Therapeutic potential and epigenetic alterations of plant phytochemicals (as epi-drugs) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

Abstract

There has been a significant escalation of type2 diabetes mellitus( T2DM), all over the world in particular more recently, secondary to population, age, obesity in addition to the sedentary life styles stranges. The determination as per the projections has been that 230 million people would be diabetic by the year2030. The properties of T2DM are dysfunctional pancreatic β cells function in addition to insulin liberation, hyperglycemia along with insulin resistance as well as recently, the epigenetics control pancreatic β cells differentiation has got emphasized as being implicated. Currently it is clear that various bioactive molecules, that are in plenty of amounts in plants that get utilized as foods or infusions, possess crucial part in histone modifications as well as DNA methylation, thus make up potential agents to work as epidrugs. Having earlier reviewed the epigenetic modes seen in DiabeticNephropathy so here we conducted a systematic review utilizing search engine pubmed, google scholar ;web of science; embase; Cochrane review library utilizing the MeSH terms like phytochemicals ;epidrugs; T2DM; epigenetics alterations inDM;Resveratrol; polyphenols; licorice; fenugreek;citrus fruits; green tea;ginger from 1990’still date in 2021. We found a total of 3050 articles out of which we selected 151 articles for this review. No meta-analysis was done. Thus we have summarized the epigenetic alterations seen in T2DM per se We have tried to review drugs like polyphenols, garlic, tea, resveratrol, anthrocyanins, liquorice, fenugreek that possess he capacity of avoidance or treatment of T2DM both in vivo, awa in vitro studies. The major observations, despite certain contradictory outcomes seem that these epidrugs possess roles to act either as complementary/replacement treatment for the usual oral hypoglycemic agents with negligible adverse actions. Actually these natural epidrugs seem to avoid or postpone the generation of disease, in addition to the morbidity that is correlated with the impairment of blood vessels, eyes as well as kidneys secondary to sustenance of hyperglycemia in case of patients with T2DM.