Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research最新文献

{"title":"Cloning and Functional Characterization of Chalcone Isomerase Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Clivia miniata","authors":"Yue Liu, Xinxin Xue, Chunli Zhao, Jia Zhang, Meng Liu, Xiangyu Li, Yueqing Li, Xiang Gao","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Chalcone isomerase (CHI), catalyzing isomerization of chalcones, is a crucial enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. Three CHI genes were isolated from Clivia miniata and designated as CmCHI1, CmCHI2 and CmCHI3, respectively. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis showed that CmCHI1 and CmCHI2 were members of type I CHI proteins, whereas CmCHI3 belonged to type IV CHI proteins. Subcellular localization analysis found that all three CmCHIs had diffused distribution in the cytoplasm similar to green fluorescent protein (GFP). Anthocyanin biosynthesis and gene expression analysis demonstrated that CmCHIs were highly expressed in anthocyanin accumulated tissues. To further functionally characterize the role of CmCHIs, an in vitro enzymatic activity assay was carried out using the purified recombinant proteins. Results showed that CmCHI1 and CmCHI2 could completely convert the substrate naringenin chalcone (NC) into the product naringenin (NA), whereas CmCHI3 seemed nonfunctional as no increment of NA was detected. Further genetic transformation of Arabidopsis tt5-1 mutant validated that CmCHI1 and CmCHI2 rather than CmCHI3 could complement the chi deficient phenotypes. In summary, CmCHI1 and CmCHI2 are the real active CHI genes in Clivia miniata. The results not only broaden our knowledge on flavonoid biosynthesis in C. miniata but also lay a new foundation for further flavonoid modification in C. miniata.","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88795526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the genetic architecture of developmental modularity in ornamental plants","authors":"Zhenying Wen, Libo Jiang, Mingyu Li, Ang Dong, Meixia Ye, J. Meng, Li Ping, T. Cheng, Qixiang Zhang, Lidan Sun","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Developmental modularity, i.e., coherent organization and function of developmentally related traits, is an emergent property of organismic development and evolution. However, knowledge about how modular variation and evolution are driven genetically is still limited. Here, using ornamental plants as an example, we propose a computational framework to map, visualize and annotate the genetic architecture of trait modularity by integrating modularity theory into system mapping, a statistical model for multifaceted genetic mapping of complex traits. A developmental module can be viewed as an ecosystem, in which the constituting components compete for space and resources or cooperate symbiotically to organize its function and behavior. This interactive process is quantified by mathematical models and evolutionarily interpreted by game theory. The proposed framework can test whether and how genes regulate the coordination of different but interconnected traits through their competition or cooperation to downstream developmental modularity.","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85182204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomic and metabonomic analysis revealed the relationships between biosynthesis of volatiles and flavonoid metabolites in Rosa rugosa","authors":"Deshun Feng, Hao Zhang, Xianqin Qiu, H. Jian, Qi-gang Wang, Ningning Zhou, Y. Ye, Jun Lu, Huijun Yan, K. Tang","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Rosa rugosa is not only cultivated as a landscaping plant, but also used in cosmetics, the medical and food industries. However, little information is currently available on the gene regulatory networks involved in its scent and color biosynthesis and metabolism. In this study, R. rugosa Thunb. f. rosea Rehd with red petals (RR) and its white petal variant (WR), were used to study the molecular mechanisms in flower color and scent. Sixtyfive differential flavonoid metabolites and 15 volatiles were found to have significant differences between RR and WR. Correspondingly, the key regulators (MYB-bHLH-WD40) of anthocyanin synthesis pathway and their structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, benzenoid/ phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, terpenoid biosynthesis pathways were also found to be differentially expressed by comparative transcriptome. Further, qPCR permitted the identification of some transcripts encoding proteins that were putatively associated with scent and color biosynthesis in roses. Particularly, the results showed that the ACT gene (encoding CoA geraniol/citronellol acetyltransferase, GeneID: 112190420), which expressed lower in WR, was involved in three pathways: flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and terpenoid biosynthesis, however, GT5 (anthocyanin glycosylation gene, GeneID:112186660), expressed higher in WR, was involved in both flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. These results suggested that ACT and GT5 might play important roles in regulating the relationship of color pigmentation and volatile emission. Citation: Feng D, Zhang H, Qiu X, Jian H, Wang Q, et al. 2021. Comparative transcriptomic and metabonomic analysis revealed the relationships between biosynthesis of volatiles and flavonoid metabolites in Rosa rugosa. Ornamental Plant Research 1: 5 https://doi.org/10.48130/OPR-2021-0005 INTRODUCTION Rosa rugosa, an important ornamental plant in Rosaceae, is widely used in landscaping, cosmetics, food and the medical industry, due to its unique fragrance, color and tolerance to environmental stresses[1,2]. Flower color is an important trait for plants to attract pollinators, which benefit for completing sexual-hybridization. In nature, the petals of most varieties of R. rugosa are pink and purple, only a few are white or other color[3]. The major primary compounds that influence flower colors are flavonoids, which could lead to anthocyanin accumulation and in turn contributing to flower color[4,5]. The flavonoid biosynthetic pathway finally leads to three types of anthocyanin metabolites: cyanidin, pelargonidin, and delphinidin, and these became stabilised via methylation, hydroxylation, acylation and glycosylation[6,7]. Many regulatory genes and structural genes (especially genes encoding key synthases) that participate in anthocyanin biosynthetic pathways have been identified in plants[8−12]. In rose, an anthocyanin synthase gene, F3’5’H, was expressed in a transgenic plants resulting i","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77670285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of purple-violet chrysanthemums via anthocyanin B-ring hydroxylation and glucosylation introduced from Osteospermum hybrid F3'5'H and Clitoria ternatea A3'5'GT","authors":"Xiaoying Han, Yuting Luo, Jia-Ni Lin, Huiying Wu, Hao Sun, Lijie Zhou, Sumei Chen, Z. Guan, W. Fang, Fei Zhang, Fadi Chen, Jiafu Jiang","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Chrysanthemums possess no metabolic pathway to synthesize delphinidin because of the lack of endogenous F3'5'H gene encoding the key enzyme in its biosynthetic pathway; therefore, there are no blue or blue-purple chrysanthemums occurring naturally. Currently, the introduction of exogenous F3'5'H into chrysanthemums is an efficient method for breeding bluish chrysanthemums. In this study, we explored the effects of the introduction of mutant CmF3'H (generated via site-directed mutagenesis, T485S, CmF3'Hm) and exogenous Osteospermum hybrid F3'5'H (OhF3'5'H) genes combined with Clitoria ternatea A3'5'GT (CtA3'5'GT) on delphinidin synthesis in chrysanthemum. Among the F3'5'H transgenic lines, those overexpressing endogenous CmF3'Hm could not generate blue flower color, although red color was changed to light pink due to CtA3'5'GT function. Meanwhile, OhF3'5'H introduction promoted the accumulation of delphinidin and its derivatives in chrysanthemum, changing the flower color from red-purple to purple-violet. These results indicate the applicability of exogenous OhF3'5'H and CtA3'5'GT transformation for promoting delphinidin synthesis during the molecular breeding of violet/blue chrysanthemums.","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86002812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplasia of male organs induces apomixis in Malus crabapples","authors":"Yujing Hu, Yanfen Lu, Li-Ya Chao, Zhen Wang, Yufen Bu, Jie Zhang, Wenhe Wang, Yuncong Yao","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Apomixis has high value in fruit crop propagation and breeding applications, particularly for the transgenerational fixation of heterosis. In this study, we found that flowers of the triploid Malus cultivar 'Royalty' that were bagged after emasculation (EB) and pollinated with pollen from the diploid cultivar 'Flame' (EFB) produced high fruit set and increased seed numbers per fruit. The offspring exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid sister cultivar 'Flame'. The fruit setting rate for 'Royalty' EFB was 98.44%, which was much higher than the fruit setting rate for 'Royalty' BA (Bagging without emasculation) at 19.7%. The fruit setting rate for 'Royalty' EB was 47.46% compared to 19.7% for 'Royalty' BA. Furthermore, offspring derived from either 'Royalty' EB or EFB exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid 'Flame'. These results suggested that 'Royalty' exhibits facultative apomixis and has strong sexual reproductive ability under the stimulation of foreign pollen. Additionally, 'Royalty' anthers did not dehisce after flowering and had malformed pollen grains and a low pollen germination rate. Therefore, we proposed that dysplasia of the male organ could be an important driver factor of apomixis in 'Royalty'. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of apomixis in Malus crabapples.","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77504011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutive expression of a chrysanthemum phospholipase Dα gene in Chrysanthemum morifolium enhances drought tolerance","authors":"Lisheng Zhai, Xiaocheng Zhu, Shujin Yang, C. Gu, Peng Liu, A. Song, Jiafu Jiang, Z. Guan, W. Fang, Chen Fadi, Chen Sumei","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90030492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and functional analysis of potential S genes in Chrysanthemum morifolium","authors":"Fan Wang, Nanjing China Rural Affairs, Sujuan Xu, Ze Wu, Xinghua Zhong, W. Fang, Chen Fadi, Nianjun Teng","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87030338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ornamental Plant Research Inaugural Editorial","authors":"Jianjun Chen","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78985907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of drought resistance through manipulation of the gibberellic acid pathway","authors":"Yaping Zhang, A. Norris, M. Reid, Cai-Zhong Jiang","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"42 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89532464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional verification of PlFT gene associated with flowering in herbaceous peony based on transcriptome analysis","authors":"Jing Sun, Tian Chen, Yan Wu, J. Tao","doi":"10.48130/opr-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48130/opr-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is considered to be a highly valued cut flower plant. It has large flower with rich colors. However, there has been little or no research into the genes related to its flower development. In this study, we used the Illumina HiSeq platform to analyze the RNA-Seq comparative transcriptome of the P. lactiflora 'Dafugui' in three different flowering periods. Nine cDNA libraries were established, from which 92.53 Gb data with 81,788 unigenes were obtained. We screened the genes related to P. lactiflora flowering, isolated and cloned the PlFT gene related to flowering. The total length of the PlFT gene was 592 bp, which had a complete open reading frame of 522 bp and encoded 173 amino acids. The accession number of the PlFT gene is MT249229. To test the role of PlFT, we constructed an expression vector for genetic transformation. Its expression in Arabidposis mutant indicated that PlFT was involved in the flowering of P. lactiflora. This is the first transcriptome analysis of flower development in P. lactiflora. Our results provide some fundamental information for further analyzing the molecular mechanism underlying flower development of P. lactiflora. Citation: Sun J, Chen T, Wu Y, Tao J. 2021. Identification and functional verification of PlFT gene associated with flowering in herbaceous peony based on transcriptome analysis. Ornamental Plant Research 1: 7 https://doi.org/10.48130/OPR-2021-0007 INTRODUCTION The herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.), a member of the family Paeoniaceae, is a traditional herb flowering plant and has a long history of cultivation in China. It used to grow in the Imperial Palace Garden and is known as the 'PrimeMinister of flowers'[1]. The P. lactiflora flower is elegant and beautiful with a high ornamental value. Its flowers have not only single petal, double petal, golden pistil, crown, and other flower types but also rich colors, such as white, green, pink, and yellow. Regulation of flowering of herbaceous peony can be manipulated in protected cultivation, but the production cost is high. P. lactiflora loses the stems and leaves in autumn but survives in winter as a dormant root mass as the herbaceous peony is deciduous[2]. To break the dormancy of buds in spring, it needs a long time of low temperature during dormancy to meet the winter-cold requirements[3−5]. In addition to the low temperature, application of GA3 can promote flowering[6]. For the early flowering cultivar Dafugui, 4−5 axillary buds on the top of the terminal bud developed into a primordium shape in the overwintering state. 'Dafugui' experiences flower bud differentiation, bract primordium differentiation, petal primordium formation, stamen primordium emergence and development, and pistil primordium formation from early September to April of the following year[7]. Information on flower bud differentiation and flowering regulation of herbaceous peony is helpful to provide the theoretical basis for p","PeriodicalId":15757,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86300704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}