Advances in Obesity, Weight Management & Control 最新文献

{"title":"Covid-19 and obesity","authors":"H. Makhlouki","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00372","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 virus has affected almost 35 million people resulting in the death of more than a million people. It started in 2019 in China and spread quickly worldwide. It has become the most extensive healthcare concern of the 21st century and has effectively caused trouble and loss to human life and challenges to health authorities as well. The Covid-19 virus can spread from one person to another, but older and obese people are at higher risk of severe disease and death. Research has shown that obese people are at higher risk of getting Covid and becoming severely ill because they have less capacity to fight off the diseases and infections than healthy weight people. One of the biggest reasons behind this is that the immune system weakens with increasing weight, which makes the obese person more susceptible to the disease. Consequently, the immunologic changes can be both in younger obese and older people. In addition, research has also shown that obese people store a lot of substances within their fat cells. They release more substances than they produce. This substance circulate into the blood and bind with the immune cells, which release the inflammatory factors. According to new research, obese people have to face a tough time fighting the Coronavirus even if they have a milder form of the virus. The research of more than 500 corona patients, teens and adults who were obese had severe symptoms as compared to those who were healthy weight. Certain lifestyle changes keep the body healthy and strengthen the immune system, especially during this pandemic, such as: balanced and healthy food, exercising and proper sleep. Because of the absence or lack of these practices can increase obesity and weight. On the other hand, weight loss can also improve blood pressure cholesterol levels and improve heart health. It can also reduce the severe Covid illness.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management & Control ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130180282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and childhood obesity","authors":"R. Marks","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00362","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood obesity, which is on the rise, is a risk factor for, as well as a possible negative outcome, of the restrictions enacted to protect against the novel corona virus 19 infectious disease [COVID-19]. To examine this premise the PUBMED and GOOGLE SCHOLAR data bases were sourced for relevant data published between January 2020 and March 2022 on the topic of COVID-19 and childhood obesity. These data bases show most current publications tend to portray a negative impact of COVID-19 lockdown policies on childhood obesity prevalence and outcomes. Many calls are hence being made for urgent efforts to mitigate a possible tsunami of chronic ill health and pain both in the short term, as well as in the long term among the millions of currently affected overweight children.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management & Control ","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122686422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of energy consumption, macronutrients, and supplements intakes among university hockey players","authors":"Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2022.12.00359","url":null,"abstract":"This study was a cross - sectional study involving hockey players among students at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) using convenient sampling method. Data were collected by using questionnaire consists of five parts including sociodemographic, physical activity, anthropometric measurement, dietary intake records and supplement intakes. The collected data was statistically analysed using t-test and descriptive statistic to assess the daily intake of energy, macronutrients and as appropriate for each question on the questionnaire. The male players remained more active than females and similarly, the some of the male players were overweight and the females were underweight. The daily energy intake was significantly (P<0.001) higher for males than for females. The energy intake of male respondents exceeded the recommended value in the RNI Malaysia 2005 whereas for female respondents it was significantly (P<0.001) lower. When the energy intake of the male and female players was compared with the FIH & RNI, it was significantly (P<0.001) lower. For the protein intake, both group of respondents, males and females, did achieve the recommended value of the protein intake in a day and consumed significantly lower FIH. Lastly, the male respondents have higher percentage of consumption of nutritional supplement, with 54.5 %, as compared to the female respondents, with only 45.5% who consumed nutritional supplements. Compared to standard references, there was significant difference between energy (kcal), macronutrients (g) and macronutrients (expressed as % of total calorie intake) to the recommended value. Majority of the nutritional supplement consumer obtained information from trusted source. Therefore, nutritional education related to supplements is necessary to prevent any health-related problem and overused/abuse of supplements.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130355517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential and epigenetic alterations of plant phytochemicals (as epi-drugs) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review","authors":"Kulvinder Kochar Kaur","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00355","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a significant escalation of type2 diabetes mellitus( T2DM), all over the world in particular more recently, secondary to population, age, obesity in addition to the sedentary life styles stranges. The determination as per the projections has been that 230 million people would be diabetic by the year2030. The properties of T2DM are dysfunctional pancreatic β cells function in addition to insulin liberation, hyperglycemia along with insulin resistance as well as recently, the epigenetics control pancreatic β cells differentiation has got emphasized as being implicated. Currently it is clear that various bioactive molecules, that are in plenty of amounts in plants that get utilized as foods or infusions, possess crucial part in histone modifications as well as DNA methylation, thus make up potential agents to work as epidrugs. Having earlier reviewed the epigenetic modes seen in DiabeticNephropathy so here we conducted a systematic review utilizing search engine pubmed, google scholar ;web of science; embase; Cochrane review library utilizing the MeSH terms like phytochemicals ;epidrugs; T2DM; epigenetics alterations inDM;Resveratrol; polyphenols; licorice; fenugreek;citrus fruits; green tea;ginger from 1990’still date in 2021. We found a total of 3050 articles out of which we selected 151 articles for this review. No meta-analysis was done. Thus we have summarized the epigenetic alterations seen in T2DM per se We have tried to review drugs like polyphenols, garlic, tea, resveratrol, anthrocyanins, liquorice, fenugreek that possess he capacity of avoidance or treatment of T2DM both in vivo, awa in vitro studies. The major observations, despite certain contradictory outcomes seem that these epidrugs possess roles to act either as complementary/replacement treatment for the usual oral hypoglycemic agents with negligible adverse actions. Actually these natural epidrugs seem to avoid or postpone the generation of disease, in addition to the morbidity that is correlated with the impairment of blood vessels, eyes as well as kidneys secondary to sustenance of hyperglycemia in case of patients with T2DM.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120951534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin C and obesity: problems and solutions","authors":"R. Marks","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00353","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health and financial and social costs and ramifications remains an immense challenge to mitigate effectively. Multiple interventions to offset obesity, and to mitigate its negative impact, while studied and implemented for many years, have generally failed to eliminate this growing global epidemic. Alternately, interventions that can limit the onset of obesity, or help to reduce this where present, including efforts to contain pain, depression, and lack of energy, would appear of high significance. Studied for over 40 years, various anti oxidants are proving to be of possible adjunctive benefit in efforts to reduce excess weight, and associated inflammatory responses, pain, and depression that are encountered by overweight persons. This mini review discusses some findings regarding vitamin C or ascorbic acid, a key ingredient of fruits and vegetables, and whether more emphasis on ensuring adequate vitamin C intake has a possible role in attenuating selected correlates of the global obesity burden. Extracted from current literature, it is concluded that this is a field of significant promise, but one requiring more insightful research, multiple intervention approaches, and dedicated collaborators.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124876509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What are we missing in treating diabetes? inflammatory nature of diabetes as a new medical hypothesis","authors":"Ahed J Alkhatib","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00344","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the researcher reviewed the literature regarding the inflammatory nature underlying initiation and progression of diabetes. Although several studies have addressed the existence of inflammatory nature of diabetes either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, clinical implications of such therapeutic strategies are not involved in guideline of diabetic therapeutic strategies. Due to the importance of diabetes as a health problem that impacts the world, this review is an attempt to raise crucial questions regarding considering in clinical practice the involvement of anti-inflammatory medications seriously and to conduct more clinical and basic studies to confirm the same issues.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132328961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An aspect of nutrition and main food sweeteners in the diet","authors":"N. Çağlarırmak","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2021.11.00336","url":null,"abstract":"Food additives are factors in both health reason and food production. Sweeteners are utilized in large scale because of biochemistry, production, obesity, food structure, economy, functional property, and research and development efforts of food industry. Intake of high calorie nutrients such as sugar in the nutrition are important factors against increasing trends of obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes and some of chronic diseases. In healthy nutrition, the sufficient calorie intake must be recommended for basal metabolism and usual daily activities due to individual and environment conditions. Sweeteners are also food additives and using commonly for low calorie nutrition or from other reasons such as bulk of foods. natural sweeteners can be suggested such as stevia, together with balanced and low calorie diet including vegetables, and other food types due to diet originality that change in different societies, economies, regions and education levels of people. Traditional nutrition such as Mediterranean diet can be recommended for balanced diet. This topic was reviewed under light of literature.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"75 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sampled Southern Nigeria population weight and adiposity report: a review","authors":"Kingsley Chukwunonso AGU","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2020.10.00300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2020.10.00300","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the eighth most populous country in the world, yet there is a paucity of published research about its demography by Reed & Mberu, and especially, weight and adiposity distribution. This gap in information triggered this review. Obesity and overweight prevalence in young adult Nigerians has been grossly reported, generating the fear of decline in productivity of the working age group, due to health challenges resulting from overweight and dyslipidemia. Age and gender has significant influence on the body weights of population and could considered during national health planning. Obesity and overweight prevalence in young adult Nigerians has been grossly reported, generating the fear of decline in productivity of the working age group, due to health challenges resulting from overweight and dyslipidemia. Thus, an urgent information generation and enlightenment on this should be seriously considered by the Health Ministry of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128778746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of partial replacement of fat in sausage diet with different flours at 5%, 10% and 15% level of inclusion on performance, hematological and serum biochemistry of wistar albino rat","authors":"Olusegun D Oshibanjo, Akinfolarin B, I. Adesope, L. Abegunde, Izang Atang Iliya","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2020.10.00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2020.10.00297","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for functional meats with reduced Animal Fat (AF) has increased globally. Chronic health disorders are often associated with high levels of dietary AF in meat products such as beef sausage (BS). Functional beef sausage (FBS) could be produced with alternative flours as replacer for AF. Effect of partial replacement of fat in sausage diet with different flours at 5%, 10% and 15% level of inclusion on performance, hematological and serum biochemistry of Wister albino rat was evaluated. The BS (g/100g: beef 65.0, lard 20.0, sodium chloride (SC) 2.0, others 13.0) was used. The FBS were developed using Wheat flour (WF), Irish potato flour (IPF) or corn flour (CF) at 5%, 10% and 15% to replace fat (lard) in beef sausage recipe. Functional properties of the flour were carried out using standard procedure. 60 weaned male albino rats (Wister strain) weighing between 60 - 62g were purchased. The rats were allotted to 12 dietary treatments with 6 rats per treatment in a completely randomised design. The study lasted 21 days and changes in their body weight were recorded. Feed Intake (FI), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Intake (PI) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) were calculated. At the end of the feeding period, the animals were fasted of feed for 12 hours before blood samples were collected for hematological and serum biochemical analysis. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05.Irish potato flour was significantly higher in bulk density, oil retention, foaming capacity, oil absorption capacity and emulsion activities compared to other flours. Corn flour was statistically higher (P<0.05) in water retention, foam stability and water absorption capacity. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in all the hematological indices except for red blood cell which had similar values (P>0.05). However, there were no consistent trend observed in white blood cell count and its differential counts, which were rather fluctuating. Rats fed Irish potato based sausage had the highest Alanine Amino transferase (ALT) value while rats fed wheat based sausage diet had the lowest ALT of 11.87i.u/L. The Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) assay of rats reveals that rats fed casein-based diet and lard-based sausage had the highest AST values of 7.30i.u/L each with least AST in rats fed protein deficient diet. The urea value for rats on the casein-based diet was the highest (45.29 mg/dL) with least value in rats fed corn-based sausage diet. Rats fed wheat-based sausage had the highest cholesterol (107.97mg/dL), while corn-based sausage had the lowest cholesterol value of 56.16 mg/dL. Corn based breakfast sausage diet was higher (P<0.05) in protein efficiency ratio with least score in protein deficient diet. Corn-based sausage had the highest biological value (95.68) with protein deficient diet having the least value (15.49).It was observed that rats fed corn-based breakfast sausage had the highest gained weight of 27g, while rats ","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"93 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125975143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an arm cycloergometer session on morbid obese women (acute exercise effect on morbid obese women)","authors":"Felipe Monnerat Marino Rosa, Jose Carlos Quaresma, Joao Regis, Ivar Carneiro, Valéria Bender Braulio, Fábio ANDRÉ CASTILHA, Denise Pires de Carvalho, J. Fernandes Filho, Renato Vidal Linhares","doi":"10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/aowmc.2019.09.00292","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The number of morbidly obese individuals has risen in percentages in comparison with different obesity levels and there are very few studies exploring the possibilities of physical exercise for such population. Objectives: Verify the possibility of morbid obese to perform a 30-minute session of mild to moderate continuous aerobic exercise, analyzing the Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC) 30 minutes after exercise in addition to the acute cardiovascular effects. Materials and methods: A clinical study was developed with 14 obese, morbidly sedentary pre-bariatric surgery women, aged between 28 and 51 years old. The patients took part in a clinical analysis, which consisted of body composition, maximal stress test and a 30 minutes-exercise session in an arm cycle ergometer, preceded by 3 minutes of warm up before any physical examination. A mild to moderate intensity was used at a reserve heart rate (HR) between 55 and 69% of maximal heart rate at moderate intensity. Energy exercise expenditure, EPOC, and the acute responses of the HR, blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation were checked and analyzed. Results: Out the 15 patients evaluated, 14 were able to complete the prescribed exercise session within an average expenditure of 131.5 kcal in the exercise and 37.2 in EPOC. The only patient who could not complete the task was due to pain in her shoulder. No patient demonstrated desaturation or abnormalities for HR and BP. Conclusions: These findings indicate that physical exercise in an arm cycle ergometer may be an alternative at improving health levels of morbidly obese patients, as it does not promote oxygen desaturation and shows expected standard responses for heart rate and blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":156722,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Obesity, Weight Management &amp; Control ","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125908331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}