Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography最新文献

{"title":"Private sector participation on forest conservation in Malaysia - Pulau Banding Foundation story","authors":"A. Malik","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625-C1-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625-C1-026","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aim: Seed size (mass) and growth forms can affect dispersal distance, position of diaspora storage and consequently affect seedling establishment, growth, and survival and can shape community structure. Fewer studies assessed the relationship between seed size and germination level among different growth forms. Here, we assessed the impact of plant growth form, seed storage, and seed size and masses on seed dormancy, and light and temperature requirements during germination of 23 desert plants with aerial seed bank. Location: Northern Emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was the setting taken for this study. Methods: Seeds of 23 species with aerial seed bank, representing different growth forms (6 herbaceous, 11 small shrubs and 6 trees) were collected from natural habitats of the arid deserts of the UAE. Average seed mass and size were determined for each species. Fresh seeds, and those stored both in room temperatures for 9 months were germinated at daily night/day temperature regimes of 15/25°C, 20/30°C and 25/35°C in both continuous darkness and alternating light/darkness. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the significance of the relationship between seed mass and seed size with final germination, relative light germination (RLG) and germination rate index (GRI) for each growth form at each temperature and light condition. Results: Trees and shrubs have significantly larger, heavier seeds that are characterized with higher dormancy, compared to herbaceous plants. Germination at all storage conditions was positively photoblastic in herbaceous plant, but was neutrally photoblastic in both shrubs and trees. Field storage enhanced light germination in trees, but not in shrubs and herbs. The relationships between both seed size and mass and final germination at all light and temperature conditions was positive in herbaceous, but negative in shrubby species. The relationship between seed size and LGI was significantly positive in shrubs; but was significantly negative in herbs and trees. GRI was greater for bigger","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77603083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative impact assessment as a key conservation planning tool: An application on Posidonia oceanica meadows in Greek waters of the Aegean Sea","authors":"V. Vassilopoulou","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625-C1-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625-C1-025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90115089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Network Analysis of Aquaculture Projects on Provisioning Services Enhancement of Peatland Forest Ecosystem in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia","authors":"F. Kilonzi, Takahiro Ota, K. Moji, A. Usup","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000238","url":null,"abstract":"Improper implementation of peatland forest activities has altered the forest ecosystem resulting to near extinct or degradation of the peatland forest and its biodiversity. This research focuses on stakeholder attribute analysis for successful management of the aquaculture projects to ensure enhancement of provisioning services (fish) in the streams, ponds and rivers in the peat forest by providing an alternative source of fish to the community in a case study of Hampangen village, central Kalimantan in Indonesia. The exclusive features in our analysis shows that the income of the stakeholders or their educational level do not necessarily influence their roles and position in the leadership network nor determine the ES usage from the forest. This research challenges the mainstream understanding on stakeholders’ selection based on educational background or income levels. From our study, we propose stakeholder selection based on social network attributes for a successful group or communal project management.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85675521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Water Pollution: A Review","authors":"F. N. Chaudhry, M. F. Malik","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000225","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at University of Gujrat during 2016 to 2017 as a term paper for Master of Philosophy. The data regarding effect of ozone depletion on human was reviewed and compiled as a review paper from various published articles of international reputed journals annual/environmental reports of recognized organization and ebooks. Factors which are effecting water pollution are addressed. Water pollution is very important problem of 21st century. Due to water pollution pure water is becoming less scare day by day. The biggest cause of water pollution is industrialization and increase in population. By drinking polluted water people becoming more and more ill.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74295281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Physical Sense of δ13C Values of Carbonate and Organic Matter of Sedimentary Rocks","authors":"Ivlev Aa","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000e127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000e127","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial Carbon isotope composition (δ13С) of carbonates and organic matter in sedimentary rocks is the most commonly used parameter in geological, paleontological, paleoclimatic and other studies of the history of the Earth. The difference of them ε=(δ13Сorg.matter δ13Сcarb) has the meaning of 13С discrimination in photosynthesis in the past [1], but only in the cases where samples of organic matter and carbonates are coeval and taken from the same facies. Often in organic matter studies the changes its carbon isotope composition are interpreted as if they were the results of 13С isotope discrimination in the past photosynthesis [2,3]. It should be emphasized that we focus on the global photosynthesis that has many features typical to ordinary photosynthesizing organisms [1].","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88232197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earth Summit: From Rio 1992 via Kyoto and Copenhagen, Back to Rio2012","authors":"Farah Bani Affan","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000229","url":null,"abstract":"In early 1980s, a journal entitled 'Mountain Research and Development' flourished concerning 'sustainable development', in which cooperation at the regional and global levels among countries has launched, promoting it to become a highly significant tool for communicating. As a 'tool for communicating' the journal has attracted and gathered its scientific and political members with many countries 178 nations into the largest conference of the United Nations on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the 'Earth Summit', at Rio de Janeiro in 1992. A series of global meetings have been held since, regarding environmental issues, hopefully to reduce greenhouse emissions and protect the environment. The aim of this paper is to outline the main facts which have been discussed in four main conferences starting from Rio 1992, via Kyoto 1997, Copenhagen 2009, and ending up after 20 years at Rio for the second time. Due to the word limitation, this essay has focused on the climate change and environmental protection, whereas conserving biological diversity along with Agenda 21 has been left for future researches.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73261407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Impact of Climate Change on Lake Malawi Chambo (Oreochromis spp.) Fishery","authors":"R. Makwinja, M. M'balaka","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000227","url":null,"abstract":"The study focusing on potential impact of climate change on Chambo (Oreochromis spp.) fishery was conducted in the west coast of Lake Malawi, Nkhotakota using 1991 to 2015 univariate time series data of Chambo catch (metric tons), atmospheric temperatures (°C) and annual precipitation (mm). The Chambo catch data were obtained from Monkey Bay Fisheries Research Station of the Malawi Fisheries Department and the data for temperature and annual precipitation was obtained from Meteorological Department. Using regression models, the study revealed a positive strong correlation between the annual precipitation and annual Chambo catch trend. The coefficient of polynomial regression model (R2) revealed that 74.89% of variation in Chambo annual catch trend was due to annual precipitation (mm). The t-value for temperatures (t=0.853) was not significant (P>0.05), while that of precipitation (t=6.418) was significant (P<0.05) suggesting that annual precipitation significantly influenced the annual Chambo catch trend. The study apparently showed that climate change significantly affects the total landed catch of Chambo in Lake Malawi.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74996130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Pond Ecosystem and Its Components: A Mini-review","authors":"T. Rajesh, Jayaram Preethi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000228","url":null,"abstract":"Basic unit in ecology formed from the cohabitation of plants, animals is known as Pond ecosystem, Ponds shallow water bodies barely reach 12 to 15 feet in-depth. A Pond biological community is a freshwater biological community in which groups of living beings depend on each other and the water environment for their supplements and survival. Ponds are a vital part of the hydrological framework; and perform various parts in the biosphere. Thinks about on lake environments are, in any case, regularly dismissed, likely, because of their little size.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89381903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Benefits of Sri Lanka Community Forestry Program (SLCFP)","authors":"D. Fernando","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000247","url":null,"abstract":"The Sri Lanka Community Forestry Program (SLCFP) commenced in 2012 and was completed in December 2016. The program design was based on the ‘Strategy for Community Forestry Management’ developed by the Forest Department (FD) in 2008. The community forestry approach is well established in Sri Lanka and agrees with Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) environmental and economic development strategies for the country. Rural communities also accepted the community forestry concept as it provides various benefits including increased forest cover, increased income and livelihood support.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"54 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89680045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and Chemical Properties of a Sandy Loam Soil Under Irrigated Rice-Wheat Sequence in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia","authors":"Gathala Mk, J. M.L., Y. Saharawat, S. Sk, S. Yadvinder, L. J.K.","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000246","url":null,"abstract":"Resource conservation technologies (RCTs) such as zero tillage (ZT), dry direct seeded rice (DSR) and crop residues as mulch are known to increase productivity and profitability of rice-wheat system (RWS) in South Asia. There are, however, few studies on assessing the effect of RCTs on physical and chemical properties of soil under RWS. A field experiment on a sandy loam soil was conducted on RWS for two years at Modipuram, India involving six treatment combinations of three tillage and crop establishment methods in rice, (i) conventional puddled transplanted rice (CT-PTR), (ii) conventional dry tillage followed by direct seeding of rice (CT-DSR), and (iii) zero tillage followed by direct seeding of rice (ZT-DSR), and two green manuring options (with and without intercropping of Sesbania aculeata, -S or +S). In the succeeding wheat, rice residue (RR) was retained in sesbania green manure treatments and it was removed from no sesbania plots. Wheat was direct sown after ZT (DSW) in all the plots. Substituting PTR/ DSW without crop residues with ZT-DSR/DSW plus residue cycling reduced electrical conductivity from 0.146 dS mA¢Â€Â’1 to 0.128 dS mA¢Â€Â’1 and increased soil organic C from 5.72 g kg-1 to 6.25 g kg-1 in 0-15 cm layer. Similarly, water-stable aggregates (WSAs) >0.25 mm were 28% higher and their mean weight diameter increased by 11.9% in ZT-DSR/ DSW plus residues compared to PTR/DSW without crop residues plots. On average, there was a 23.6% increase in large (4.75-8.00 mm) aggregates and a reduction of 15.8% in finer (0.106A¢Â€Â’0.25 mm) aggregates in residue retention treatments over the no-residue treatments. In plots without puddling (ZT-DSR), the infiltration rates were higher (2.97-3.34 mmh-1) than in the CT-PTR (2.41-2.62 mmh-1). Residue retention compared to residue removal not only increased available K contents from 110.5 to 129.2 kg ha-1 but also showed favorable effects on soil matric potential and soil temperature during the wheat season. These beneficial effects on soil quality in just two years after introducing conservation tillage and residue management practices demonstrate potential to improve the long-term productivity and profitability of the RWS. However, the increased rate of infiltration under ZT with residue retention needs new irrigation techniques to minimize the loss of water through percolation during rice season.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83259632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}