Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A preclinical study on effect of betanin on sodium fluoride induced hepatorenal toxicity in Wistar rats.","authors":"Darrel Castelino, Amrita Parida, Bharti Chogtu Magazine, Aqsa Fathima, Mohandas Rao K G","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0262","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excessive fluoride exposure leads to increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, causing harmful effects on the metabolic organs in the human body. Betanin, a pigment obtained from beetroot, is seen to have powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The study was conducted to determine the role of betanin in fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity in Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty four rats were divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ (control) rats received 1 mL distilled water; group Ⅱ rats were administered 10 mg/kg of sodium fluoride (NaF); group Ⅲ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 50 mg/kg (low dose) betanin; group Ⅳ received 10 mg/kg NaF and 200 mg/kg (high dose) betanin. Animals were dosed orally for 90 days. Various markers of liver and kidney function as well as oxidative stress were measured. Liver and kidney samples were examined for histopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Animals in group Ⅱ had significantly increased levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen compared to the NaF + betanin treated animals (group Ⅲ & Ⅳ). Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide levels were significantly lower in rats treated with NaF + betanin (low and high dose). Histologically, in group II rats, signs of interstitial nephritis were seen in the kidneys while liver sections showed clear indication of features of fatty liver and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatment with betanin alleviated the severity of histopathological changes induced by NaF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Betanin significantly ameliorated NaF-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, therefore, has potential to be used as protective agent against fluoride induced hepato-renal toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"94-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apitherapy for diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications.","authors":"Andrés Jagua-Gualdrón, Nicolai Andrés García-Reyes, Roger Edwin Fernández-Bernal","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0367","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease in terms of its causes and pathophysiological processes, it produces a significant impact on health and leads to complications that are difficult to manage.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>This review summarizes and analyzes recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of diabetes mellitus and how apitherapy affects them. Also present the available clinical evidence on its application.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Apitherapy (complementary-integral use of beehive products) is a potentially useful therapeutic system with a significant level of evidence. This review shows and analyzes the preclinical and clinical evidence on the use of apitherapy in diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Outlook: </strong>Apitherapy shows significant effects on epigenetics, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, metabolic control, dysbiosis, premature cell death and tissue remodeling. Clinical evidence shows an impact on these mechanisms. Apitherapy is a very useful complementary medicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"228-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A potential therapeutic role of resveratrol in mitigating hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol and alcohol.","authors":"Mahra Ali Almazrouei, Vijaya Paul Samuel, Ruaa Faris Tawfeeq, Noha Khizarali Hashmi, Yusur Abbas Mahmood, Maitha Rashed Abdulla, Bashayer Abdulla Alshamsi, Manjunatha Goud, Naveen Kumar","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0380","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Drug-induced hepatotoxicity, particularly from ethanol and acetaminophen (APAP), is a pressing global health challenge. This damage arises from oxidative stress and inflammation, manifesting as elevated liver enzymes and structural liver alterations. Resveratrol and silymarin, recognized for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offer potential hepatoprotective benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated the hepatoprotective efficacy of resveratrol and silymarin, alone and in combination, in a rat model of ethanol- and APAP-induced liver injury. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control, ethanol-APAP, ethanol-APAP-resveratrol, ethanol-APAP-silymarin, and ethanol-APAP-resveratrol-silymarin. Treatments were administered orally for 10 days. Serum ALT and AST levels were assessed, and liver tissues underwent histological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ethanol and APAP administration significantly elevated ALT and AST levels, alongside severe liver structural disruptions. Treatment with resveratrol or silymarin alone normalized enzyme levels and improved liver histology. Notably, the combined resveratrol-silymarin treatment exhibited greater reductions in ALT and AST levels and superior restoration of liver architecture compared to either treatment alone, indicating a synergistic hepatoprotective effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Resveratrol and silymarin effectively counteract ethanol- and APAP-induced hepatotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation. Their combined use demonstrates a synergistic benefit, as evidenced by enhanced biochemical and histological improvements. These findings support the potential therapeutic role of these natural agents in managing drug-induced liver injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> aqueous leaf extract modulates metformin pharmacokinetics, inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.","authors":"Gabriel Akyirem Akowuah, Bassel Al Sabbagh, Vijayaraj Kumar Palanirajan, Yik-Ling Chew, Jin Han Chin, Mariam Ahmad","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0217","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong><i>Vernonia amygdalina</i> Del. leaves are used in traditional Southeast Asia and Africa medicinal practices. Metformin is used for diabetes management. This study investigated the effect of a single dose of aqueous leaf extract of <i>V. amygdalina</i> on metformin pharmacokinetics in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diabetic rats were randomly assigned to four groups, with six rats in each group. Group 1 was administered distilled water. Group 2 was administered <i>V. amygdalina</i> aqueous leaf extract alone. Group 3 was administered metformin alone. Group 4 was co-administered <i>V. amygdalina</i> extract plus metformin. Blood was collected at predetermined intervals, and plasma metformin levels were measured with liquid chromatography. The area under the curve (AUC_0-t), maximum plasma concentration (C_max), time to reach C_max (T_max), half-life (t_1/2), and clearance (CL), were calculated based on noncompartment analysis. The effect of the extract on CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and UGT activities was determined using a Fluorometric Screening Kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined treatment altered the pharmacokinetic parameters of metformin. The T_max increased from 90±0.18 min to 180±0.13 min and the C_max, increased from 0.91±0.32 μg/mL to 2.153±0.28 μg/mL. Additionally, the AUC_(0-t) increased from 118.25±1.37 μg min mL^-1 to 301.006±1.96 μg min mL^-1 and the t_1/2 increased from 34.69±0.61 min to 101.321±0.55 min. However, the CL rate was decreased. The extract inhibited CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 enzyme activities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters by the extract suggests potential herb-drug interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"134-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, structural characterization, and molecular docking studies on the bioactive compound from n-Hexane extract of <i>Emilia sonchifolia</i> (L.) DC against the pancreatic cancer target Aurora 2 Kinase.","authors":"Pratibha Prabhakaran, Chella Perumal Palanisamy, Abirami Shanmugam, Prabhu Damodharan, Harshini Swaminathan, Dhivya Devaraj, Rathi Muthaiyan Ahalliya, Gopalakrishnan Velliyur Kanniappan","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0290","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Natural flora historically has played a substantial part in drug development since they serve as active ingredients in medications and templates for the synthesis of novel pharmaceuticals. <i>Emilia sonchifolia</i> is a conventionally utilised therapeutic flora in Indian pharmacopoeia. Therefore, the current study is intended to separate, structurally describe and analyse the anti-pancreatic cancer potential of isolated natural bio-constituents from <i>E. sonchifolia</i> (L.) DC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>n-Hexane extract using chromatographic techniques and structurally characterize them using spectroscopic techniques. Further, <i>in silico</i> molecular docking method was employed to investigate the bioactivity of the isolated compound against Aurora 2 Kinase (pancreatic cancer target protein).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A mixture of stigmasterol with straight-chain monounsaturated alcohol (C₄₉H₈₆O) was isolated and identified from the aerial parts of <i>E. sonchifolia</i> using chromatographic techniques. The docking results showed that the isolated natural compound of stigmasterol with straight-chain monounsaturated alcohol has good docking results compared with Food and Drug Administration-permitted medicine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the outcomes, it can be concluded that the stigmasterol with straight-chain monounsaturated alcohol may act as a novel inhibitor for Aurora 2 Kinase. In the future, it may lead to the development of drugs targeting Aurora 2 Kinase for the effective treatment of pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical characterization and evaluation of the biological activity spectrum of ethanolic fruit extract of <i>Garcinia indica</i>: a less explored plant of Ayurveda.","authors":"Pooja Kushwaha, Rumana Ahmad, Aditi Srivastava, Anchal Trivedi, Akshay Kumar Gupta, Sudhir Mehrotra","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0234","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong><i>Garcinia indica</i> (commonly known as kokum) has been employed in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine since ancient times. Every part of the plant has its own set of advantages and applications. Therefore, the present evaluates the phytochemical composition and biological activity spectrum of the ethanolic fruit extract of <i>G. indica.</i></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ethanolic extract of fruits of <i>G. indica</i> (GIFEE) underwent TPC and TFC quantification, with bioactive components characterized <i>via</i> GC-MS and HPLC. The disc diffusion method was used for assessing the antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). GIFEE was employed to assess the cytotoxic impact on MDA-MB-231 cells through the utilisation of the MTT. The administered dosage of the extract ranged from 10-45 μg/mL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TPC and TFC of GIFEE were determined to be 255.09 ± 4.7 mg GAE/g and 184.83 ± 3.2 mg QE/g dry mass of the extract, respectively. Furthermore, GIFEE demonstrated antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i> and a strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀=51.46 μg/mL). GIFEE induced strong anticancer activity (IC₅₀=20 μg/mL) against the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, while had no discernible impact on normal human HEK-293 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By virtue of a high phenolic and flavonoid content and possessing potent anticancer activity profile <i>in vitro</i>, GIFEE appears to be a promising candidate for future and further testing <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> as an effective 'adjunct'/complementary medicine in cancer chemotherapy regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of gastric tolerability for long-term use of diclofenac and celecoxib in male albino rats and potential gastroprotective benefits of royal jelly: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Amira A A Othman","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0324","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for pain and inflammation relief. Our study aimed to explore the ulcerogenic effect of long-term diclofenac and celecoxib administration on male albino stomachs, focusing on the possible gastroprotective effect of royal jelly (RJ) administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five equal groups of 50 male albino rats. The drug dosages were: diclofenac potassium (10 mg/kg/day), celecoxib (50 mg/kg/day), and RJ (300 mg/kg/day), for 4 weeks. Group 1 received no medication. Group 2 received oral diclofenac potassium. Group 3 received oral RJ plus diclofenac potassium. Group 4 received celecoxib orally. Group 4 received oral RJ plus celecoxib. When the experiment was over, rats were euthanized, blood samples were gathered, and stomachs were dissected out. Stomachs were examined for ulcer counts. Serum levels of MDA and SOD were determined. Gastric mucosa contents of MDA, SOD, PGE2, MPO, apoptotic (Bax), and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) genes were measured. Gastric tissue was also analyzed histopathologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Long-term administration of diclofenac and celecoxib, in such dose and duration, caused each of the aforementioned parameters to significantly deteriorate, with significant improvement with RJ co-administration. Diclofenac developed severe gastric ulcers in group 2, and RJ co-administration significantly reduced the gastric mucosa damage in group 3. Celecoxib developed no gastric ulcer in both groups 4 and 5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term use of diclofenac in male albino rats caused severe gastric ulcers with significant gastroprotective effects of RJ. Celecoxib provides preferable GI tolerability; thus, it should be prescribed for patients at increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding requiring NSAIDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"181-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction of hypoxic effects on target organs in pneumonia with phytotherapy.","authors":"Alla Philippova, Raisa Aringazina, Roberto Lozano, Yuliya Tikhonova","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0214","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the combination of stellasterin, quercetin, and kaempferol - components of the phytopreparation ginseng (trade name Panax) - in the treatment of tissue hypoxia occurring in patients with viral and bacterial pneumoni.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An analytical single-center method of network pharmacology was utilized, involving 110 individuals divided into two subgroups: placebo and Panax phytopreparation. The therapy course lasted 2 months, after which physical (forced vital capacity, respiratory volume, oxygen saturation) and laboratory (total ATPase, Na+/K+-ATPase, glucose, leukocytes) parameters were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of kaempferol, stellasterin, and quercetin increased the activity of total ATPase compared to baseline measurements in pneumonia patients with respiratory insufficiency, as well as compared to the placebo group. Thus, phytopreparations capable of controlling or limiting inflammatory reactions in various types of pneumonia and accompanying hypoxia represent promising adjunctive therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the increasing incidence of viral and bacterial pneumonia, there is a growing need to develop new treatment strategies for patients and improve hypoxia outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"200-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An <i>in vitro</i> investigation on the physicochemical properties of different quercetin formulations.","authors":"Afoke Ibi, Chuck Chang, Yiming Zhang, Yun Chai Kuo, Min Du, Kyle Roh, Roland Gahler, Julia Solnier","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-2002","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-2002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Quercetin is a naturally occurring plant flavonoid commonly used as a nutritional supplement due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Its well-known low bioavailability has led to the design of different quercetin formulations by various commercial entities seeking to market a highly bioavailable quercetin product. This study investigates four different commercially available quercetin formulations (LMQ, QUX, QUO, and QUV) for their physicochemical properties that influence bioavailability. LMQ and QUX are liquid-based formulations while QUO and QUV are solid powder-based formulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were conducted on particle size using a particle size analyzer; solubility (in water, simulated gastric and intestinal fluid) using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) to quantify the quercetin content; intestinal permeability and toxicity using Caco-2 cells and HepG2 liver cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LMQ and QUX had the narrowest particle size distribution as well as the highest solubility while QUO and QUV had the widest particle size distribution but the poorest solubility. One formulation (QUO) exhibited a significant reduction in cell viability with HepG2 and Caco-2 cells including a significant decrease in TEER value change (-39.0 %; p<0.01); its higher Caco-2 cell permeability (P_app 2.85 × 10^-4 ± 4.22 × 10^-5; p<0.05) likely resulted from reduced membrane integrity. The other formulations significantly increased the TEER value within the first 4 h (<b>≥</b>22.7 %; p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The particle size distribution of each of the individual formulations reflected their solubilities in water and gastrointestinal fluids. Despite QUO having the highest permeability, its negative change in TEER value over time revealed its evident cytotoxic effects. QUV performed poorly in terms of solubility, and permeability. LMQ and QUX were the most consistent across each study with LMQ performing better than QUX overall. Findings of this study present one formulation (LMQ) with superior intestinal absorption while maintaining high cell viability, thus making it one of the safer and more effective quercetin formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"490-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential: integrating phytoconstituents and nanotechnology in skin cancer therapy - A comprehensive review.","authors":"Abhishek Tiwari, Varsha Tiwari, Ajay Sharma, Arya Lakshmi Marrisetti, Manish Kumar, Ankit Rochani, Deepak Kaushik, Vineet Mittal, Renuka Jyothi S, Haider Ali, Md Sadique Hussain, Gaurav Gupta","doi":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0338","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jcim-2024-0338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin carcinoma, which includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma, is influenced by various factors such as genetic predisposition, chemical exposures, immune system imbalances, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This review delves into the mechanisms behind the development of these cancers, exploring the therapeutic potential of microbial, plant derived compounds and nanoparticles in advancing skin cancer treatments. Special attention is given to the cytotoxic effects of anti-neoplastic agents from microbial sources on different cancer cell lines, particularly melanoma. Additionally, the review highlights the role of phytochemicals - such as quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin alongside vitamins, terpenoids, and sulforaphane, in management of skin cancers through mechanisms like apoptosis induction and cell cycle regulation. Recent advancements in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, including NP and microemulsion formulations, are also discussed for their enhanced ability to specifically target cancer cells. The diverse roles of NPs in skin cancer therapy, especially in terms of targeted drug delivery and immune modulation, are reviewed. These innovative NPs formulations have showed improved skin penetration and tumor-specific delivery, reduced systemic toxicity and enhanced therapeutic effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":15556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"237-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}