Journal of environmental radioactivity最新文献

{"title":"Full spectrum modeling of in situ gamma-ray detector measurements with a focus on precipitation-induced transients.","authors":"M S Bandstra, J M Ghawaly, D E Peplow, D E Archer, B J Quiter, T H Y Joshi, A D Nicholson, M J Willis, I Garishvili, A J Rowe, B R Longmire, J T Nattress","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-ray detectors that are deployed outdoors experience increased event rates during precipitation due to the attendant increase in Rn-222 progeny at ground level. The increased radiation due to these decay products (Pb-214 and Bi-214) has been studied for many decades in applications such as atmospheric science and radiation protection. For those applications radon progeny signatures are the signal of interest, while in the fields of radiological and nuclear security and aerial radiological mapping they are a nuisance. When searching for radiological contamination or missing sources, an analyst must take precipitation into account to reduce false alarms, in addition to accounting for static background signatures. To train advanced search algorithms, an effort has been underway to generate synthetic gamma-ray event data that represent a realistic urban area, including occasional rain events to add to the realism. This manuscript describes an effort to analyze and model gamma-ray spectra measured during rainfall by a NaI(Tl) detector located outdoors in order to derive accurate source terms for Pb-214 and Bi-214 at a high frequency (less than 1 min). All known sources of background were quantitatively modeled across the full gamma-ray spectrum, so that the Pb-214 and Bi-214 activity concentrations on the ground could be inferred from a linear model fit to each spectrum. A physically motivated model was applied to the data to further smooth the fits, which had the benefit of yielding information about the concentrations of the progeny in rainwater and their apparent age, making this the first time full-spectrum modeling has been used for continuous measurements of radon progeny. Full-spectrum modeling's ability to leverage more statistics allows for measurements at a rate of more than once per minute, rather than the more typical 10- or 15 min measurement cycle, and therefore this approach could lead to studies of radon progeny on shorter timescales than previously possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"107826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operations of a pumped storage power plant attenuated radioactive Cs concentration in kokanee stocked in the upper reservoir.","authors":"Atsushi Hirano, Hidenori Kagamifuchi, Ken Koyabu, Koichi Takizawa, Yuichi Onda","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the seasonal variation in radioactive cesium (sum of '134Cs and '137Cs; hereafter radioactive Cs) concentrations in kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka) within a pumped-storage power plant reservoir system, with particular focus on the marked decline in radioactive Cs levels during plant operation. Radioactive Cs transfer pathways to kokanee were examined in relation to water residence time, vertical temperature profiles, and water quality under operational and non-operational conditions. Two primary pathways originating from the contaminated forest surrounding the reservoir were identified. The first involves suspended detritus, primarily decomposed forest litter, which accumulates at the thermocline and facilitates Cs transfer to kokanee via interactions with plankton. The second pathway involves detritus deposited on the lakebed, consumed by chironomids, which serve as prey for kokanee. Radioactive Cs concentrations in chironomids were higher than those in plankton, suggesting that seasonal dietary shifts in kokanee contribute to observed variations in radioactive Cs accumulation. Power plant operations can transport part of the contaminated detritus accumulated at the thermocline out of the lake, thereby inhibiting its sedimentation on the lake bottom, reducing radioactive Cs availability to lower trophic organisms, and resulting in a marked reduction of radioactive Cs concentrations in kokanee. These findings highlight the influence of anthropogenic operations on Cs dynamics in aquatic ecosystems and have important implications for ecological risk assessment and the management of radiological contamination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"107827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KURAMA vs. Safecast: Radiation data comparison in Fukushima following whole-area decontamination.","authors":"Imam Ghazali Yasmint, Yo Ishigaki, Kayoko Yamamoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident in 2011, environmental radiation monitoring is crucial for supporting reconstruction programs and ensuring the safety of returning residents. Although government-led monitoring systems yield relatively accurate data, limited coverage exists in some areas. Consequently, citizen-science initiatives, such as Safecast, emerged to address these gaps. We compare two major radiation monitoring systems in Fukushima Prefecture over the period 2019-2023: the Kyoto University Radiation Mapping (KURAMA) system and Safecast. As measurements are not co-located, all readings were aggregated onto a uniform 100 × 100 m grid for spatial comparison. At the current low ambient-dose levels, a nearly constant contribution from secondary cosmic radiation can measurably inflate readings from Geiger-Müller (GM) detectors. The analysis examines spatial coverage, radiation dose rate distribution, and data fitting through linear regression, error analysis, and Bland-Altman analysis. The results show that KURAMA provides extensive area coverage (1068-1419 km² per year) with sharp radiation dose transitions, particularly in high-exposure areas. In contrast, Safecast encompasses approximately 10 % of the area surveyed annually by KURAMA. We found that some Safecast areas cover residential areas and public facilities not monitored by KURAMA. Regression analysis indicates a strong linear correlation (R² = 0.8034). It also reveals a systematic bias in uncorrected Safecast data, yielding higher doses in low-exposure areas (<0.5 μSv/h) and lower doses in high-exposure areas (>1.0 μSv/h) compared to KURAMA. A key driver of the low-dose overestimation is the 31 nSv/h contribution of secondary cosmic radiation inherently counted by Safecast's GM detector. Subtracting this constant background (yielding Safecast_CR) lowers the Safecast median from 0.127 to 0.096 μSv/h and improves low-dose agreement with KURAMA while not changing the R² value. This claim of systematic bias is further strengthened by additional statistical analysis showing a consistent pattern of measurement discrepancies. These differences are influenced by detector characteristics, data collection methods, and operational variability, including the cosmic-ray component. Our findings indicate that integrating both systems, with appropriate calibration of Safecast data, can enhance the accuracy of radiation exposure assessments, improve post-decontamination monitoring, and contribute to more representative radiation maps for public safety and policy-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"107789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating civilian radioxenon background estimates in anomaly detection","authors":"Ramesh S. Sarathi ,&nbsp;Paul W. Eslinger ,&nbsp;Douglas J. Baxter ,&nbsp;Nipun Gunawardena ,&nbsp;Donald D. Lucas ,&nbsp;Michael F. Mayer ,&nbsp;Brian D. Milbrath ,&nbsp;Brian T. Schrom","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nuclear explosion screening exercise in 2023 (Maurer et al., 2023) found challenges with discerning anomalous radioxenon activity concentrations relative to elevated background concentrations. Research has continued into methods to detect anomalous radioxenon concentrations by comparing samples to estimates of atmospheric radioxenon background concentrations caused by releases at nuclear reactors or medical isotope production facilities. A new approach estimates the sample concentrations using time-varying radioxenon release rates obtained using optimization techniques that constrain the facility release rates to plausible amounts based on historical data or facility knowledge. The purpose of the optimization is to determine whether any combination of plausible release rates from emitting facilities can explain a series of radioxenon measurements at one or more sampling stations. A case study uses radioxenon data collected at three locations in western Europe for a month in 2021 and considers releases from 77 locations. Fewer samples are identified as being anomalous using a simplistic flagging rule than from an application of the current International Monitoring System (IMS) activity concentration-level rule.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 107829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mobile gamma-ray LaBr₃(Ce) detector unit for in-situ radionuclide analysis at TENORM contamination sites.","authors":"F van Niekerk, P Jones, S Woodborne, R Newman","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-ray spectrometry, primarily utilising NaI(Tl) detectors, is widely used to measure naturally occurring radionuclides in terrestrial environments, but the use of LaBr₃(Ce) detectors is gaining prominence. Traditionally limited to vehicle-based deployments, access to hostile sites with elevated radiation has been restricted. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a mobile radiation detection unit (MRDU) equipped with a LaBr₃(Ce) detector in such environments. The uranium Minimum Detectable Activity was 236 (16) Bq/kg at 1764.5 keV. The MRDU was deployed at the Welverdiend Agricultural Holdings, where elevated uranium levels are expected due to historic gold mining activities in the area., and the uranium activity was measured at 6477 Bq/kg. The uranium disequilibrium was investigated by comparing gamma radiation results with the total uranium concentration obtained through chemical analysis. The comparison confirmed the presence of uranium disequilibrium.</p>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"289 ","pages":"107767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual distribution and deposition of atmospheric ²¹⁰Pb in Busan, the largest port city in Korea.","authors":"Jaeeun Lee, Hyunmi Lee, Jin Young Choi, Ji Hyun Lee, Intae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the annual and seasonal variations of ²¹⁰Pb in aerosols collected in Busan, a major port city in South Korea. Aerosol samples were obtained during two sampling campaigns: (i) total suspended particles (TSP) from April 2019 to February 2020, and (ii) particulate matter with diameters ≤10 μm (PM₁₀) and ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) from March 2020 to February 2021. The activity concentrations of ²¹⁰Pb ranged from 0.10 to 1.98 mBq m^-3 (TSP), 0.09-1.97 mBq m^-3 (PM₁₀), and 0.02-2.07 mBq m^-3 (PM_2.5), showing clear seasonal trends. Activities peaked in autumn and winter (October-February) and were lowest in summer (July-September), with up to two-fold seasonal variation. These patterns were mainly attributed to meteorological variability and increased anthropogenic emissions during colder months due to seasonal wind shifts. No significant differences in ²¹⁰Pb activity appeared among size-fractionated samples (TSP, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5), indicating a preferential association of ²¹⁰Pb with fine aerosols. Dry deposition fluxes of ²¹⁰Pb in Busan were comparable to those reported in other global cities, despite only including the dry component. ²¹⁰Pb activities in TSP correlated with ⁴⁰K in fallout dust, likely from resuspended soil, while ²¹⁰Pb in PM_2.5 paralleled ⁷Be variations in air. Moreover, ²¹⁰Pb/Pb ratios showed seasonal changes, notably in PM_2.5 during the dry season. The results suggest that aerosol behavior in Busan is notably influenced by anthropogenic sources during dry months, especially in fine dust (e.g., PM_2.5). Overall, ²¹⁰Pb proves useful as a radioactive tracer for understanding aerosol dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"289 ","pages":"107768"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144799276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotopic composition of 129I in marine sediments from Beppu Bay: assessing its feasibility as an Anthropocene marker","authors":"Zhiyuan Shi ,&nbsp;Kimikazu Sasa ,&nbsp;Masumi Matsumura ,&nbsp;Tsutomu Takahashi ,&nbsp;Yuichi Takaku ,&nbsp;Michinobu Kuwae ,&nbsp;Shinya Yamasaki ,&nbsp;Keisuke Sueki ,&nbsp;Aya Sakaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic ¹²⁹I has been used as a powerful tool for tracing human nuclear activities. This study measured ¹²⁷I concentrations and ¹²⁹I/¹²⁷I ratios in a sediment core from Beppu Bay, Japan, to evaluate the potential of ¹²⁹I as a key marker for the Anthropocene. The ¹²⁹I/¹²⁷I ratios ranged from 1.16 × 10⁻¹¹ to 1.11 × 10⁻¹⁰ and showed a clear increase in the 1950s, consistent with the beginning of global nuclear activities. This variation agrees with previously reported records from East Asia. Owing to the high sedimentation rate, well-preserved lamination, and redox conditions in Beppu Bay, the core retained both global increase of anthropogenic ¹²⁹I and several distinct local short-term peaks of local origin. The timeline of these peaks are likely to coincides to local volcanic eruptions and extreme weather events that enhanced ¹²⁹I/¹²⁷I, and slightly elevated ¹²⁹I/¹²⁷I ratio in pre-nuclear layers suggest limited post-depositional migration under reducing conditions. Overall, the Beppu Bay core provides a high-resolution and well-dated record of ¹²⁹I deposition influenced by both global and local signals. These results support the potential of ¹²⁹I as a key marker in coastal marine environments for defining the Anthropocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 107797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-informed optimization for emergency radiation assessment with temporal correction under meteorological uncertainty","authors":"Junni He ,&nbsp;Minghua Lyu ,&nbsp;Zhixin Qiu ,&nbsp;Xin He ,&nbsp;Bo Lu ,&nbsp;Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Shifei Shen ,&nbsp;Xiaole Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Timely and accurate radiation dose assessment is essential for effective emergency response in nuclear accidents. However, meteorological uncertainties, especially in wind data, can lead to substantial discrepancies between simulated and observed plume behaviors, compromising situational awareness and decision-making. This study proposed a physics-informed optimization framework that integrates a physical radiation assessment model with a genetic algorithm to dynamically correct time-series wind field data and mitigate discrepancies caused by meteorological uncertainty. The physical model couples the Lagrangian puff model with the point kernel integration method. To improve efficiency, a dimensionality reduction approach simplifies the three-dimensional gamma dose integration to one dimension. The proposed framework was validated using the first venting scenario of Unit 1 at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. The temporal optimization significantly enhanced the alignment of estimated and observed plume passage times. Quantitatively, the optimization respectively reduces the fractional bias (FB) and the normalized mean square error (NMSE) at the Main Gate by 57.82 % and 90.69 %, while the improvements at MP8 station reached 97.88 % (FB) and 92.19 % (NMSE). The FAC2 (Fraction of predictions within a factor of two) at the Main Gate increased substantially from 9.5 % to 52.4 % post-optimization. These improvements demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing predictive accuracy for emergency radiation dose assessment and optimizing operational decision-making under complex atmospheric conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"291 ","pages":"Article 107817"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and biological drivers of 137Cs accumulation in freshwater fish across forested and downstream sites in Fukushima","authors":"Minato Kakuma ,&nbsp;Toshihiro Wada ,&nbsp;Masashi Murakami ,&nbsp;Takahiro Tatsuno ,&nbsp;Nobuyoshi Ishii ,&nbsp;Natsuko I. Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Takumi Kurosawa ,&nbsp;Yo Sayama ,&nbsp;Naoto Nihei ,&nbsp;Nobuhito Ohte","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To elucidate ecological factors governing ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in freshwater fish, we examined 10 species collected from forested headwater streams and downstream reaches of rivers flowing through the Fukushima evacuation zone between 2020 and 2022. By integrating land cover data with isotopic and body size metrics, our study clarifies mechanisms shaping radiocesium distribution across fish communities in post-accident environments. Individuals exceeding the Japanese regulatory limit of 100 Bq/kg-wet were found at all sites, and fish/water concentration ratios of ¹³⁷Cs varied widely, from 9.7 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10 L/kg-wet in a sea-run masu salmon to 1.2 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10⁶ L/kg-wet in a Japanese dace. White-spotted charr and masu salmon, both typical stream-dwelling salmonids, exhibited significantly higher concentration ratios than the other species. Fish from areas with greater forest cover exhibited consistently elevated ¹³⁷Cs concentrations, indicating that forests serve as persistent sources of radiocesium to aquatic food webs more than a decade after the accident. Stable isotope analysis showed a significant positive association between terrestrial carbon contribution and ¹³⁷Cs concentration, demonstrating that individuals assimilating more terrestrial-derived resources tended to accumulate higher contamination. A positive relationship was also observed between relative body size and ¹³⁷Cs concentration, suggesting that growth-related traits influence accumulation. These results suggest that forest connectivity, dietary reliance on allochthonous resources, and individual growth characteristics collectively influence the accumulation of ¹³⁷Cs in freshwater fish. The approach and findings provide quantitative evidence for species- and site-specific processes underlying long-term radiocesium dynamics in forested river networks, informing risk assessment and fisheries management in radiologically impacted landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 107810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus-functionalized Porphyra toward uranium removal from water","authors":"Wenxuan Sui ,&nbsp;Yanan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiayu Zhao ,&nbsp;Kairuo Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvrad.2025.107816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-value utilization of marine biomass has garnered significant attention in recent years, particularly the application of biomass-based adsorbents in water environment remediation. In this study, we innovatively combined ball-milling treatment with phosphorylation modification to construct a phosphorus-functionalized <em>Porphyra</em> (P-<em>Porphyra</em>) adsorbent, which can be applied for uranium adsorption from water. Systematic characterization and batch adsorption experiments revealed that P-<em>Porphyra</em> exhibited optimal uranium adsorption at pH 4.0, with the adsorption process fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm well. Under optimal conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity reached 262.76 mg·g⁻¹, almost unaffected by common ions in natural waterbody. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses demonstrated that the adsorption mechanism primarily relied on the complexation between phosphate groups and uranium ions, enabling efficient uranium enrichment. P-<em>Prophyra</em> exhibited the fast uranium adsorption in the real seawater, and the adsorption capacity reached to be 0.90 mg·g⁻¹. This work proposes a green, low-cost, and scalable strategy for converting <em>Porphyra</em> into phosphorylated biomass materials towards uranium enrichment from water, also offering significant potential for sustainable marine resource utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of environmental radioactivity","volume":"290 ","pages":"Article 107816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}