods and show that PGP outperforms both LSE and EKF positioning under adverse reception conditions.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117205755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PPP Performance with Large TEC Gradient and Mitigation Methods","authors":"Yan Xiang, Wei Wang, Xin Chen, Wenxian Yun","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317526","url":null,"abstract":"During high-level solar activity time, frequent ionospheric irregularities lead to large total electron content (TEC) gradient. precise point positioning (PPP) performance can be significantly degraded under the unfavorable ionosphere conditions. We analyze the causes and effects of the ionosphere potential impacts on uncombined PPP (UPPP) performance in terms of the ionospheric stochastic model, blunders, and frequent cycle slips. Results show that a large enough stochastic variance is beneficial for better positioning solutions; blunders detection could improve the accuracy; a proper threshold to detect cycle slips could improve the accuracy significantly. Taking these effects into consideration, we can achieve a centimeter accuracy at each direction under the disturbed ionosphere conditions.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"5 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120855031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Innovative Way to Promote Walking via a Smartphone Pedestrian Navigation Application","authors":"George Papageorgiou, Katerina Hadjigeorgiou, Alexander N. Ness","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317478","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which people are prepared to use a smartphone navigation application to enhance their walking experience. The proposed smartphone app, which is based on a Smart Pedestrian Network (SPN) system would provide various incentives to promote walkability. In the research presented in this paper we attempt to answer questions such as: Would people walk more if they were rewarded by using the app? Can the proposed app motivate people to walk more by: providing navigation information, tracking peoples' steps, setting daily challenges and goals and giving rewards? To what extent can the proposed app support its users to become healthier and at the same time improve environmental conditions? For this purpose, a survey was conducted in Cyprus involving a representative sample of people. After data collection, statistical analysis was carried out in IBM SPSS software package. The results of the survey showed that apart from navigation information, providing rewards would motivate people to walk more. Specifically, 42% preferred their reward to be monetary while 39% would accept their reward to be donated for charity. Additionally, the majority of respondents would not only use but also recommend the proposed application to others.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122930097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considerations for message design of new satellite navigation signal","authors":"J. Noh, D. Lim, G. Jo, Sang Jeong Lee","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317455","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, TTFFD according to the length of CED and the length of message frame is analyzed in order to design the structure of message of new satellite navigation signal. The GPS CNA V and GPS CNA V-2 message is used structures as the basis for the message structure of the new navigation signal. In addition, the data rate of the navigation data other than the CED during the maximum broadcast interval of CED is analyzed. From the results, TTFFD is the best in the structure of CNA V-2 format. However, considering both TTFFD and the data rate of additional navigation information, it is thought that CNA V format based message structure is appropriate as a message structure of new satellite navigation signal.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125645354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGNOS System Evolutions in Europe and within the International Multi-SBAS context","authors":"D. Flament, David Thomas, C. Lopez, J. Melinotte, K. Urbanska, X. Derambure, Arnaud Boisseau","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317310","url":null,"abstract":"EGNOS is the first generation satellite navigation system developed in Europe. The Implementation phase started in 1999 and the entry into Safety Of Life operations has been declared in 2011. It has been designed for stringent Civil Aviation operations (up to Precision Approach Category 1) which are guaranteed all over the EU and is compliant to the International ICAO Standards. The system concept corresponds to the SBAS (defined by ICAO), standing for Satellite Based Augmentation Systems. It is based on a ground segment augmenting existing GNSS signals and delivering to the end users in quasi real time, a very reliable set of corrections, then improving the accuracy and the integrity of the positioning. EGNOS is the second system of a worldwide family of similar regional systems of other regions of the world (North America, Japan, India, South Korea, China, etc…). As these systems have to be designed, qualified, operated and maintained in full interoperability with the others of the same family, an international working group called SBAS Interoperability Working Group was created in 1997 by the US FAA and ESA, which has grown since 1997, now gathering more than 10 SBAS Development Agencies / Service Providers. This paper, in its first part, will provide a detailed update on the status, organisation and main achievements of this International SBAS Interoperability Working Group, and in particular, present the status of the Global SBAS project combining all SBAS development and modernization projects around the world, for an objective to offer a quasi-global coverage of the SBAS services. At European level, for EGNOS, the Implementation Phase of the second generation of EGNOS called EGNOS V3 has started (January 2018). EGNOS V3 is designed to augment, not only the GPS L1 signals but new signals from both GPS and Galileo in dual frequency L1 and L5, and will then offer significantly enhanced services. The paper will present in its second part the benefits expected from EGNOS V3 and the on-going R&D activities to prepare the future evolutions (post EGNOS V3) addressing, in particular, services outside Aviation.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124827549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interference Mitigation And Miniaturized Antenna Array Spatial Pattern Compensation With STAP","authors":"E. P. Marcos, S. Caizzone, M. Cuntz, A. Konovaltsev, M. Meurer","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317501","url":null,"abstract":"Two miniaturized antenna arrays for GNSS receivers are presented. The effects of the miniaturization on the performance of an interference mitigation STAP algorithm are analyzed. The performance degradation imposed by the miniaturization on the spatial gain is showed and a potential compensation is proposed.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123896457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Initialization for Long Baseline RTK Positioning: Combined GPS+Galileo+BDS+QZSS+GLONASS with Partial Ambiguity Resolution","authors":"A. Brack","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317350","url":null,"abstract":"Introducing atmospheric delays in the GNSS RTK positioning model significantly weakens the ambiguity resolution performance, causing for instance long times to reliably fix the ambiguities when differential ionospheric delays have to be estimated. In order to overcome this problem, the combination of two strategies is proposed in this paper: the joint processing of five GNSS and partial ambiguity resolution. For GLONASS, the recently introduced integer estimable FDMA model from [1] is employed. We analyze two different partial ambiguity resolution schemes, both with simulations and real GNSS data from an 88.5 km baseline. The results show that instantaneous centimeter level positioning is possible with the ionosphere weighted model, and that on average only 3.5 epochs are required to reach the centimeter level with the ionosphere float model.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121299507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Unknown Digital Map Errors on Satellite-based Navigation in Railway","authors":"A. Grosch, Omar García Crespillo","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317448","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite navigation is considered one of the key technologies for future train control and railway signalling. Since Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) does not provide a location solution directly on the track domain, the use of a precise railway track map is essential to be integrated with GNSS. However, most current localization solutions assume that the track map, which relates the geographical position of the track with its unique location in the railway network, is perfectly known without any error. In this paper, we investigate and discuss the impact that digital track map errors can have on track-constrained GNSS positioning. First, we derive the mathematical basis that accounts for the propagation of map errors to the position solution. Then, we present the impact on the detection capability of pseudo range faults if these map errors are not known or ignored. The analysis show the importance of accounting properly for these errors to guarantee certain requirement levels.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115555508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jamming an Uncalibrated GNSS Array Receiver of Distributed Antenna Elements for Concealed Installation in Passenger Cars","authors":"Marius Brachvogel, M. Niestroj, S. Zorn, M. Meurer, S. N. Hasnain, R. Stephan, M. Hein","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317483","url":null,"abstract":"Interference signals are a severe threat to any GNSS receiver. Due to the low reception power of satellite signals, even comparably weak interferences can significantly decrease the positioning accuracy of the receiver or lead to a complete signal loss. Therefore, any active interference signal has to be mitigated to ensure a continuous and safe operation. This is especially important in the field of automated driving, where the permanent awareness of a human being is no longer presumed and cars rely solely on GNSS to determine the absolute position necessary for navigation. While uniform rectangular arrays have shown to be the most effective method against interference signals by providing the ability to spatially mitigate incident signals, their size prevents an application in cars produced for the consumer mass market. This paper presents an arrangement, where a set of two distributed linear arrays is used, which seems promising for a concealed installation and allows the application of spatial signal processing algorithms such as beamforming and nulling. Consequences on the positioning accuracy from the joint processing of signals from distributed antenna elements are discussed and the capability to mitigate interference sources is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131228277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal ranging code generator of GNSS signals","authors":"O. K. Mikhaylova, I. Korogodin, I. V. Lipa","doi":"10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ENC48637.2020.9317376","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews PRN code generation methods. Generated codes are used as ranging codes in the existing GNSSs. These codes are used to improve the accuracy of the ranging measurements. We present the structure of the universal code generator which can be used in the satellite navigation systems: NAVSTAR GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou. This generator provides the ability to generate ranging codes for almost 70% of all open navigation signals. Universal generator was implemented as a SystemVerilog module as part of the navigation receiver software. Using the receiver including this module, we have successfully received navigation signals that use different PRN codes. We also compared hardware resource utilization by universal generator and by GPS C/A ranging code generator. This analysis showed that the universal generator module uses less than 4 times more FPGA resources than the special GPS C/A generator module. However, the resource utilization of the correlator channel increases by only 5 percent.","PeriodicalId":157951,"journal":{"name":"2020 European Navigation Conference (ENC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130728121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}