Journal of Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Current Efficacy of the First Line Uncomplicated Malaria Treatment in Two Sentinels Sites of Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"O. Touré, N’Guessan Tiacoh Landry, Ira Bonouman Ama Valerie, Assi Serge Brice, K. Emmanuel, Kokora Adonis, Yao Serge Stéphane, A. Eric, Kinifo-Lawson Viviane, Adji Eric Gbessi, Beourou Sylvain, Tuo Karil, A. Bérenger, G. Albert, D. Joseph","doi":"10.15344/2456-8007/2018/124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-8007/2018/124","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Artemisinin combination therapies have been wildly used in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in most endemic countries. This strategy has been implemented in Cote d’Ivoire since 2005 with Artesunate + Amodiaquine (AS + AQ) and Artemether + lumefantrine (AL). The goal of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of these two drugs in two sentinel’s sites, Man and Abidjan in Cote d’Ivoire. Methods: An open label, randomized, clinical trial was conducted in Man in the west and Abidjan in the south of Cote d’Ivoire. Patients older than 6 months with uncomplicated falciparum malaria after consent were randomized in AS+AQ and AL group and were followed up for 42 days. The first endpoint was Adequate Clinical and Parasitological Response adjusted by PCR at day 42. The second endpoints were fever and parasite clearance time, crude cure rate at day 42 and safety of the two ACTs. Results: A total of 241 patients were randomized in AS+AQ (120) and AL (121) group. The crude cure rate at day 42 in PP analysis was 95.8% and 87.9% in AS+AQ and AL respectively. After correction by PCR ACPR at day 42 was 99.2% in AS+AQ group and 97.4% in AL group. The two ACTs were well tolerated. Conclusion: AS+AQ and AL remains efficacious in the uncomplicated malaria treatment in the two areas but continue monitoring is needed particularly for AL.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82541030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of Quantitative Analysis of Toxic Biogenic Amines in Food Matrices","authors":"L. Pucciarini, F. Ianni, R. Galarini, R. Sardella, B. Natalini","doi":"10.15344/2456-8007/2018/123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-8007/2018/123","url":null,"abstract":"BAs are mostly formed by microbial decarboxylation of free amino acids during fermentation, storage or in food spoilage. For example, BAs can be generated in cheese by the action of a broad variety of microorganisms, including Bacillus, Clostridium, Hafnia, Klebsiella, Morganella morganii, Proteus, Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Instead, Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus typically grow up in fish, meat and their products [1], to cite but a few.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"237 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72576446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Dilute Povidone-Iodine against Multi- Drug Resistant Bacterial Biofilms, Fungal Biofilms and Fungal Spores","authors":"Kara Capriotti, J. Pelletier, S. Barone, J. Capriotti","doi":"10.15226/2378-1726/5/1/00174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2378-1726/5/1/00174","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the in vitro effect of novel low-dose povidoneiodine formulations against established biofilms of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans and to test the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of the same formulations against Candida auris, Trichophton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. Methods: Biofilms of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were developed on solid surfaces using the Calgary Biofilm Device plate. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration was then determined for each test drug and for control samples of known antimicrobials, ciprofloxacin and itraconazole. Quality control fungal strains of Candida auris, Trichophton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus were grown on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar plates as the growth medium for the anti-fungal susceptibility. Minimal Inhibitory Concentration was then determined for each test drug and for control samples of know antifungals, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Results: The low-dose povidone-iodine formulations completely eliminated all biofilms of bacterial and fungal species in the test systems. Ciprofloxacin was able to eradicate one bacterial biofilm only at concentrations greater than 0.25 ug/mL. Fluconazole was ineffective against C. albicans, A. fumigatus and C. auris. Amphotericin B had good anti-fungal activity against fungal strains. Conclusions: These novel dilute PVP-I formulations are effective anti-biofilm and anti-fungal /sporicidal agents in vitro. Further evaluation in living models is warranted.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81829036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Practice of Using And/or Cutting the Body With Sharp Objects: a case study of university students’ risk awareness in selected universities in abia state A Case Study of University Students’ Risk Awareness in Selected Universities in Abia State","authors":"E. Enwereji, E. Akubugwo, J. Onwuka, D.C.Chikezie","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2324-7339.JCRHAP-17-1908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2324-7339.JCRHAP-17-1908","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The practices of having extreme and permanent body modifications as in tattoos and scarifications are gaining popularity among youths especially those in the universities. Not minding the unbearable and painful pressure of sharp objects on the tissues and the risk of being infected with blood transmitted infections including HIV, youths still engage in these practices. This study aimed to examine the extent to which university students are aware of the risks of using improperly sterilized and disinfected sharp objects. Materials and method: First year students in three universities, Federal, State and Private Universities were used for the study. A random sample of ninety (90) students made up of 30 students from each of the three universities studied was used. Drama was used as an intervention that will create awareness on risks of utilizing sharp objects in making scarifications. The completed copies of self-administered preand post-drama questionnaire were collected and analyzed quantitatively using Tables and percentages.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90749417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral Vasoreactivity in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study","authors":"G. Sette, E. Indelicato, A. Fanciulli, J. Shofany, F. Pontieri","doi":"10.15344/2456-8007/2018/122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-8007/2018/122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular autonomic failure is a frequent non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), its key feature being orthostatic hypotension (OH). Recent studies suggest that blood pressure deregulation in PD may be associated with increased cerebrovascular damage. Cerebral vasoreactivity (CVR) refers to the vasodilatory response of cerebral arterioles to elevation of pCO2. Reduced CVR is considered a risk factor for chronic cerebrovascular damage in the setting of hypertension or severe carotid artery stenosis. Here we evaluated CVR in PD patients with or without cardiovascular autonomic failure and age-matched healthy subjects. Methods: Transcranial doppler ultrasound was applied to measure blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral arteries of 12 PD patients and 11 healthy subjects. CVR was quantified by means of the breath holding index (BHI). OH was identified during a standing test, and in this setting blood flow velocities were likewise recorded. Results: PD patients displayed significantly lower BHI compared to controls, independently from the presence of OH. Patients with OH had lower mean arterial blood flow velocities compared to those without OH, both in supine and orthostatic position. Conclusions: These preliminary results show interactions between cerebral hemodynamics and blood pressure disturbances in PD, that may contribute to chronic cerebrovascular ischemic damage in PD.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74836471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infections in Transplanted Patients","authors":"I. Bakardzhiev, M. Gospodinova, I. Todorov","doi":"10.15226/2378-1726/5/1/00173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2378-1726/5/1/00173","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-organ transplantation is a therapeutic option for many end-stage diseases. One of the most common complications in the post-transplant period are different kind of infections. They are caused by some bacterial pathogens such as Legionella spp., Nocardia spp., Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, many viral agents – Cytomegalovirus /CMV/, Herpes simplex virus / HSV/, Varicella-zoster virus /VZV/, Epstein-Barr virus /EBV/, and more rarely – fungi and parasites. The onset of the signs and symptoms is essential for establishing the diagnosis – wound infections occur during the first 30 days after transplantation, opportunistic infections – 2 to 6 month later, and beyond 6 months, recipients suffer from the same infections distributed in the general community. Infections in solid-organ transplant recipients are global socio-medical problem, leading to prolonged hospital stay, significant financial losses and disability /and high mortality rate/ of the patients.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77259528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a Ginger Infusion in Smokers with Reduced Salivary Flow Rate","authors":"M. Mesquita, M. Silva, M. Moncada, M. Bernardo, Maria Leonor Silva, L. Proença","doi":"10.15344/2456-8007/2018/121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-8007/2018/121","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) is a spice widely used and has been suggested to act beneficially on salivary secretion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ingestion of a ginger infusionin the salivary flow rate of smokers with reduced salivary secretion. Subjects and Methods: After review board and Ethic Committee of the State approval, sixteen smokers with reduced salivary flow were assigned in an auto-controlled study. The intervention consisted in the ingestion of a 250 mL ginger infusion with 0.5 g, three times a day for 28 days. Non-stimulated (Qns) and stimulated (Qss) saliva collection was performed by sialometry before and after the ingestion of the ginger infusion.A survey was used to collect age and smoking habits information. Chemical analysis was performed, in the ginger infusion, to quantify the total phenolic content (TFC) by Folin Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity (AA) by ABTS•+ and O2•− methods. The paired samples t-Student’s test and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used, at a significance level of 5%. Results: A statistically significant increase (p","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89793053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Timing of Elective Caesarean Deliveries and Early Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity in Term Neonates","authors":"Yasir I. Al Saddi, A. Tahir, Manal B. Baythoon","doi":"10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.v60i1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32007/jfacmedbagdad.v60i1.38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory distress is one of interesting presentation of elective caesarean deliveries, the presence of labor before elective caesarean delivery decrease the risk of respiratory distress adverse respiratory problem in neonate delivered before 39 weeks of gestation are increased. Aim: To evaluate the association between gestational age at delivery and neonatal respiratory outcomes after elective caesarean delivery between 37 and 41 completed weeks. Patients and methods: Descriptive study with prospectively collected data from Baghdad teaching hospital/ medical city at neonatal care unit. All infants of gestational age from 37 to 41 completed weeks, with uncomplicated pregnancy, of which 1407 were born by elective caesarean delivery compared to 1304, delivered by spontaneous vaginal delivery between 1st of September 2015 and 31st of January 2016. The neonates delivered by elective caesarean delivery were stratified into five groups according to the gestational age. Data including maternal age, indication of elective caesarean delivery birth weight, gender, respiratory outcomes (transient tachypnea of the newborn (transient tachypnea of the newborn), Respiratory distress syndrome pneumothorax) and also included others measures oxygen therapy, assisted ventilation, length of hospital stay and neonatal death. Results: There were 1407 neonates delivered by elective caesarean delivery compared with 1304 by spontaneous vaginal delivery of overall 118 neonate were admitted to the Neonatal care unit with Respiratory distress and receiving oxygen therapy or assisted ventilation. Early neonatal Respiratory distress risk was significantly higher in neonate delivered by elective caesarean delivery 108/1407 (7.7%) compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery 10/1304 (0.7%) (Eleven folds higher, odd ratio was 11.12 (5.61 to 22.04), p<0.0001). Respiratory distress risk decreased with each increment week of gestation from 37 weeks to 40 weeks, odd ratio 3.57 (1.69-7.53) for 37 weeks about four folds higher than 39 weeks, odd ratio 1.2 (0.52-2.76) for 38 weeks more than one fold higher than 39 weeks. Male newborns delivered by elective caesarean delivery more at risk of developing Respiratory distress than female. Requirement of assisted ventilation increased significantly with earlier week of gestation (p=0.004). The rate of Respiratory distress such as (transient tachypnea of the newborn, Respiratory distress syndrome and pneumothorax) increased with earlier gestational age for both group (elective caesarean delivery, and spontaneous vaginal delivery). The hospitalization days, also decreased with increased gestational age. Conclusions: Term neonates delivered by elective caesarean section are at increased risk for developing Respiratory distress compared vaginal delivery. The neonatal Respiratory distress decreased if elective caesarean delivery performed after 39 gestational weeks.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"86 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85622196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healing Of Skin Warts with Ultradiluted Homeopathic Medicines- A Study in 200","authors":"S. Shraddhamayananda","doi":"10.15226/2378-1726/4/5/00172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15226/2378-1726/4/5/00172","url":null,"abstract":"Historically HPV (Chart 1) is known as the cause of common and anogenital warts (Palefsky, [9]) and it is an important fact that 60% of all types of HPV cause warts which are the benign neoplasms. Cancer transformation in HPV infection is mainly due to three major viral oncoproteins (E5, E6, and E7) which cause alteration of cell cycle regulation and telomere maintenance and block tumor suppressor pathways and apoptosis. HPV shows specific tropism toward the epithelial basal layer, containing adult epithelial stem cells and HPV binding receptors integrin α6. The E6/E7 oncoproteins control cytokine expression which alter cell proliferation and interferon expression. Expression of HPV viral proteins and viral integration promotes chromosomal anomalies and cellular immortalization (Pullos, et al. [10]). There are more than 200 different HPV types which have been identified and classified into 5 genera, α, β, γ, μ, and ν. Cell mediated immunity generally terminates non-oncogenic HPV infection within 2 years Abstract","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"61 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74289670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Clinical Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias Arising After Lung Cancer Surgery","authors":"G. Bablekos, S. Michaelides","doi":"10.15344/2456-8007/2017/120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-8007/2017/120","url":null,"abstract":"In the present short review it is attempted to analyze and discuss, along with the appropriate clinical management, the risk factors promoting the emergence of supraventricular cardiac dysrhythmias (SVDs) after lung cancer surgery that may negatively influence the postoperative clinical outcome of these patients. By searching the relevant international literature of the last three decades (from January 1st 1990 to November 30th 2017) 30 out of 101 eligible articles were finally selected on the basis of their title and abstract. The key words which had been used are as follows: Arrhythmias, Cardiac (Mesh), Lung Neoplasms/Surgery (Mesh), Postoperative Complications (Mesh), Postoperative Period (Mesh). The impact of the autonomous nervous system tone, being influenced by the extent of thoracic surgical trauma, on the atria, is of paramount importance regarding the triggering of SVDs. Moreover, it seems that amiodarone constitutes a safe and efficient agent to either protect or restore disturbances of the sinus rhythm resulting from lung cancer surgery. Other medicines such as digitalis, verapamil, diltiazem and beta-blockers, with the exception of amiodarone, should not be administered after thoracic surgery in patients presenting Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. Verapamil and diltiazem is contraindicated in patients intravenously receiving beta-blockers or presenting congestive heart failure. The role of cardioversion to restore cardiac arrhythmias after thoracic surgery is also discussed along with the role of anti-coagulation treatment.","PeriodicalId":15586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83376263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}