Journal of Comparative Neurology最新文献

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70217

Blanca Sánchez-Moreno, Yaiza Gramuntell, Patrycja Klimczak, Evelina Bäcker, Juan Nácher, Javier Gilabert-Juan

引用次数: 0

Physiological Postnatal Neurogenesis, Development, and Maturation in the Regenerable Retina 再生视网膜的生理性产后神经发生、发育和成熟。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70212

Vivian Y. Pang, Wenhui Zhong, Zhuo Yang, Samuel Wu, Ji-Jie Pang

{"title":"Physiological Postnatal Neurogenesis, Development, and Maturation in the Regenerable Retina","authors":"Vivian Y. Pang, Wenhui Zhong, Zhuo Yang, Samuel Wu, Ji-Jie Pang","doi":"10.1002/cne.70212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The retina enlarges postnatally by ∼440% in axolotls and ∼150% in humans, predicting a reduction in neuron densities by 81.5% and 60%, respectively, if neurogenesis is absent. The concurrent retinal remodeling is poorly characterized. We studied retinas of 2–15 cm axolotls. Results showed that hatchling (∼2 cm) retinas, particularly the peripheral (Peri) had 1–2 more soma rows in the ganglion cell (GCL) layer and outer (ONL) and inner nuclear (INL) layers. Cell density reduced in GCL (GCs, −49%) in juveniles (4–12 cm) but increased in INL (74%) and ONL (55.5%) in young juveniles (4–6 cm), demonstrating intensive neurogenesis. Central retina (Cnt) in juveniles thickened (47 µm), and photoreceptor outer segments (OSs) elongated (32 µm). Peri of 2–6 cm animals possessed more undifferentiated cells (triangular doublecortin (DCX)+++; columnar DCX+/glutamine synthetase (GS)+ or DCX−/GS+) and higher density ratios of amacrine cells (ACs)/cones (4.4–2.1), bipolar cells (BCs)/cones (1.9–1.7), rods/cones (1.6–1), and GCs/cones (2–0.6), respectively, compared to 1.6–0.4 in Cnt; double-strand (ds) DNA signals of rods, horizontal cells, and putative OFFBCs in older animals resembled immature neurons. It suggests maturation sequences of GCL > ONL > INL, Cnt > Peri, and cone- and ON pathways > rod- and OFF pathways. S- and L/M-opsins peaked in juveniles, revealing L/M-opsin+ cones, S-opsin+ rods and cones, and weak-L/M-opsin+ rods of a thinner or thicker OS. Cx36 increased in 4–15 cm animals. GABA signals in late juveniles (7–12 cm) were maximal, light-enhanced, and revealed ACs, rod spherules, and Müller cells, suggesting stronger GABA release and transport. Thus, the retina undergoes critical post-hatch development, generating neurons and strengthening excitatory signaling, electrical coupling, and inhibitory regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cne.70212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Development of an Asymmetric Accessory Olfactory Bulb in Octodon degus and the Influence of Social Behavior in Its Establishment 章鱼不对称副嗅球的发育及社会行为对其形成的影响。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70210

Pedro Fernandez-Aburto, Scarlett E. Delgado, Jaime Mulet, Karina Buldrini, Raúl Sobrero, Jorge Mpodozis

{"title":"The Development of an Asymmetric Accessory Olfactory Bulb in Octodon degus and the Influence of Social Behavior in Its Establishment","authors":"Pedro Fernandez-Aburto, Scarlett E. Delgado, Jaime Mulet, Karina Buldrini, Raúl Sobrero, Jorge Mpodozis","doi":"10.1002/cne.70210","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.70210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The vomeronasal system (VNS) has been extensively associated with the regulation of sexual and social behaviors in mammals. In rodents, this system comprises two types of vomeronasal neurons sending parallel projections from the vomeronasal organ (VNO) to the anterior and posterior portions of the accessory olfactory bulb (aAOB and pAOB, respectively). Caviomorph rodents develop either a larger aAOB bias or a larger pAOB bias, which has been associated with ecological traits related to the pheromonal communication displayed by these species. However, it is still unknown how and when such AOB asymmetries emerge and whether experience may influence their establishment. To explore these factors, we studied the development of the VNS in <i>Octodon degus</i>, a caviomorph that exhibits an asymmetric AOB, in which the aAOB is larger and has more glomeruli than the pAOB. We found that both the VNO and the AOB are present at birth, but exhibit substantial immature traits. Both VNS structures develop postnatally, showing mature patterns by the end of the first postnatal month. By the second postnatal week, the aAOB becomes larger in size than the pAOB; however, in the glomerular layer, such a bias appears later, by the end of the first postnatal month. The AOB asymmetry increases in extent until adulthood, as in this period the pAOB shows a slower growth rate than the aAOB. Additionally, we found that animals raised in restricted social contexts displayed a reduced AOB asymmetry in comparison to wild degus. Overall, we suggest that social experiences contribute to the development of the AOB asymmetry in degus.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Nucleus of the Brachium of the Inferior Colliculus Contains Thalamic-Like and Midbrain-Like Subregions 下丘臂核包含丘脑样亚区和中脑样亚区。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70207

Tetsufumi Ito, Katsumasa Takahashi, Mamiko Yamamoto, Shinichiro Okamoto, Megumu Takahashi, Hiroyuki Hioki, Khaleeq Ahmad Saqib

{"title":"The Nucleus of the Brachium of the Inferior Colliculus Contains Thalamic-Like and Midbrain-Like Subregions","authors":"Tetsufumi Ito, Katsumasa Takahashi, Mamiko Yamamoto, Shinichiro Okamoto, Megumu Takahashi, Hiroyuki Hioki, Khaleeq Ahmad Saqib","doi":"10.1002/cne.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ventral division of the medial geniculate body (MGV) is the core auditory thalamic nucleus and is bordered dorsally, medially, and ventrally by shell nuclei; a caudal shell counterpart has not been identified. The nucleus of the brachium of the inferior colliculus (nBIC), long viewed as a rostral extension of the midbrain IC, contains neurons that project to auditory and adjacent cortex, blurring the thalamus–midbrain boundary. We hypothesized that the nBIC contains both thalamic-like and midbrain-like neurons. We combined cytoarchitectural, neuroanatomical, and molecular approaches to test the hypothesis: Viral tracing to differentially tag thalamocortical and tectothalamic populations, retrograde cortical labeling, in situ hybridization for VGLUT2 and VGAT, and immunohistochemistry for GAD67, calretinin, and parvalbumin. The nBIC segregated into two zones: a rostrolateral region virtually devoid of GABAergic cells and enriched for glutamatergic neurons, and a caudomedial region containing intermingled GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons. Thalamocortical nBIC neurons were confined to the rostrolateral zone, whereas tectothalamic neurons were concentrated caudomedially; spatial analyses confirmed segregation. Cortically projecting nBIC neurons expressed VGLUT2 mRNA and lacked collaterals in the medial geniculate or superior colliculus, instead arborizing in the striatum and auditory cortex. Calcium-binding markers further differentiated the zones, with calretinin enriched rostrally and parvalbumin increasing caudally. These data indicate that, although indistinct by Nissl cytoarchitecture, the nBIC is a chimeric structure composed of a thalamus-like, thalamocortical rostrolateral zone and a midbrain-like caudomedial zone, suggesting a caudal shell-type complement to the MGV.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological Comparison of Human Midgestational and Mouse Postnatal Retinal Development 人类妊娠中期和小鼠出生后视网膜发育的形态学比较。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70208

Raluca Pascalau, Razvan Ciortea, Diana Petre, Sergiu Susman, Tudor Constantin Badea

{"title":"Morphological Comparison of Human Midgestational and Mouse Postnatal Retinal Development","authors":"Raluca Pascalau, Razvan Ciortea, Diana Petre, Sergiu Susman, Tudor Constantin Badea","doi":"10.1002/cne.70208","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cne.70208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding retinal development is important for better explaining retinal function and disease and as a model for generating retinal organoids and retinal regeneration strategies. Although development of mouse retina is studied in great detail, timing of retinal cell type development in humans is still poorly understood. This study aims to compare developmental steps in the human midgestational and mouse early postnatal retinas and to establish timeline correspondents and their anatomical landmarks. Immunofluorescence analysis of retinal cryosections was performed on human retinas collected from fetuses of 15 to 27 gestational weeks (GW15–GW27) and mouse retina from pups ranging from 0 to 14 days (P0–P17). Markers for retina vascularization, cell type development, and layer lamination were determined and compared across species and developmental ages. Vascularization emerges and progresses over the investigated developmental timespan in both species. In parallel, lamination of nuclear layers progresses from two (ganglion cell layer = GCL vs. neuroblast layer = NBL) layers to the mature pattern of three layers (GCL—inner nuclear layer = INL—outer nuclear layer = ONL). Molecular markers of retinal cell types and markers of inner plexiform layer (IPL) lamination are appearing at the onset of the studied time points and progressively settle into the adult pattern of localization. A strong central-to-peripheral delay is observed in human retinas at GW18 and GW20. It therefore appears that human midgestation retina development is mirrored in the first 2 weeks of mouse postnatal development. The present work closes a gap in the literature concerning the correlation between human and mouse retinal maturation timelines. The stages identified and their anatomical landmarks may provide as a basis for future comparative studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149110336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure Guides Function: Beyond Pairwise Neural Interactions 结构引导功能：超越成对神经相互作用。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70213

Alexander Maier

引用次数: 0

Most Early-Born Subplate Neurons Persist as Layer 6b Neurons in the Adult Mouse Neocortex 大多数早期出生的亚板神经元在成年小鼠新皮层中以6b层神经元的形式存在

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70200

Yusuke Sugita, Keiko Moriya-Ito, Carina Hanashima, Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama

{"title":"Most Early-Born Subplate Neurons Persist as Layer 6b Neurons in the Adult Mouse Neocortex","authors":"Yusuke Sugita, Keiko Moriya-Ito, Carina Hanashima, Chiaki Ohtaka-Maruyama","doi":"10.1002/cne.70200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subplate neurons (SpNs) are early-born neurons in the mammalian neocortex and play a pivotal role in cortical development. It is widely believed that SpNs are predominantly lost due to postnatal cell death, with only a few remnants contributing to layer 6b (L6b) neurons in the adult neocortex, but the extent to which SpNs persist as L6b neurons remains largely unknown. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive birthdate analysis using multiple ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) injections over 24 h, thereby precisely tracking the survival and distribution of SpNs in the adult mouse neocortex. We further estimated the total number of SpNs and L6b neurons based on the total volumes of the subplate and L6b, quantified by employing 3D tissue clearing. Our findings reveal that a significant proportion of L6b neurons are remnants of SpNs and comprise diverse subtypes reminiscent of those in the postnatal period (SpNs: 319,588 ± 49,263, L6b neurons: 316,720 ± 11,268). This study provides direct evidence showing that most L6b neurons in the adult mouse neocortex originate as SpNs during the earliest stages of neurogenesis and persist throughout life.</p>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cne.70200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of Proliferation in the Pacific Hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) Retina Suggest an Ancient Origin for Adult Neurogenesis 太平洋盲鳗（Eptatretus stoutii）视网膜的增殖模式表明成年神经发生的古老起源

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70206

Sarah N. Bradshaw, William T. Allison

{"title":"Patterns of Proliferation in the Pacific Hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) Retina Suggest an Ancient Origin for Adult Neurogenesis","authors":"Sarah N. Bradshaw, William T. Allison","doi":"10.1002/cne.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Comparative morphology has revealed fascinating structural and organizational differences in the eyes of cyclostomes (jawless vertebrates) compared to gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). This work has helped us to better understand the evolutionary origin of the vertebrate retina, but certain questions remain unresolved. Here we complement that approach by examining retinal development. We sought to characterize post-larval (“adult”) retinogenesis in a representative cyclostome, the Pacific hagfish (<i>Eptatretus stoutii</i>). Knowledge of hagfish neurodevelopment is limited by poor access to embryos, but evidence suggests continued retinal neurogenesis occurs late into their ontogeny. A brief pulse of EdU was used to detect proliferating cells, if any, in the retina. This was followed by in situ hybridization to test whether homologs of gnathostome genes might have conserved expression patterns that direct retinogenesis in a jawless vertebrate. EdU+ cells were detected at the retinal periphery of the hagfish (a region reminiscent of the ciliary marginal zone of gnathostomes) and within the central retina. In addition, hagfish eyes were found to express several key genes required for vertebrate retinal neurogenesis. At least two of these genes, <i>OtxA</i> and <i>Rx</i> (retinal homeobox), were enriched within the proliferative retinal periphery. These findings support adult retinogenesis as an ancient and deeply conserved trait within the vertebrate lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cne.70206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Castration on the Expression of Androgen and Estrogen Receptors in Neurons of the Anterior Pelvic Ganglion in the Male Pig 去势对雄性猪盆腔前神经节神经元雄激素和雌激素受体表达的影响

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-27 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70204

Natalia Kasica, Jerzy Kaleczyc, Waldemar Sienkiewicz, Ewa Lepiarczyk

{"title":"Effect of Castration on the Expression of Androgen and Estrogen Receptors in Neurons of the Anterior Pelvic Ganglion in the Male Pig","authors":"Natalia Kasica, Jerzy Kaleczyc, Waldemar Sienkiewicz, Ewa Lepiarczyk","doi":"10.1002/cne.70204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.70204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of the current investigation was to determine the effect of neonatal castration on the expression of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) in the neurons of the anterior pelvic ganglion (APG) in male pigs. Receptor expression was quantitatively assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Ganglia were sampled from intact pigs at 7 days of age (the day of castration) and from both intact and castrated animals at 3 and 6 months postsurgery. qPCR analysis of the intact boars revealed a significantly elevated gene expression level (GEL) of AR at 6 months of age compared to 3 months and 7 days of age. Conversely, the GEL of ERα was comparable across all age groups in the intact animals. Gene expression analysis of ERβ in the pelvic ganglia of both intact and castrated pigs consistently indicated very low levels. In the 3-month-old castrated cohort, the GELs of AR and ERα were significantly elevated compared to those in age-matched intact pigs. Conversely, the GEL of ERβ did not exhibit a significant difference between the castrated and intact groups. Immunofluorescence investigations complemented the qPCR data, revealing that numerous APG neurons across all control and experimental groups demonstrated immunoreactivity for AR, ERα, and ERβ, confirming the translation and presence of all three receptor types within the neuronal somata. These data collectively suggest that, in the male pig, pelvic neurons constitute a component of autonomic circuits that are highly dependent on sex steroids and are implicated in the regulation of urogenital function. Furthermore, the sensitization of these neurons to sex hormones, likely involving not only androgens but also estrogens (primarily mediated via ERα), appears to be a dynamic, maturational process that occurs during the prepubertal period.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of Thalamo-Telencephalic Circuits in a Reptile 爬行动物丘脑-端脑回路的发育

IF 2.3 4区医学

Journal of Comparative Neurology Pub Date : 2026-09-27 DOI: 10.1002/cne.70203

Michael B. Pritz

{"title":"Development of Thalamo-Telencephalic Circuits in a Reptile","authors":"Michael B. Pritz","doi":"10.1002/cne.70203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neuronal circuits are a core component required for proper brain function and organization. How these circuits are built remains incompletely understood. The vast majority of studies on forebrain development have investigated mammals. Whether the described observations found in mammals apply to other vertebrates is unknown. The present report examined the development of forebrain circuits that interconnect the dorsal thalamus and the telencephalon in <i>Alligator mississippiensis</i>. A tracer, neurobiotin, which is transported in both an anterograde and retrograde fashion, was used. Four circuits were identified after neurobiotin placement into either the diencephalon or in the forebrain bundles themselves. Three circuits ascended from the dorsal thalamus to the telencephalon. These were: the ipsilateral lateral forebrain bundle and the ipsilateral and contralateral medial forebrain bundles. The other circuit descended from the basal nuclei to connect with the dorsal thalamus. The first circuit to develop was the basal nuclei to dorsal thalamus circuit followed by the lateral forebrain bundle and lastly by the medial forebrain bundle. Because it preceded the formation of the three other circuits, the basal nuclei to the dorsal thalamus tract is suggested to serve as a scaffold for the other three circuits to follow. The formation of synapses by lateral forebrain bundle axons in the telencephalon was determined by immunohistochemistry using a synaptic vesicle glycoprotein. Synapse formation in the telencephalon from lateral forebrain bundle axons occurred before hatching. This suggested that information carried by the lateral forebrain bundle was critical for survival upon hatching. Medial forebrain bundle axon connections may become functional only after hatching.</p>","PeriodicalId":15552,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Neurology","volume":"534 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cne.70203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149068353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0