Journal of environmental quality最新文献

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Eastern Corn Belt","authors":"Kevin King,&nbsp;Mark Williams,&nbsp;Jed Stinner,&nbsp;Kathryne Rumora","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20611","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Eastern Corn Belt (ECB) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network site is one of the most agriculturally productive areas in the United States; however, nutrient and sediment losses from this region directly contribute to water quality impairment in both the Gulf of Mexico and Lake Erie. One of the largest challenges facing agricultural production in the ECB is water management, especially under a changing climate. Shifting precipitation patterns in combination with evolving infrastructure (i.e., tile drainage, irrigation) and management (i.e., crops planted; 4R nutrient management: source, timing, rate, and placement) in response to changing climate are likely to alter water quantity and quality and agricultural productivity. Through plot- and field-scale research, the ECB Common Experiment (CE) is focused on crop, soil, and water management to support sustainable agricultural intensification, with the goal of maximizing profitability, minimizing agriculture's environmental footprint, and enhancing ecosystem services. At both spatial scales, the CE aims to examine differences in water quantity and quality between the primary prevailing crop production system in the ECB (i.e., corn [<i>Zea mays</i> L.]–soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> L.] rotation, tillage prior to corn planting, free drainage, and fertility management consistent with tri-state recommendations) and an alternative system (e.g., adding small grains into the crop rotation, cover crops, limited phosphorus fertilizer, and drainage water management). Aligning producer and stakeholders needs with research objectives and long-term data collection, the ECB CE will tackle both ongoing and newly emerging research priorities and explore the effectiveness of conservation strategies to decrease nutrient and sediment losses from agricultural land.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"851-860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Grazing Land Common Experiment at the Jornada Experimental Range: Old genetics, new precision technologies, and adaptive value chains","authors":"Sheri Spiegal,&nbsp;Rick Estell,&nbsp;Andres Cibils,&nbsp;Andrew Cox,&nbsp;Matthew M. McIntosh,&nbsp;Dawn M. Browning,&nbsp;Michael C. Duniway,&nbsp;Micah Funk,&nbsp;Lara Macon,&nbsp;Sarah E. McCord,&nbsp;Matthew Redd,&nbsp;Cindy Tolle,&nbsp;Santiago Utsumi,&nbsp;Jeremy Walker,&nbsp;Nicholas Webb,&nbsp;Brandon T. Bestelmeyer","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20605","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rangelands and the supply chains connected to them are central to the agrifood systems of the Southwestern United States. Local ranchers are simultaneously arid lands managers, herd managers, and marketing managers. To stay in business, they must adapt to unpredictable forage resources and markets while conserving soils and vegetation resources for the long term. As climate warming and drying exacerbate the complexity and difficulty of day-to-day production, producers and policymakers are seeking alternatives to “business as usual.” The Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR)-Jornada team has developed a package of strategies to help producers adapt to the local and inter-regional challenges. The package includes heritage cattle, precision ranching systems, and adaptive value chains. Five ranches across the Southwest have adopted different combinations and are partnering with LTAR and each other to measure their benefits and drawbacks in real-world conditions. Opportunities for controlled experimentation differ among the ranches, so we use LTAR's indicator system to assess and compare results. Even as we invest in co-producing knowledge about these three strategies, we recognize that progressive aridification and urbanization of Southwestern rangelands create challenges for which a single “silver bullet” of agricultural innovation is unlikely to provide durable solutions. We are learning from our customers and stakeholders about ways to adjust the development of new options.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"880-892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amendments promote Douglas-fir survival on Formosa Mine tailings","authors":"Mark G. Johnson,&nbsp;David Olszyk,&nbsp;Michael Bollman,&nbsp;Marjorie J. Storm,&nbsp;Rob A. Coulombe,&nbsp;Maliha Nash,&nbsp;Viola Manning,&nbsp;Kristin Trippe,&nbsp;Donald Watts,&nbsp;Jeffrey Novak","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20587","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20587","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While mining provides valuable metals and minerals to meet societal demands, it can cause environmental contamination from the residuals (i.e., tailings) of mining. Tailings are often acidic, laden with heavy metals, and lacking adequate nutrients and physical conditions for plant growth, precluding the establishment of plant cover to reduce the offsite movement of mining wastes. This paper describes a case study at the Formosa Mine in Douglas County, Oregon, where tailings were amended with a mixture of lime, biosolids, biochar, and microbial inoculum to facilitate establishment of Douglas-fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i> [Mirbel] Franco) seedlings. Results show that the tailings pH increased, and Douglas-fir seedlings survived and grew with these amendments. After 2 years, pH did, however, decrease in some downslope locations and was associated with an increase in tree mortality. This suggests that tailings conditions should be monitored, and amendments should be reapplied as needed, particularly in areas receiving acidic runoff from unamended upslope tailings, until the seedlings are fully established. This study not only provides a prescription for the addition of biochar and other amendments to enhance plant growth for revegetation purposes in low-pH, metal-contaminated mine tailings, but it also demonstrates a method that can be used to address similar problems at other mine sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"553-564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-density polyethylene microplastics in agricultural soil: Impact on microbes, enzymes, and carbon-nitrogen ratio","authors":"Tanushree Moharana,&nbsp;Aliva Patnaik,&nbsp;C. S. K. Mishra,&nbsp;Binayak Prasad Behera,&nbsp;Rashmi Rekha Samal","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20610","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microplastics (MPs), recognized as emerging pollutants, pose a significant threat to diverse organisms and have adverse effects on agricultural soil. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) holds a prominent position among prevalent forms of MPs. In the current investigations, the impact of HDPE was assessed at four different concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) on agricultural soil, microbial population, exoenzymes activities including amylase, cellulase, and invertase, and alteration in carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Both bacterial and fungal populations exhibited a non-concentration-dependent response to different concentrations of HDPE over time. In this study, we refer to the concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0% as HT1, HT2, HT3, and HT4, respectively. Initial MP application significantly reduced bacterial colony counts for HT1, HT2, and HT4, while HT3 showed no significant change. On the 60th day, HT1 and HT3 exhibited a higher bacterial colony count compared to the control. On the other hand, fungal populations increased to maximum on day 1 but displayed no distinct time-dependent trend from days 15 to 60. Furthermore, enzyme activities decreased with increasing concentrations of MPs over an extended period. Molecular docking studies suggest that HDPE can hinder enzyme activity by forming hydrogen bonds with enzymes. The C/N ratio was found to be significantly higher in MP-treated soils on the 60th day relative to control, suggesting relatively slower degradation of carbon compounds in the MP-treated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"711-726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pig manure degradation and carbon emission: Measuring and modeling combined aerobic–anaerobic transformations","authors":"Frederik R. Dalby,&nbsp;Sasha D. Hafner,&nbsp;Herald W. Ambrose,&nbsp;Anders Peter S. Adamsen","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20603","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Greenhouse gas emissions from liquid livestock manure storage significantly contribute to global warming. Accurate farm-scale models are essential for predicting these emissions and evaluating manure management strategies, but they rely on multiple parameters describing carbon loss dynamics. Surface respiration may significantly influence carbon loss and methane emission, yet it is not explicitly included in current models. We conducted experiments to measure pig manure surface respiration rate and its effect on organic matter degradation and methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Manure was incubated for 283 days at 10°C or 20°C under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, while measuring methane and carbon dioxide emission. This was followed by anaerobic digestion at 38°C. Surface respiration reduced the organic matter content, and the effect was temperature dependent. Methane emission was not affected by surface respiration, suggesting that substrate availability was not rate-limiting for methanogenesis. Surface respiration rates were 18.1 ± 3.5 g CO₂ m⁻² day⁻¹ at 10°C and 37.1 ± 13.1 g CO₂ m⁻² day⁻¹ at 20°C (mean ± standard deviation) and were consistent with microsensor measurements of oxygen consumption in different manure surfaces. Based on these results, temperature- and surface area-dependent respiration was incorporated in the existing anaerobic biodegradation model (ABM). Simulations showed that surface respiration accounts for 29% of carbon losses in a typical pig house and 8% for outdoor storage. Developing and refining algorithms for diverse carbon transformations, such as surface respiration, is crucial for evaluating the potential for methane emission and identification of variables that control emissions at the farm scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"589-603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141759080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ironstone and red mud barriers to reduce subsurface movement of soil phosphorus","authors":"Samantha Smith,&nbsp;Lewis Gaston,&nbsp;Jeffery Beasley,&nbsp;Jim Wang,&nbsp;Josh Padilla,&nbsp;Wenguang Sun","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20601","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20601","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Loss of phosphorus in seepage may contribute to eutrophication of downstream water bodies. This study examined the potential use of pedogenic ironstone and untreated red mud (bauxite refining residue) as P sorbents in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to mitigate such loss. Effects of ironstone and red mud on P sorption (batch), transport (columns), saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>_S), and growth of common bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon dactylon</i>; greenhouse) were examined. Both materials had sorption maxima of ∼30 mmol P kg⁻¹ or about five times that of a P-enriched sandy soil; however, sorption by red mud greatly increased with decreasing pH. Transport of P through columns of ironstone and red mud (diluted with nonreactive sand) was similar and slower compared to soil + sand. However, when red mud was mixed with soil, increased sorption at lower pH resulted in greater P retention compared to ironstone + soil (76% vs. 13%). Although addition of ironstone to soil up to 20% did not reduce <i>K</i>_S, red mud at even 5% did. Soil amendment with red mud increased bermudagrass growth and P uptake. Given long-term neutralization of red mud in an acidic soil and increased P sorption, it may be suitable in a PRB if incorporated at a low rate and/or co-incorporated with a coarser material.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"758-766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LTAR Grazing Land Common Experiment at the Central Plains Experimental Range: Collaborative adaptive rangeland management","authors":"David J. Augustine,&nbsp;Justin D. Derner,&nbsp;Lauren M. Porensky,&nbsp;David L. Hoover,&nbsp;John P. Ritten,&nbsp;Sean P. Kearney,&nbsp;Liwang Ma,&nbsp;Dannele Peck,&nbsp;Hailey Wilmer,&nbsp;the CARM Stakeholder Group","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20599","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20599","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Semiarid rangelands throughout the western Great Plains support livestock production and many other ecosystem services. The degree to which adaptive multi-paddock (AMP) grazing management approaches can help achieve desired ecosystem services remains unclear. At the Central Plains Experimental Range in northeastern Colorado, a management-science partnership with a diverse stakeholder group is comparing collaborative adaptive rangeland management (CARM), designed to incorporate AMP principles, to traditional rangeland management (TRM), consisting of season-long grazing during the growing season. Each treatment was implemented on a set of 10, 130-ha pastures paired by soils, topography, and plant communities to evaluate how CARM affects vegetation (composition and production), livestock production (steer weight gain), and wildlife habitat (vegetation structure for grassland birds). For the first 5 years of the experiment, CARM cattle were managed as a single herd using AMP grazing with planned year-long rest in 20% of the pastures. Relative to TRM, CARM enhanced heterogeneity in vegetation structure across the landscape, benefiting two grassland bird species. However, this came at the cost of 12%–16% lower steer weight gains in CARM versus TRM and declining populations of a third bird species of conservation concern in both treatments. Here we discuss how increased understanding of ecological and social processes during the experiment's first 5 years led to changes in the CARM treatment and management objectives during the next 5 years. We also discuss how innovations in remote sensing, environmental sensors, ecosystem modeling, social learning, and economic analyses are being integrated into and supported by the CARM experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"904-912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial diversity and gene abundance in denitrifying bioreactors: A comparison of the woodchip surface biofilm versus the interior wood matrix","authors":"Katie L. Duggan DiDominic,&nbsp;James P. Shapleigh,&nbsp;M. Todd Walter,&nbsp;Y. Samuel Wang,&nbsp;Matthew C. Reid,&nbsp;John M. Regan","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20600","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20600","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Excessive amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) can lead to eutrophication in water sources. Woodchip bioreactors have shown success in removing N from agricultural runoff, but less is known regarding P removal. Woodchip bioreactors are subsurface basins filled with woodchips installed downgradient of agricultural land to collect and treat drainage runoff. Microorganisms use the woodchips as a carbon (C) source to transform N in the runoff, with unresolved biological impacts on P. This study aims to explore microbial communities present in the bioreactor and determine whether milling woodchips to probe the microbial communities within them reveals hidden microbial diversities or potential activities. Metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatic analyses were performed on six woodchip samples (i.e., three unmilled and three milled) collected from a 10-year-old woodchip bioreactor treating agricultural tile drainage. All samples had similar DNA purity, yield, quality, and microbial diversity regardless of milling. However, when sequences were aligned against various protein libraries, our results indicated greater relative abundance of denitrification and P transformation proteins on the outside of the woodchips (unmilled), while the interior of woodchips (milled) exhibited more functional gene abundance for carbohydrate breakdown. Thus, it may be important to characterize microbial communities both within woodchips, and on woodchip surfaces, to gain a more holistic understanding of coupled biogeochemical cycles on N, P, and C in woodchip bioreactors. Based on these findings, we advise that future microbial research on woodchips (and potentially other permeable organic materials) examine both the surface biofilm and the interior organic material during initial studies. Once researchers determine where specific proteins or enzymes of interest are most prevalent, subsequent studies may then focus on either one or both aspects, as needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"565-576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20600","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ineffectiveness of phosphorus-containing amendments to reduce Pb bioaccessibility in an urban alkaline soil","authors":"Loryssa Lake,&nbsp;Nicholas Basta","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20598","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urban soils contaminated by historical and current anthropogenic activities present an alarming human health risk requiring redress. Federal and state governments continue to lower residential soil lead (Pb) screening standards, which will likely require new risk-based approaches to address urban soil Pb contamination. Phosphorus (P) soil amendments have long been presented as a solution to sequester Pb, thereby reducing exposure risk. In this study, P-containing sources (biosolids incinerator ash, poultry litter, biosolids compost, and triple superphosphate) of varying solubilities were assessed as soil amendments to reduce Pb bioaccessibility and serve as an inexpensive remediation strategy for urban soil. Contaminated soil (1624 mg kg⁻¹Pb, pH 7.43) from Cleveland, OH, was treated with the four P-containing soil amendments at a 1:5 Pb:P molar ratio and two combination treatments at 1:10 Pb:P molar ratio and incubated for 3 months. A batch equilibration analysis was also conducted to assess reduction in in vitro bioaccessible Pb (IVBA Pb). Pb bioaccessibility was evaluated using US EPA Method 1340 at pH 1.5 and the Physiologically Based Extraction Test pH 2.5 at 1 and 3 months. In general, treatments were ineffective in reducing IVBA Pb regardless of IVBA extraction method, incubation duration, batch equilibration analyses, or P source. The results of this study suggest P-containing amendments are not suitable to address Pb exposure in the study soil. Site-specific efficacy testing to determine reductions in IVBA Pb from P-containing amendments should be performed before making recommendations for remediation of Pb-contaminated urban soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"743-757"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of PFAS in sludge and biosolids at 12 water resource recovery facilities","authors":"Shubhashini Oza,&nbsp;Katherine Y. Bell,&nbsp;Zhiliang Xu,&nbsp;Yifei Wang,&nbsp;Martha J. M. Wells,&nbsp;John W. Norton Jr.,&nbsp;Lloyd J. Winchell,&nbsp;Qingguo Huang,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20595","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20595","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are refractory anthropogenic chemicals and current treatment processes at municipal water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) cannot efficiently degrade them, hence, these chemicals cycle through the environment. Certain PFAS can be concentrated in biosolids from WRRFs and are commonly land applied for beneficial reuse. Given recent advances in measurement of PFAS, documentation of the range of concentrations in pre-stabilized sludge and stabilized biosolids is critical to evaluating treatment best practices and assessing potential human health and ecological risks. In this study, pre-stabilized sludge and post-stabilized biosolids samples were collected from 12 major WRRFs across the United States. PFAS were analyzed using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method SW846-3500C/537.1, and Draft EPA Method 1633, by one commercial laboratory and two university research laboratories, respectively. Results comparison among laboratories demonstrated statistical differences in PFAS concentrations among split samples. For example, 5:3 FTCA (fluorotelomer carboxylic acid) concentrations in post-stabilized sludge at Lab 1 were measured at 21 ng/g (dry), while they were detected at 151 ng/g (dry) in Lab 3. Further, higher PFAS concentrations were observed in post-stabilized biosolids compared to pre-stabilized sludges, regardless of the laboratory or analysis method, even when solids destruction through solids stabilization was considered. Further research is required to refine methods for analyses of PFAS in sludge and biosolids samples from WRRFs prior to being used for development of regulatory actions as well as understanding how various treatment protocols could impact concentrations of PFAS in land-applied biosolids.</p>","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"6-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}