Journal of environmental quality最新文献_第6页

Relationships between soil test phosphorus and county-level agricultural surplus phosphorus 土壤测试磷与县级农业剩余磷之间的关系

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20622

Qicheng Tang, Owen W. Duckworth, Daniel R. Obenour, Stephanie B. Kulesza, Nathan A. Slaton, Andrew H. Whitaker, Natalie G. Nelson

{"title":"Relationships between soil test phosphorus and county-level agricultural surplus phosphorus","authors":"Qicheng Tang, Owen W. Duckworth, Daniel R. Obenour, Stephanie B. Kulesza, Nathan A. Slaton, Andrew H. Whitaker, Natalie G. Nelson","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20622","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20622","url":null,"abstract":"National nutrient inventories provide surplus phosphorus (P) estimates derived from county-scale mass balance calculations using P inputs from manure and fertilizer sales and P outputs from crop yield data. Although bioavailable P and surplus P are often correlated at the field scale, few studies have investigated the relationship between measured soil P concentrations of large-scale soil testing programs and inventory-based surplus P estimates. In this study, we assessed the relationship between national surplus P data from the NuGIS dataset and laboratory-measured soil test phosphorus (STP) at the county scale for Arkansas, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. For optimal periods of surplus P aggregation, surplus P was positively correlated with STP based on both Pearson (Arkansas: r = 0.65, North Carolina: r = 0.45, Oklahoma: r = 0.52) and Spearman correlation coefficients (Arkansas: ρ = 0.57, North Carolina: ρ = 0.28, and Oklahoma: ρ = 0.66). Based on Pearson correlations, the optimal surplus P aggregation periods were 10, 30, and 4 years for AR, NC, and OK, respectively. On average, STP was more strongly correlated with surplus P than with individual P inventory components (fertilizer, manure, and crop removal), except in North Carolina. In Arkansas and North Carolina, manure P was positively correlated with STP, and fertilizer P was negatively correlated with STP. Altogether, results suggest that surplus P moderately correlates with STP concentrations, but aggregation period and location-specific factors influence the strength of the relationship.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1127-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term continuous cropping reduces greenhouse gas emissions while sustaining crop yields 长期连作在保持作物产量的同时减少温室气体排放

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20627

Upendra M. Sainju, Brett L. Allen, Jalal D. Jabro

{"title":"Long-term continuous cropping reduces greenhouse gas emissions while sustaining crop yields","authors":"Upendra M. Sainju, Brett L. Allen, Jalal D. Jabro","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20627","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20627","url":null,"abstract":"Information is needed on the effect of long-term cropping systems on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in dryland conditions. The effect of 34 years of dryland cropping system was examined on N2O and CH4 emissions, greenhouse gas balance (GHGB), crop yield, and yield-scaled GHG balance (YSGB) from 2016–2017 to 2017–2018 in the US northern Great Plains. Cropping systems were no-till continuous spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (NTCW), no-till spring wheat-pea (Pisum sativum L.) (NTWP), and conventional till spring wheat-fallow (CTWF). Gases were sampled twice a week to once a month throughout the year using a static chamber and flux determined. Soil C sequestration rate at 0–10 cm was determined from samples taken in 2012 and 2019. The N2O emissions occurred immediately after planting, fertilization, and intense rainfall from May to September in both years when the emissions greater for NTCW and NTWP than CTWF. The CH4 emissions were minimal and mostly negative throughout the year. Carbon sequestration rate was positive for NTCW and NTWP due to greater C input, but negative for CTWF due to rapid C mineralization. As a result, GHGB was 170%–362% lower for NTCW than NTWP and CTWF. Annualized crop yield was 23%–60% greater for NTWP than NTCW and CTWF in 2016–2017, but not different among cropping systems in 2017–2018. The YSGB was also 129%–132% lower for NTCW and NTWP than CTWF in both years. Because of greater annualized crop yield, but lower GHG emissions, NTWP is recommended for reducing GHG emissions while sustaining long-term dryland crop yields in the northern Great Plains.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1073-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20627","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current trends and patterns of PFAS in agroecosystems and environment: A review 农业生态系统和环境中全氟辛烷磺酸的当前趋势和模式：综述

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20607

Jackson C. Verley, Everald McLennon, Kathleen S. Rein, Johane Dikgang, Vanaja Kankarla

{"title":"Current trends and patterns of PFAS in agroecosystems and environment: A review","authors":"Jackson C. Verley, Everald McLennon, Kathleen S. Rein, Johane Dikgang, Vanaja Kankarla","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20607","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20607","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are one of the more well-known highly persistent organic pollutants with potential risks to agroecological systems. These compounds are of global concern due to their persistence and mobility, and they often lead to serious impacts on environmental, agricultural, and human health. In the past 20 years, the number of science publications on PFAS has risen; despite this, certain fundamental questions about PFAS occurrence, sources, mechanism of transport, and impacts on agroecosystems and the societies dependent on them are still open and evolving. There is a lack of systematic and comprehensive analysis of these concerns in agroecosystems. Therefore, we reviewed the current literature on PFAS with a focus on agroecosystems; our review suggests that PFASs are nearly ubiquitous in agricultural systems. We found the current research has limitations in analyzing PFAS in complex matrices because of their small size, distribution, and persistence within various environmental systems. There is consistency in the properties and composition of PFAS in and around agroecosystems, suggesting evidence of shared sources and similar components within different tropic levels. The introduction of new and varied sources of PFAS appear to be growing, adding to their residual accumulation in environmental matrices and leading to possible new types of chemical compounds that are difficult to assess accurately. This review determines existing research trends, understands mechanisms and incidence of PFAS within agroecosystems and their impact on human health, and thereby recommends further studies to remedy research gaps.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"54 1","pages":"80-107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of earthworm population density on the performance of vermifiltration for treating liquid dairy manure 蚯蚓种群密度对蚯蚓过滤处理液态奶牛粪便性能的影响

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20626

Gilbert J. Miito, Femi Alege, Joe Harrison, Pius Ndegwa

{"title":"Influence of earthworm population density on the performance of vermifiltration for treating liquid dairy manure","authors":"Gilbert J. Miito, Femi Alege, Joe Harrison, Pius Ndegwa","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20626","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20626","url":null,"abstract":"The dairy industry has seen notable changes in the last couple of decades, including increased size of farms and regional concentrations of dairies. This has resulted in substantial manure production in small geographical areas, raising environmental concerns. Vermifiltration, an emerging low cost and eco-friendly technology for treating wastewater, was evaluated to assess the influence of earthworm population density on the performance of a laboratory-scale vermifilter treating liquid dairy manure. We monitored the reduction efficiencies of various components, including total nitrogen (TN), ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N), total phosphorus (TP), orthophosphate (ortho-P), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solids (TS), and total suspended solids (TSS), in treated dairy wastewater. This evaluation was conducted at 0; 5000; 10,000; and 15,000 earthworm densities per cubic meter (m−3) of bedding. Reduction efficiencies of 41%–89% (TN), 46%–86% (NH4+-N), 34%–74% (NO3−-N), 3%–17% (TP), 18%–38% (ortho-P), 35%–66% (COD), 24%–54% (TS), and 50%–87% (TSS) were observed with higher earthworm densities exhibiting greater reduction efficiencies. Notably, the densities of Eisenia fetida at 10,000 and 15,000 earthworms m−3 showed no significant difference in vermifilter performance. This suggests that increasing the Eisenia fetida density beyond 10,000 earthworms m−3 may not further improve the vermifilter's performance in treating dairy wastewater. This study's findings indicate that using vermifiltration with an earthworm population density of 10,000 earthworms m−3 could effectively mitigate the negative environmental impact of liquid dairy wastewater at a low cost and sustainably.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1176-1187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142215866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin–St. Paul 密西西比河上游流域-圣保罗的 LTAR 耕地共同试验

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20615

Brent J. Dalzell, John M. Baker, Rodney T. Venterea, Kurt A. Spokas, Gary W. Feyereisen, Pamela J. Rice, Jonathan R. Alexander

{"title":"The LTAR Cropland Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin–St. Paul","authors":"Brent J. Dalzell, John M. Baker, Rodney T. Venterea, Kurt A. Spokas, Gary W. Feyereisen, Pamela J. Rice, Jonathan R. Alexander","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20615","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20615","url":null,"abstract":"The Soil and Water Management Research Unit of the USDA-Agricultural Research Service is located in St. Paul, MN, and conducts long-term research at the University of Minnesota Research and Outreach Center located at Rosemount, MN. As part of USDA's Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network, the croplands common experiment (CCE) at this location is focused on integration of a kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) living mulch (KCLM) system into the prevailing 2-year rotation of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) that is typical of the midwestern Corn Belt. The LTAR-CCE conducted at Rosemount, MN, aims to compare the long-term environmental and agronomic performance of KCLM while identifying challenges and developing management strategies for this alternative practice. The use of a living mulch for this region is advantageous because, once established, it does not require additional time for fall field operations typically associated with winter cover crops. Results from LTAR-CCE studies at this site show that KCLM results in a substantial increase in soil field-saturated hydraulic conductivity and decreases in leaching of nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−-N). Disadvantages of the KCLM system include potential for increased emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and reduced crop yields, particularly during drought. Also, the optimal approach for crop row establishment in the spring remains uncertain. Ongoing LTAR-CCE research with KCLM aims to better understand and quantify both benefits and risks across conditions of interannual weather variability and changing climate to develop guidance for suitable adoption and management of this alternative practice.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1008-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microplastics and nanoplastics in soil: Sources, impacts, and solutions for soil health and environmental sustainability 土壤中的微塑料和纳米塑料：土壤健康和环境可持续性的来源、影响和解决方案。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20625

Soumitra Nath, Kingsley Erhons Enerijiofi, Ashim Das Astapati, Anupam Guha

{"title":"Microplastics and nanoplastics in soil: Sources, impacts, and solutions for soil health and environmental sustainability","authors":"Soumitra Nath, Kingsley Erhons Enerijiofi, Ashim Das Astapati, Anupam Guha","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20625","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20625","url":null,"abstract":"The present review discusses the growing concern of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in soil, together with their sources, concentration, distribution, and impact on soil microorganisms, human health, and ecosystems. MPs and NPs can enter the soil through various pathways, such as agricultural activities, sewage sludge application, and atmospheric deposition. Once in the soil, they can accumulate in the upper layers and affect soil structure, water retention, and nutrient availability. The presence of MPs and NPs in soil can also have ecological consequences, acting as carriers for pollutants and contaminants, such as heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. Additionally, the leaching of chemicals and additives from MPs and NPs can pose public health risks through the food web and groundwater contamination. The detection and analyses of MPs and NPs in soil can be challenging, and methods involve spectroscopic and microscopy techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. To mitigate the presence and effects of MPs and NPs in soil, it is essential to reduce plastic waste production, improve waste management practices, and adopt sustainable agricultural practices. Effective mitigation measures include implementing stricter regulations on plastic use, promoting biodegradable alternatives, and enhancing recycling infrastructure. Additionally, soil amendments, such as biochar and compost, can help immobilize MPs and NPs, reducing their mobility and bioavailability. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of these emerging environmental issues and identify potential solutions to alleviate their impact on soil health, ecosystem functioning, and community health.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1048-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial heterogeneity in sediment phosphorus pools and phosphatase activity in a eutrophic reservoir 富营养化水库中沉积磷库和磷酸酶活性的空间异质性。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20621

Abagael N. Pruitt, Kynser Wahwahsuck, Samantha G. Thomas, Amy J. Burgin

{"title":"Spatial heterogeneity in sediment phosphorus pools and phosphatase activity in a eutrophic reservoir","authors":"Abagael N. Pruitt, Kynser Wahwahsuck, Samantha G. Thomas, Amy J. Burgin","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20621","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20621","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is necessary for food production, but agricultural inputs of phosphorus (P) to waterways can lead to harmful algal blooms in downstream reservoirs. Some of the P that enters these water bodies can be stored in reservoir sediments and later contribute to internal P loading, supplementing external P loads carried in from rivers. Increased P can lead to harmful algal blooms. However, how P is cycling in the sediment of these water bodies varies spatially and temporally has been relatively unstudied. Our objective was to understand how P concentration and form vary spatiotemporally, as well as how P is processed in the sediment of the reservoir. We sampled 30 locations in both August and October 2018 around Milford Reservoir (Kansas), a man-made eutrophic reservoir with frequent harmful algal blooms. We collected water chemistry samples, field measurements of temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, and sediment samples to analyze for P chemical speciation and phosphatase enzyme activity. We show that P release by phosphatase activity was higher under anaerobic and basic conditions, which subsequently affects spatiotemporal variation in sediment P pools. We found that low oxygen positively influenced phosphatase activity and sediment P pools, and may drive high internal P loading and harmful algal blooms in the summer months. This research increased our understanding of P cycling in a reservoir highly impacted by agricultural inputs and contributed to a small but growing body of research on internal P loading in midwestern reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"1140-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142108000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utilizing biochars to stabilize mercury in contaminated floodplain sediment: Implications on mercury remediation 利用生物炭稳定受污染洪泛区沉积物中的汞：对汞修复的影响

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20616

Brittany E. Jensen, Breann Spencer, Xiaoyu Xu

{"title":"Utilizing biochars to stabilize mercury in contaminated floodplain sediment: Implications on mercury remediation","authors":"Brittany E. Jensen, Breann Spencer, Xiaoyu Xu","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20616","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20616","url":null,"abstract":"Major weather events contribute to the mobility and remobilization of legacy mercury (Hg) contamination and sequestration within sediments. Remediation using biochar as a soil amendment is a useful technique to immobilize and decrease Hg toxicity. This study explored whether biochar application is effective at stabilizing labile mercury (LaHg) from floodplain sediment. Controlled mesocosms simulating contamination events and flooding conditions were conducted. Floodplain sediment, which experiences annual periodic flooding, was collected. Sediment was spiked with inorganic Hg, applied with different types of biochar, and experienced simulated flooding events. Four types of biochar, pure rice husk (RH), pure peanut hull (PH), sulfur-modified rice husk (SMRH), and sulfur-modified peanut hull (SMPH), were applied at 10 and 40 g/kg rates (i.e., RH 10, RH 40; PH 10, PH 40, SMRH 10, SMRH 40, SMPH 10, SMPH 40). Total Hg, methylmercury, and LaHg concentrations were analyzed by coupling with redox potential measurements. Results indicate that SMRH 10, PH 10, PH 40, SMPH 10, and SMPH 40 successfully remediate Hg by stabilizing and reducing LaHg species from floodplain sediment. However, a high Hg methylation potential was observed with unsulfated and sulfated peanut hulls (PH 10, PH 40, SMPH 10, and SMPH 40), as they tend to create a reducing microenvironment that favors sulfate reduction reactions. Additionally, sulfur-modified biochar tends to promote Hg methylation potential at high application rates (i.e., 40 g/kg). We thus recommend using SMRH at a relatively low application rate (SMRH 10) for the remediation of Hg from floodplain sediment.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"684-696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fate and transport of fragmented and spherical microplastics in saturated gravel and quartz sand 饱和砾石和石英砂中碎片和球形微塑料的归宿和迁移。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20618

Ahmad Ameen, Margaret E. Stevenson, Alexander K. T. Kirschner, Stefan Jakwerth, Julia Derx, Alfred P. Blaschke

{"title":"Fate and transport of fragmented and spherical microplastics in saturated gravel and quartz sand","authors":"Ahmad Ameen, Margaret E. Stevenson, Alexander K. T. Kirschner, Stefan Jakwerth, Julia Derx, Alfred P. Blaschke","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20618","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20618","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics in urban runoff undergo rapid fragmentation and accumulate in the soil, potentially endangering shallow groundwater. To improve the understanding of microplastic transport in groundwater, column experiments were performed to compare the transport behavior of fragmented microplastics (FMPs ∼1-µm diameter) and spherical microplastics (SMPs ∼1-, 10-, and 20-µm diameter) in natural gravel (medium and fine) and quartz sand (coarse and medium). Polystyrene microspheres were physically abraded with glass beads to mimic the rapid fragmentation process. The experiments were conducted at a constant flow rate of 1.50 m day−1 by injecting two pore volumes of SMPs and FMPs. Key findings indicate that SMPs showed higher breakthrough, compared to FMPs in natural gravel, possibly due to size exclusion of the larger SMPs. Interestingly, FMPs exhibited higher breakthrough in quartz sand, likely due to tumbling and their tendency to align with flow paths, while both sizes (larger and smaller relative to FMPs) of SMPs exhibited higher removal in quartz sand. Therefore, an effect due to shape and size was observed.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 5","pages":"727-742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jeq2.20618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The LTAR Integrated Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin-Platteville 密西西比河上游流域普拉特维尔 LTAR 综合共同实验。

IF 2.2 4区环境科学与生态学

Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20620

Dennis L. Busch, Kishan Mahmud, Jane M. F. Johnson, Athanasios Papanicolaou, John M. Baker, Andrew D. Cartmill

{"title":"The LTAR Integrated Common Experiment at Upper Mississippi River Basin-Platteville","authors":"Dennis L. Busch, Kishan Mahmud, Jane M. F. Johnson, Athanasios Papanicolaou, John M. Baker, Andrew D. Cartmill","doi":"10.1002/jeq2.20620","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jeq2.20620","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative agronomic practices are needed to address the various climatic, agronomic, edaphic, and water quality related challenges faced by the dairy farmers of the Driftless Area (DA) in the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB). These practices should be innovative in nature, inclusive of regional stakeholders, and sustainable to meet the future food and climate related challenges of Wisconsin agriculture. Here, we outline our Integrated (grazing and cropland) Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Common Experiment at the University of Wisconsin-Platteville Pioneer Farm (UW-P PF) in the UMRB and describe our collaboration in this USDA network. In this field-scale experiment, we are comparing the conventional dairy production system common to this region (i.e., corn-on-corn [Zea mays L.] for 4 years, followed by alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.] for 3 years, with no cover crops) with two alternative dairy production systems—(1) soil health management with no-till, cover crops, and application of a novel manure-based nutrient-rich stable product, and (2) management intensive grazing—and rotational grazing on pastures established with diverse forage–legume mix. Meteorological, edaphic, hydrologic, and agronomic data are collected and analyzed at regular frequencies. Going forward, the experiment will continue as a form of stakeholder-driven adaptive research and receive evaluation on a regular basis to determine whether any changes are required to address the “real-world” challenges faced by the farmers in the Midwest.","PeriodicalId":15732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental quality","volume":"53 6","pages":"999-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0