{"title":"Impact of environmental regulation on M&As in the manufacturing sector","authors":"Federico Carril-Caccia , Juliette Milgram Baleix","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We test the influence of environmental regulation (ER) on the location decision of cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As) for a large sample of countries, sectors, and years using a structural gravity model. Unlike other studies, our results confirm the pollution haven hypothesis according to which more stringent ER makes countries less attractive to foreign investors planning to invest through M&As, compared with domestic investors. Policies that set quantitative limits on emissions have similar discouraging effects on cross-border investment to taxes on emissions. We find no evidence that the impact could be stronger in dirty sectors than in clean sectors. The impact of ER differs depending on country type according to their level of development, reflecting the fact that investments in developed countries and BRICS respond to different motivations. In emerging countries, lax ER could attract significantly more inward M&As. In developed countries, ER has a less discouraging effect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103038"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624001128/pdfft?md5=b772e3d8cddec5476279ed535b42f3f1&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624001128-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wildfire smoke and private provision of public air-quality monitoring","authors":"Michael Coury , Liam Falconer , Andrea La Nauze","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Governments monitor air quality for regulatory purposes and, more recently, to provide information so individuals can act to lower their exposure to air pollution. Recent developments in low-cost technologies have also led to private adoption of air-quality monitors that produce publicly accessible air-quality readings. We study the adoption of these private air-quality monitors. We find that shocks to air pollution from wildfire result in substantial adoption. We also find that additional private monitors are concentrated in white, wealthy, and politically liberal neighborhoods. In contrast, there is no evidence that pollution shocks lead to higher adoption in neighborhoods with lower pre-existing access to monitors, higher long-run pollution, or those with more vulnerable populations. Private provision increases inequality in the availability of localized air-quality information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103036"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141637129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Bonan , C. Cattaneo , G. d’Adda , A. Galliera , M. Tavoni
{"title":"Widening the scope: The direct and spillover effects of nudging water efficiency in the presence of other behavioral interventions","authors":"J. Bonan , C. Cattaneo , G. d’Adda , A. Galliera , M. Tavoni","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Policymakers and firms use behavioral interventions to promote sustainable development in various domains. A correct impact evaluation requires looking beyond the targeted domain and assessing its interactions with similar interventions. Existing evidence in this area is limited, leading to potential misestimation of behavioural interventions and poor guidance on their design. Here, we test the impact of a two-year social information campaign to nudge water conservation through a large-scale randomized controlled trial implemented with a multi-resource company,. We find that the water nudge significantly decreases water and electricity usage, but not that of gas. Spillovers arise for customers who do not receive nudges targeting the other resources. Customers receiving the water report are also significantly less likely to deactivate their gas and electricity contracts, regardless of whether they receive other reports. Our results suggest that multiple nudges strain users’ limited attention and ability to enact conservation efforts. Users’ constraints in attending to multiple stimuli need to be accounted in designing policy interventions to foster sustainable practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624001116/pdfft?md5=d928b71abaaeaad7777ca2ce327a8602&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624001116-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Li and Pizer in the short-run: A comment on discounting","authors":"Andrew R. Solow , Scott Farrow","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Li and Pizer derived upper and lower bounds on the time-dependent social discount rate that both converge in the long run to the consumption rate of interest. They went on to recommend using the consumption rate of interest as the social discount rate for investments relating to climate change for which the bulk of the benefits accrue in the far future. However, the bounds can be quite wide in the short-run, providing little guidance for shorter term discounting. Here, we show that if uncertainty in the social discount rate is encoded in a uniform distribution, then its expected value converges much more rapidly to the consumption rate of interest. The implications of this for project evaluation are more complicated than in the deterministic case considered by Li and Pizer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103039"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141594941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of energy prices on industrial investment location: Evidence from global firm level data","authors":"Aurélien Saussay , Misato Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.102992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.102992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the influence of relative energy prices on the geographical distribution of industrial investments across 41 countries. Employing a gravity model framework to analyse firms’ investment location decisions, we estimate the model using global bilateral investment flows derived from firm-level M&A data. Our findings reveal that a 10% increase in the energy price differential between two countries results in a 3.2% rise in cross-border acquisitions. This effect is most pronounced in energy-intensive industries and transactions targeting emerging economies. Furthermore, policy simulations suggest that the impact of unilateral carbon pricing on cross-border investments is modest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 102992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624000664/pdfft?md5=03732273b0be002ee4ad7c79720c4420&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624000664-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does improved tenure security reduce fires? Evidence from the Greece land registry","authors":"Liang Diao , Huiqian Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While tenure security is essential to effective land management, there is little empirical evidence on its environmental impact. Exploiting the staggered rollout of the land registry program across Greece, we find the regions covered by the mandatory program witness large declines in agricultural fire events, burned areas, and air pollutants. Agricultural data reveal that landowners in those regions mitigate fire risks through reducing stubble burning, expanding farming areas, and stocking more fire-suppression equipment. Our findings indicate that strengthening property rights can lead to more sustainable farming practices and promote long-term land investment, thereby reducing fire hazards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103002"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141630247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The emerging international trade in hydrogen: Environmental policies, innovation, and trade dynamics","authors":"Werner Antweiler , David Schlund","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen produced from renewable energy and other carbon-neutral sources has the potential of becoming an important medium for storing and transporting energy, partially taking on the role that fossil fuels play to date. We develop a novel theoretical and empirical model of sequential trade based on long-term contracts with one or more fixed-capacity projects entering each period in a modified Nash-Cournot competition. We simulate the emerging international trade in hydrogen using calibrated demand, supply, transportation, and policy data, exploring a set of scenarios to determine which factors have significant influence—in particular environmental, innovation, and trade policies. Our findings suggest that hydrogen trade exhibits significant price dispersion and two-way trade as vintages of contracts overlap in a market defined by endogenous innovation and policy interventions. Trade costs and the mode of transportation (pipelines or ammonia conversion, possibly others) play a pivotal role and influence the relative share of hydrogen production types (green, blue, or turquoise). Trade policies emerge as a more essential determinant of hydrogen trade than carbon and innovation policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103035"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624001098/pdfft?md5=6180a016d2e741f7eaf4468151123f57&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624001098-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141606234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martino Gilli , Matteo Calcaterra , Johannes Emmerling , Francesco Granella
{"title":"Climate change impacts on the within-country income distributions","authors":"Martino Gilli , Matteo Calcaterra , Johannes Emmerling , Francesco Granella","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the relationship between climate change and income inequality, recognizing that the economic impacts of climate change are not uniform across different levels of income within and across countries. Using methods from the existing literature on climate and economic growth, we analyze the economic impact of rising temperatures by within-country income decile. Our findings suggest that climate change disproportionately affects the poorer segments of the population within countries, even after accounting for a country’s ability to adapt to climate impacts, while richer households suffer lower damages. In the reference scenario without additional climate action (3.6°C warming), we estimate that climate impacts could lead to an increase in the Gini index by up to six percentage points, notably in Sub-Saharan Africa. We project impacts to 2100 through the RICE50+ model and estimate the income elasticity of impacts within countries. Our estimates indicate that climate change damages are regressive, with an income elasticity of damages of 0.6 under our preferred specification. On the other hand, climate benefits are approximately distribution-neutral or slightly progressive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009506962400086X/pdfft?md5=e6f38d333fc32211b21721a2b371f287&pid=1-s2.0-S009506962400086X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141569277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pricing for a cooler planet: An empirical analysis of the effect of taxing carbon","authors":"Torben K. Mideksa","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Finland introduced the planet’s first carbon tax in 1990 to experiment with, to most economists, the best policy to reverse carbon emissions. I estimate the causal effect of taxing carbon on Finnish emissions using the Synthetic Control Approach (Abadie, 2021). The results suggest that taxing carbon reduces emissions by big margins. Finnish emissions are 16% lower in 1995, 25% lower in 2000, and 30% lower in 2004 than emissions in the counterfactual consistent with carbon taxes whose value increasing by 20 fold in 1990–2005. The estimates suggest that the carbon tax’s abatement elasticity is about 9%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624001086/pdfft?md5=2e3faff86edc87eb01e7489f4efc6db1&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624001086-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141487684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Green Road is open: Economic Pathway with a carbon price escalator","authors":"Lucas Bretschger","doi":"10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper develops the concept of “Economic Pathways” (EPs), which characterizes theory-based scenarios for an economy that strives for decarbonization by the middle of the century. The theoretical framework derives closed-form analytical solutions for consumption, innovation, emissions, and population. The EPs differ in the stringency of assumed policies and associated income and emission development. Unlike the well-known “Shared Socioeconomic Pathways”, they allow the inclusion of important causalities between the economy and the environment and thereby considerably narrow down the scope of likely future developments. The quantitative part serves to illustrate the long-term consequences of climate policy. I show that deep decarbonization only moderately delays economic development, but requires increasing escalation of the carbon price. The paper argues that the adoption of more stringent climate policies becomes more likely as the phase-out of fossil fuels increases. The “Green Road” is not only feasible but also attractive and realistic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 103033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624001074/pdfft?md5=e7df4ed7018ab985d55ff524c200c529&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069624001074-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}