{"title":"Production of xylitol from D-xylulose by Mycobacterium smegmatis","authors":"Ken Izumori, Keiji Tuzaki","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90126-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90126-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Mycobacterium smegmatis</em> transformed <span>D</span>-xylulose to xylitol in washed cell reactions under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The yield of xylitol reached about 70% in anaerobic conditions (in N<sub>2</sub>) by cells grown on media containing xylitol or <span>D</span>-mannitol. Cells immobilized with Ca-alginate had almost the same activity of xylitol production as washed cells.</p><p>Xylitol was produced from <span>D</span>-xylose using commercial immobilized <span>D</span>-xylose isomerase from <em>Bacillus coagulans</em> and immobilized cells of <em>M. smegmatis</em>. From 10 g of <span>D</span>-xylose, 4 g of xylitol was produced and 5 g of <span>D</span>-xylose remained in the reaction mixture; no <span>D</span>-xylulose was detected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90126-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86061637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability of plasmid-bearing microorganisms in batch and continuous cultures","authors":"Pi-Chao Wang, Hisao Ohtake, Kiyoshi Toda","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90131-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90131-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The stability of five microbial strains bearing a domestic and/or exotic plasmid was investigated in continuous culture to obtain basic information on the fate of genetically engineered microorganisms released in the natural environment.</p><p>The three strains with an exotic plasmid were constructed by the conjugal or mobilized transfer of conjugative plasmid R100-1 and non-conjugative plasmid RSF2124. Plasmid loss occurred only at the declining growth phase of batch culture of the transconjugants; the ratio of plasmid-free cells was 40–50% at the end of the culture, independent of the strains, whereas the plasmid in the native host cells was maintained at almost 100% of stability.</p><p>In continuous culture of the transconjugant cells, the population ratio of plasmid-free cells at the pseudo-steady state was between 5–80% depending on the strain. The plasmid-bearing cells were not washed out of the continuous fermentor for 43 generations but maintained their quasi-stable concentration with some degree of oscillation. Simultaneous loss and retransfer of the plasmid from and to its host cells is suggested for the explanation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"Pages 63-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90131-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86636879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Culture conditions of Aspergillus oryzae for production of enzyme preparation","authors":"Tadanobu Nakadai, Seiichi Nasuno","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90085-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90085-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Submerged culture was better than solid culture in the production of proteinase and peptidases from <em>Aspergillus oryzae</em> 460. On the contrary, solid culture was better than submerged culture in the production of α-amylase, carboxymethyl cellulase, and pectinlyase from the same fungus.</p><p>The soy souce mash <em>(moromi)</em> made with the enzyme preparation from submerged culture was highly viscous and the soy sauce produced was characteristic in low contents of alcohol and reducing sugar, low pH value, and less aroma. Soy sauce made with the enzyme preparation from solid culture was superior on these points to that from submerged culture.</p><p>Wheat bran was best as the raw material for the enzyme preparation in easy <em>koji</em> making, large amount produced, and low cost.</p><p>In enzyme production from a solid culture, addition of urea (0.8% to wheat bran) nearly doubled the leucine aminopeptidase for Leu-Gly-Gly. The incubation period was reduced to 30 to 40 h from 50 to 60 h using germinated spores and moisture-controlled culture with forced aeration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 525-533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90085-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79619207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grain spirits making with use of uncooked maize and its flavor components","authors":"Akira Nose, Kimio Iwano, Satoshi Shinoki, Mitsuo Hirai, Kiyoshi Yoshizawa","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90076-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90076-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 6","pages":"Pages 685-686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90076-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"102399493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethanol production in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose with temperature profiling","authors":"Shih Yow Huang, Jyn Chern Chen","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90083-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90083-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of temperature on enzymatic saccharification of cellulose and simulataneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) were investigated with 100 g·<em>l</em><sup>−1</sup> Solka Floc, 5g·<em>l</em><sup>−1</sup><em>Trichoderma reesei</em> cellulase, and <em>Zymomonas mobilis</em> ATCC 29191. The following results were obtained: 1) Ethanol fermentation under glucose dificient conditions can proceed for more than 100 h at 30°C but gradually ceases after 50 h of operation at 40°C. 2) Equivalent glucose yield based on cellulose for SSF operated at its optimum temperature (37°C) is higher than that for enzymatic saccharification of cellulose at the same temperature by 32%. However, the same equivalent glucose yields were obtained for both processes if they were operated at their respective optimum temperature. 3) SSF with temperature cycling increased the ethanol productivity but gave similar ethanol yield to SSF at 37°C. 4) SSF with temperature profiling gave an ethanol yield of 0.32 g·g<sup>−1</sup> and cellulose use of 0.86 g·g<sup>−1</sup> which were increased by 39% and 34% over SSF with temperature cycling and at 37°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages 509-516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90083-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89804384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxidation of Hydroxylamine by Pseudomonas putida","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90097-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90097-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Page 596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90097-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136914361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Author and subject index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90098-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90098-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 5","pages":"Pages I-II"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90098-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136914362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cooling aspects of solid-state cultures of mesophilic and thermophilic fungi","authors":"W. Grajek","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90072-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90072-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cooling air requirements in solid-state cultures of filamentous fungi were studied. The growth conditions of <em>Trichonderma viride</em> TS, <em>Thermoascus aurantiacus</em> and <em>Sporotrichum (Chrysosporium) thermophile</em> in sugar-beet pulp medium were estimated. Heat generation and heat removal in relation to water activity of the medium are discussed. Heat removal from the culture media was due to enthalpy changes and water vapourization. Changes in the water sorption properties in the solid media during the fermentation process are presented. It was estimated that in real solid-state conditions the requirement for cooling air in a mesophilic culture is 2-fold higher than that under thermophilic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 6","pages":"Pages 675-679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90072-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72986977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Continuous CH4 Production from H2 and CO2 by Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum in a fixed-bed reactor","authors":"Hae Sung Jee, Naomichi Nishio, Shiro Nagai","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90054-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90054-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methanation of H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> by <em>Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum</em> ΔH was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor (31 mm<em>φ</em> × 180 mm H) packed with granular diatomaceous earth clay (2–3 mmφ) as a support material. The maximum methane production rate obtained was <span><math><mtext>5.2 </mtext><mtext>l</mtext><mtext>l</mtext></math></span> bed volume/h, while a conversion rate reaching up to some 80% of the theoretical value was achieved by controlling the feed rate of the substrate gas throughout the culture period. After cultivation methanogen cells were fixed almost homogeneously on the whole of the support material, giving 30 mg dry cell/cm<sup>3</sup> packed support.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 2","pages":"Pages 235-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90054-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82174828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of d-tagatose from d-galactitol by Mycobacterium smegmatis","authors":"Ken Izumori, Keiji Tsuzaki","doi":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90052-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0385-6380(88)90052-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Mycobacterium smegmatis</em> grown on <span>l</span>-sorbose oxidized <span>d</span>-galactitol to <span>d</span>-tagatose in a washed cell reaction with a yield of 60%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15702,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fermentation Technology","volume":"66 2","pages":"Pages 225-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0385-6380(88)90052-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84492538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}