{"title":"How to Tackle Global Warming","authors":"S. Peter","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-009","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming as the name suggests is global. Africa is no exemption. However, Africa has come up with solutions to global warming which do include effective land use planning to avoid forest degradation, developing renewable energy and lacking the expansion of coal fired power plants. Africa is likely to be most affected by impacts of global warming which are in the form of drought, famine, and desertification and population displacement [2].","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90335924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agroecology: Principles for the Conversion and Redesign of Farming Systems","authors":"C. Nicholls, M. Altieri, L. Vázquez","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-010","url":null,"abstract":"Modern agroecosystems require systemic change, but new redesigned farming systems will not emerge from simply implementing a set of practices (rotations, composting, cover cropping, etc.) but rather from the application of already well defined agroecological principles. These principles can be applied using various practices and strategies, each having different effects on productivity, stability and resiliency of the target farming system. By breaking the monoculture nature of farming systems, agroecological diversification aims at mimicking ecological processes leading to optimal nutrient cycling and organic matter turnover, soil biological activation, closed energy flows, water and soil conservation and balanced pest-natural enemy populations. All these processes are key maintaining the agroecosystem’s health, productivity and its self-sustaining capacity. By enhancing functional biodiversity, a major goal of the conversion process is achieved: strengthening the weak ecological functions in the agroecosystem, allowing farmers to gradually eliminate inputs altogether by relying instead on ecological processes and interactions.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87688163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resilience of marine protected areas: Linking species composition and biodiversity to ecosystem resistance","authors":"M. Becerro","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.C1.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.C1.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73464195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El Asri Fatima Zidane Hakima Maanan Mohamad Tamsouri Naoufal, Errhif Ahmed
{"title":"Community structure and spatial distribution of benthic fauna in the Oualidia lagoon (Moroccan Atlantic coast)","authors":"El Asri Fatima Zidane Hakima Maanan Mohamad Tamsouri Naoufal, Errhif Ahmed","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.C1.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.C1.024","url":null,"abstract":"M Zoanthid taxonomy is typically based on polyp structure and coenenchyme characteristics. Their morphological identification is still understudied. Zoanthids were seen to increase in the past decade and covered almost entire intertidal zone, however their diversity was unknown and extensive work was then carried out. The coastal area of entire Gujarat state was studied. Rocky intertidal zone was surveyed monthly and Zoanthids were recorded. Morphological diversity was studied for the colour of oral disc and the polyp structure and colony morphology. Colour card technique was utilized for Zoanthids, which proves to be an effective tool for the assessment of zoanthid and their colour morphs. 25 colour morphs of Zoanthus sansibaricus, 5 of Z. aff. sociatus, 5 of Z. vietnamensis, 2 of Z. kuroshio, 4 of Palythoa mutuki, 2 of P. heliodidscus, 3 of P. tuberculosa. Site wise distribution showed that Zoanthids from Marine National Park exhibited more of Fluorescent colour morphs and rest showed more of different colour patterns. Rocky intertidal zone of Sutrapada showed maximum diversity and Okha showed least diversity. Colony patterns taken as attributes for the study of diversity resulted in understanding the utilization of the substratum. Flat and bulbous colonies of Palythoa tuberculosa and stoloniferous colonies of Zoanthus spp. and Palythoa mutuki and P. heliodiscus were recorded. It was concluded that substratum played a major role in understanding the colony pattern and showed that there was species wise change in colony pattern. The paper will describe about the morphology of both the polyp and colony.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73649860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing Biodiversity with Emphasis on Sustainable Development","authors":"D. PranabPal","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-008","url":null,"abstract":"The biodiversity, which makes our lives both pleasurable and probable. No one knows precisely how many species arise on our world. According to specialist the total number of species on earth is in between 10 million to 80 million. We have been capable to procure only 1.4 million species so far. India has a flora of its possess and concerning 15000 species are widespread in this region. However biodiversity loss is continuing as a serious worry in many countries including India. Human population increase, indefensible consumerism, augmenting liberate of waste and pollutants, urbanization, international conflicts and unfairness in giving out of wealth and resources are presently being viewed in totality to ameliorate environmental problems as well as to make sure the potential of life on earth. Biodiversity is an umbrella expression acceptance numbers, assortment and variability of living organisms, the sum total of genetic materials within the organisms and the ecosystems in which they take place. Asia was the most horrible influence in terms of casualties owing to natural disasters - 65% of those killed in 2012 were Asians. Study conducted by specialist that 70% of worldwide genetic diversity of crop plants has already been gone during the last century owing to preface of elevated yielding and hybrid varieties of crops. Pollution has risen in numerous developing countries including India with elevated economic growth, as superiority of environment is ignored in favor of economic achievement. According to Global Ecology and Biogeography that global warming will make quite a lot of species of lizard go away extinct within the next 50 years. In India biodiversity is critical not only because it provides rather a few goods as well as services indispensable for human endurance, other than as well for the reason that it is unswervingly associated by means of as long as livelihoods on the way to along with improving socio-economic conditions of millions of our populace, consequently contributing to sustainable development in adding together to scarcity alleviation.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84552677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Parihar, S. Nama, C. P. Khichi, N. Shekhawat, M. Snehlata, Mathur Sc
{"title":"Near Shore -Shallow Marine (Ophiomorpha and Margaritichnus) Trace Fossils from Fatehgarh Formation of Barmer Basin, Western Rajasthan, India","authors":"V. Parihar, S. Nama, C. P. Khichi, N. Shekhawat, M. Snehlata, Mathur Sc","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000180","url":null,"abstract":"Two trace fossils namely Ophiomorpha and Margaritichnus have been reported from the Bariyara section of the Fatehgarh Formation of Barmer Basin. Here the Margaritichnus trace fossil sp. is the first record from the western Rajasthan. The present study area is located about 6 km south of Fatehgarh town and 70 kms north of Barmer on Bramer–Jaisalmer road. The Ophiomorpha trace fossils are found in white fine grained calcareous sandstone from lower siliciclastic sequence while Margaritichnus trace fossils occurs in dark brown medium to fine grained ferruginous sandstone of middle phosphorite - siliciclastic sequence of the Fatehgarh Formation of Barmer Basin. The Ophiomorpha trace fossils were considered as crustaceans and shrimps whereas Margaritichnus were mainly produced by worm–like deposits feeders such as sipunculids and priapulids or possibly hydrozoa. The ichnological and sedimentological investigations suggests near - coastal shallow marine depositional environment for the Fatehgarh Formation of the Barmer Basin. It is difficult to attribute a more specific age of Bariyara section of Fatehgarh Formation because of the long stratigraphic range of Margaritichnus (Permian-Cretaceous) and Ophiomorpha (Permian-Recent) as attributed the Fatehgarh Formation to the Cretaceous age on the basis of microvertebrate assemblages recorded from the same Bariyara section.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85442208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Greening a Tropical Abijata-Shala Lakes National Park, Ethiopia - A Review","authors":"T. Fetahi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000179","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review is to assess and document the status of Abijata-Shala Lakes’ National Park (ASLNP), to investigate the possible causes for the water level reduction of Lake Abijata and to promote sustainable utilization of the Park. The Park was established to protect and conserve large number of water birds that use Lake Abijata as feeding and Lake Shala as nesting and breeding grounds. Actually, Lake Shala is the continent’s most important breeding colony of great white pelicans. The Park also provides wintering ground and maintenance station for large number of birds including from Southern African, Sub-Saharan and Palaearctic species. Consequently, the Park was submitted to the Ramsar Convention on wetlands as an international important candidate site. However, this natural heritage is currently deteriorating due to human encroachment, grazing by cattle, uncontrolled water abstraction and other anthropogenic activities. Since the 1980s, the water level of Lake Abijata has significantly dropped, fishery has totally collapsed, and birds such as Lesser Flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor Geoffroy) and Great White Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus roseus) have been migrating to nearby lakes. Briefly, the lake is shrinking (so far greater than about 100 km2) and facing imminent threat of collapse obliterating the existence of the Park. As a result, the Park is one of IBAs (Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas) in danger sites, which are priority sites for immediate action. To improve this deteriorating condition of the Park, I demonstrate resources use of the Park within the framework of green economy, which protects ecosystem services and utilizes natural resources sustainably. Lastly, a few recommendations for management measures are outlined as mechanisms to protect the ecosystems and the park.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91351164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editor Note on Special Issue (Global Climate Change)","authors":"F. Evrendilek","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-E102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-E102","url":null,"abstract":"The Journal of Ecosystem and Ecography is an open access, peer reviewed, International journal that publishes scientific articles related to the latest research and development on eco system and its role in enhancing the quality of life on the Earth. The recently published special issue NO 5, Volume 6 on ‘Global Climate Change’ of the journal published many interesting aspects on this global concern of the millennium.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77281291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monitoring of Ecosystem Metabolisms through Remotely and Proximally Sensed High-frequency Data toward Enhanced Sinks and ReducedSources of Greenhouse Gases","authors":"F. Evrendilek, N. Karakaya","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-E101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-E101","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to predict the biogeochemical consequences of our actions for global climate failed as with the case of predicting many major natural, social, political or financial events throughout the human history. These unforeseen changes have been triggered by the interaction of many root causes such as unpredictable stochastic events, epistemological uncertainty, and lack of data to gauge the potential for changes to take place. In its constant and systematic search to be less wrong, however, the science strives for integrative and quantitative metrics and signals to better understand, monitor, predict and manage interdependencies and interconnections among society, environment, and economy.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88863097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pesticide Exposure and Human Health: A Review","authors":"Usman Asghar, M. F. Malik, Ayesha Javed","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.S5-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.S5-005","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at Department of Zoology, University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2014-2015. The data for the last two decades regarding pesticide exposure and human health was compiled through a thorough review of thirty three research articles published in various journals of international repute. The way of pesticide exposure and their health outcomes, including the neurological, fetal growth, birth and cancerous outcome. Several pesticides are effect as neurotoxins and cause neuronal disorder and degenerative diseases, some effect fetal growth and cause congenital anomalies and other are carcinogenic for human. The data analysis of international researcher revealed that due to extensive use of pesticide increase their exposure to human which result greatly increase the risk of cancer, neural and birth defects.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79484357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}