Journal of environmental radioactivity最新文献

{"title":"The impact of ENSO on near-surface Beryllium-7","authors":"K. Schaar ,&nbsp;T. Spiegl ,&nbsp;T. Sato ,&nbsp;U. Langematz","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concentration of near-surface Beryllium-7 contains valuable information about the atmosphere, e.g., the tropospheric circulation, precipitation pattern or specific atmospheric phenomena, like the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Here, we modelled the transport and deposition of Beryllium-7 from galactic cosmic rays for 1850–2100, using the ECHAM/MESSy atmospheric chemistry climate model, and analyzed the variability of near-surface Beryllium-7 due to the El Niño Southern Oscillation. We find that our simulated Beryllium-7 time series agree well with Beryllium-7 measurements from the international monitoring system of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. The analysis of the time series reveals significant Beryllium-7 patterns for El Niño and La Niña in the equatorial Pacific region, controlled by precipitation anomalies and the respective state of the Walker Circulation. Furthermore, our simulations show an intensification of the Beryllium-7 pattern for El Niño and La Niña in the future. Additionally, our findings suggest that near-surface Beryllium-7 could be used as an additional indicator or even predictor of the upcoming phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gamma-ray imaging method for multiple radionuclides and low-activity radioactive sources","authors":"Donghai Fan ,&nbsp;Rui Wu ,&nbsp;Dengke Wei ,&nbsp;Yingrui Li ,&nbsp;Tingting Tan ,&nbsp;Gangqiang Zha","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gamma-ray coded-aperture imaging technology has important applications in the fields of nuclear security, isolated source detection, and the decommissioning of nuclear facilities. However, artifacts can reduce the quality of reconstructed images and affect the identification of the intensity and location of radioactive sources. In this paper, a gamma-ray coded-aperture imaging method based on primitive and reversed coded functions (PRCF) was proposed to reduce imaging artifacts. Building on this, the PRCF method was improved by integrating energy spectral information collected by the detector. By selecting energy intervals corresponding to characteristic energies of different radioactive sources for data filtering, the imaging capability of the PRCF method was further enhanced for multiple radioactive sources. Through simulation, the selection range of the correction factor in the PRCF method was determined. Single-source and multi-source imaging experiments were conducted using the self-built coded-aperture imaging system based on a CdZnTe pixel detector, and the selection criteria for the energy interval ranges of different radioactive sources were established. Compared with the conventional maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) method, the improved PRCF method not only effectively reduced artifacts and enhanced the imaging quality, but also ensured the accuracy of imaging results for multiple radioactive sources. Moreover, through imaging experiments using low-activity ¹³⁷Cs and high-activity ²⁴¹Am and ¹³³Ba, it was demonstrated that the PRCF method can achieve low-count imaging in complex environments, providing a solution for imaging low-activity radioactive sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning techniques for the prediction of indoor gamma-ray dose rates – Strengths, weaknesses and implications for epidemiology","authors":"G.M. Kendall ,&nbsp;J.D. Appleton ,&nbsp;P. Chernyavskiy ,&nbsp;A. Arsham ,&nbsp;M.P. Little","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate methods that improve the estimation of indoor gamma ray dose rates at locations where measurements had not been made. These new predictions use a greater range of modelling techniques and larger variety of explanatory variables than our previous examinations of this subject. Specifically, we now employ three types of machine learning models in addition to the geostatistical, nearest neighbour and other earlier models. A large number of parameters, mostly describing the characteristics of dwellings in the area in question, have been added to the set of explanatory variables. The use of machine learning methods results in significantly improved predictions over earlier models. The machine learning models are noisy and there is some instability in the relative importance of particular explanatory variables although there are general and consistent tendencies supporting the importance of certain classes of variable. However, the range of predicted indoor gamma ray dose rates is much smaller than that of the measurements. It is probable that epidemiological studies using such predictions will have lower statistical power than those based on direct measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the combined effects of ionising radiation and chemical pollutants on wildlife populations","authors":"Jordi Vives i Batlle","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A population model is presented to study the combined effects of ionising radiation and chemical pollutants on wildlife. The model is based on first order, non-linear and logistic differential equations combining mortality, morbidity and reproduction phenomena with life history data and ecological interactions. Acclimation is considered as a possible mechanism to study theoretically this effect at low levels of radiation or chemical concentration. Radiation and chemical-induced damages are represented by a ‘repairing pool’ mediating between healthy, damaged, acclimated, and irrecoverable individuals. Damages to population, fecundity and the repairing pool are represented by a linear-quadratic function combining radiation dose and chemical concentration terms. The endpoints of the model are repairable damages (morbidity), impairment of reproductive ability and mortality.</div><div>The model is evaluated with a mixed ionising radiation/arsenate demonstration scenario to illustrate the combined effect of radiation and chemical pollutants upon the sustainability of a hypothetical vole population, including the influence of acclimation, given the assumption that the repair of both radiation and toxicity damages share the same mechanism. A sensitivity analysis of the model illustrates the effects of combining radiation dose and chemical concentration on self-repairing and reproductive ability for the population, exploring cases of antagonism and synergism by varying the relevant model parameters.</div><div>This model provides a conceptual framework to address mixed radiological and chemical effects to wildlife populations. It can be used to assess the robustness of the benchmarks used in wildlife radiological assessment, informing ongoing regulatory debates on their applicability to mixed stressor situations. Future research will enable to draw conclusions about the most restrictive mixed exposure situations in terms of effects to the population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ gamma-ray measurement to estimate depth distribution of 137Cs in farmland in Fukushima Prefecture","authors":"Sadao Momota ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Okuda ,&nbsp;Minoru Tanigaki ,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Ohkubo ,&nbsp;Takashi Saito","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioactive cesium released into the atmosphere caused by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011 has contaminated the surrounding area. We confirmed the applicability of in-situ methods to evaluate the depth distribution of ¹³⁷Cs by employing the ratio of Compton-scattering and photo-peak components (<em>r</em>_C) obtained from measured gamma-ray spectra. In the present study, we applied the in-situ method to farmlands in Fukushima Prefecture whose sites were disturbed by decontamination and plowing operations. <em>r</em>_C and the net count of the 662-keV photo-peak, <em>n</em>_peak, were obtained from gamma-ray spectra measured using a portable CsI detector. Reasonable <em>r</em>_C was obtained by removing the contribution of naturally occurring radioactive materials through a simple and versatile procedure. The depth distribution of ¹³⁷Cs measured using the conventional sampling method was reproduced using the Fermi distribution function. The concentration of ¹³⁷Cs on the ground surface, <em>N</em>(0), and the depth at which the concentration becomes half of <em>N</em>(0), <em>d</em>_1/2, can be described by simple functions of <em>n</em>_peak and <em>r</em>_C, respectively. We also confirmed that the Monte Carlo simulation is useful to reproduce the present results, taking into account the contribution of ¹³⁴Cs and the detection system properly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic evaluation for 137Cs desorption from riverine particles in seawater, and exploration of sorbent agents for fixation of the desorbed fraction","authors":"Hyoe Takata,&nbsp;Yoshifumi Wakiyama,&nbsp;Toshihiro Wada","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we evaluated 1) the potential ability of sorbents to adsorb ¹³⁷Cs desorbed from contaminated riverine particles that had been introduced into seawater, and 2) the rates of desorption of ¹³⁷Cs from weak and strong sorption sites. We performed particle–seawater desorption experiments to simulate the mixing of riverine particles with seawater and used a kinetic model to simulate results. We tested two sorbent agents: beach sand collected from less contaminated coast and zeolite. Neither of the two sorbents sorbed the ¹³⁷Cs that desorbed from the contaminated river sediment particles because of competition for sorption sites from cations abundant in seawater. Rates of desorption from strong sorption sites, which accounted for 77–99% of the ¹³⁷Cs carried by the particles, were 3–4 orders of magnitude slower than the rates of desorption from weak sorption sites. The implication was that most ¹³⁷Cs can be tightly sorbed onto particles. Desorption of ¹³⁷Cs from weak sorption sites was estimated to be almost complete within 30 min, but ¹³⁷Cs sorbed onto weak sorption sites was a minor component (1–23% of total ¹³⁷Cs) of ¹³⁷Cs on riverine particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of tritium content in wild plants growing in an area with an underground source of tritium","authors":"Andrei Vyacheslavovich Mikhailov,&nbsp;Sergey Nikolaevich Lukashenko,&nbsp;Andrei Vladislavovich Thomson,&nbsp;Mariya Alexandrovna Edomskaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within the framework of the presented work, the results of large-scale studies of the content of TFWT in wild plants growing in an area with an underground source of tritium are presented. Various types of plants were studied: herbaceous, shrubby, woody. The concentration of TFWT in various vegetative organs of the same plants was analyzed separately. Sampling was carried out throughout the growing season from germination to wilting of plants. Additionally, plants with aerial intake of tritium were studied.</div><div>The concentration of TFWT in the leaves of plants at the root pathway of tritium intake into plants is on average 0.71 of the concentration of TFWT in the stems of the same plants. This value varies from 0.30 ± 0.06 to 1.1 ± 0.3 for plants of different species, but never exceeds 1 significantly. The concentration of TFWT in the leaves of plants with an aerial intake of tritium is on average 1.5 times higher than the concentration of TFWT in the stems of the same plants. This value varies from 0.86 ± 0.59 to 2.9 ± 1.9, but never significantly below 1.</div><div>The concentration of TFWT in the same vegetative organs of herbaceous plants of different species growing on the same site differs significantly - up to 2.6 times. The concentration of TFWT in the vegetative organs of herbaceous and woody plants also differs significantly – up to 2.3 times.</div><div>The concentration of TFWT in the same vegetative organs of plants of different species can vary up to 3.5 times. At the same time, the concentration of TFWT in shrubby and woody plants does not differ so significantly – the average difference is 1.2 times, with the largest detected difference being 1.4 times. There is practically no significant difference between the content of TFWT in different types of woody and shrubby plants.</div><div>The dependence of the concentration of TFWT in the vegetative organs of plants of the same species at different vegetative stages was found. The concentration of TFWT in the same vegetative organ of a plant of the same species varies up to 14 times and, as a rule, decreases significantly by the end of the growing season.</div><div>Thus, it is proved that the distribution of tritium over the vegetative organs of wild plants is uneven. It depends on the mechanism of tritium intake into the plant, the type of plant, its vegetation phase. An innovative method is proposed for determining the mechanism of tritium intake into a plant by the coefficient M – the ratio of TFWT in leaves to TFWT in plant stems. At a value of the coefficient M below 1, the intake of tritium into vegetation is predominantly root, at a value above 1– it is aerial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radio-sensitivity of selected namibian landrace groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes to gamma radiation","authors":"Remmie Hilukwa ,&nbsp;Angelinus C. Franke ,&nbsp;Maryke Labuschagne ,&nbsp;Maliata Athon Wanga ,&nbsp;Rose-mary Kavemuine Hukununa ,&nbsp;Magdalena Ndafapawa Hangula ,&nbsp;Eddie.B.S. Hasheela ,&nbsp;Cinthya Zorrilla ,&nbsp;Fatma Sarsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundnut (<em>Arachis hypogaea</em> L.) is a popular nutritious food crop in the world. In Namibia, groundnut varieties are limited and characterized by low yields of 0.4 t/ha. Its production is challenged by biotic and abiotic stresses and low genetic variability in the agroecological zones of Namibia. Gamma-irradiation mutagenesis is a technique applied to generate genetic variation based on the genotype's sensitivity to the mutagenic agent for the selection of traits of economic importance that fulfill the user's requirements. This study aimed to determine the optimal lethal doses (LD₅₀) of mutagens producing maximum mutations with minimum damage for mass gamma-irradiation on Namibian landraces of groundnut in preparation for mutation breeding programs. Seeds of three groundnut varieties (‘NAM 4433’, ‘NAM 888/2', ‘NAM 1747/1’) were subjected to six gamma radiation doses [0, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 Gy (Gy)]. The radiation source was Cobalt-60, with an irradiation rate of 28.81 Gy/min. Irradiated and non-irradiated (control) seeds were sown in plastic pots, using a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design. Data were collected on parameters relating to seed germination, seedling growth, and plant survival of the varieties. A linear regression model was developed to determine the mean lethal dose (LD₅₀) and reduction dose (RD₅₀) of the varieties. Combined analysis of variance showed significant responses (p &lt; 0.001) to seedling emergence, shoot, and root traits. Genotype NAM 4433 was most sensitive to gamma radiation doses ranging from 106 to 150 Gy. The doses could be used in mutation breeding programs to select mutants with desirable agronomic and nutritional traits for farmers and consumers. Genotypes NAM 1747/1 and NAM 888/2 did not respond to the doses applied.</div><div>Further research using high radiation doses for NAM 1747/1 and NAM 888/2 is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107618"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143023597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forward calculation of airborne gamma 3D radiation fields based on rapid coupling method of point kernel integrals","authors":"Peng Cheng ,&nbsp;Shuang Qi ,&nbsp;Xian Guan ,&nbsp;Xing Wei ,&nbsp;Fei Li ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airborne gamma ray spectrum detection technology is an effective means to measure the concentration and spatial distribution of natural radionuclides in environmental media such as surface rocks and soil during aviation flight. Therefore, it is vital to fully explore the radiation information related to mineralization in airborne gamma spectrometry data and explore the dose distribution law of gamma radiation field of radionuclides in the detection area. This paper is based on the theoretical calculation model of ground-air interface gamma radiation field. After discretizing the equivalent surface source of the geological body with irregular and uniformly distributed radionuclides into a grid, it is divided into differential surface sources of uniform size, density, and isotropy. A theoretical calculation model for the spatial radiation field of differential surface sources at the ground-air interface has been derived. Finally, a rapid calculation program for the 3D radiation field of irregular surface sources coupled with point sources has been developed using the Qt framework. The accuracy and efficiency of the program were tested through three examples. For a single regular surface source, the rectangular surface source exhibited higher consistency at most detection points. The average relative deviation was 9.183%. In the case of a circular surface source, the dose rate values between the two methods deviated more significantly in the edge regions but less so in the central region. The average relative deviation was 12.765%. When comparing the calculation data of two irregular surface source models, the rapid calculation program was dozens of times faster than the SuperMC program. The maximum relative deviation was 38.245%, the minimum relative deviation was 5.416%, and the calculation accuracy was high. The average relative deviation was 21.912%. On several irregular surface source models, the relative deviations were relatively large. The maximum relative deviation reached 52.234%, the minimum was 12.305%, and the average relative deviation was 28.126%. This study can provide a certain theoretical reference for researchers in related fields, promoting the development and application of airborne gamma radiation field technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radionuclide sorption dynamics in the Rhone River: Experimental and modelling approach","authors":"Léonore Flipo ,&nbsp;Frédéric Coppin ,&nbsp;L. Garcia-Sanchez ,&nbsp;Philippe Ciffroy ,&nbsp;Olivier Radakovitch","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transfer of radionuclides discharged into rivers by nuclear facilities are conditioned by their solid/liquid fractionation, commonly represented by an equilibrium approach using the distribution coefficient <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mi>d</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. This coefficient, largely used in modeling, assumes an instantaneous and completely reversible reaction. However, such assumptions are rarely verified. Compared to instantaneous adsorption of radionuclides onto particles, slower reactions may lead to an underestimation of the dissolved fraction, and modifications of environmental conditions (<em>e.g.</em> at confluences, dams …) may induce a change in solid/liquid partition. Considering this background, this study aims to assess whether models incorporating one or more kinetics to describe this fractionation allow more accurate estimations than the equilibrium approach. A large dataset has been obtained experimentally to compare and test fractionation models. The exchanges of four radionuclides (¹³⁷Cs, ⁶⁰Co, ⁵⁴Mn, and ^110mAg) between solution and riverine suspended particulate matter (from the Rhone River, France) were followed in laboratory. Adsorption kinetics were monitored starting from 30 min up to 2 months. They stabilized only after several days and up to 2 weeks. Dilutions of the contaminated suspension were carried out after 1 h, 3 days, 10, 21 and 31 days of prior adsorption, to simulate a change in environmental conditions, such as the input of uncontaminated water from a tributary. The dilution induced a quick release from solid to liquid at first, followed by a non-expected re-adsorption for all four radionuclides. 31-days sorption data were used to fit the parameters of a Kd model and derived models involving one (EK) or two fractionation kinetics (KK). Predictions were then carried out to evaluate the model capacities to react to a dilution of the contamination. Unlike the Kd model, which is a constant, the kinetic models predicted a variation in the solid/liquid activity ratio over time and when environmental conditions changed. However, models developed on one-step sorption showed limitations to reproduce the adsorption kinetics observed after a dilution, especially when a previous steady-state was reached.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 107609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}