Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology最新文献_第8页

Some Biological Contents and Radical Scavenging Activities of Five Artemisia L. Species Growing in Turkey 土耳其五种青蒿的生物学含量及自由基清除活性研究

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000172

M. KurÅat, Ö. YÄ±lmaz, I. Emre, Å. Civelek, Z. Gökçe

{"title":"Some Biological Contents and Radical Scavenging Activities of Five Artemisia L. Species Growing in Turkey","authors":"M. KurÅat, Ö. YÄ±lmaz, I. Emre, Å. Civelek, Z. Gökçe","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, fatty acid compositions, vitamin and sterol contents, flavonoid constituents and radical scavenging activity of extracts of the Artemisia species from Turkey (A. absinthium L., A. vulgaris L., A. austriaca Jacq., A. verlotiorum Lamotte and A. caucasica Willd.) are studied. Results of present study demonstrated that the main fatty acids in the extracts of Artemisia L. are determined as palmitic acid (C16:0; 7.1-25.9%), stearic acid (C18:0; 2.6-12.5%), palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n9; 1.3-13.1%), oleic acid (C18:1 n9; 1.5-20.3%), linoleic acid (C18:2 n6; 14.1-63.4%), docosadienoic acid (C22:2; 1.6-10.3%). Lipide-soluble vitamin contents of Artemisia L. species are found low concentrations. Also, it is determined that A. absinthium and A. vulgaris have rich in term of ergosterol content. Furthermore, it is showed that Artemisia L. species studied rich in flavonoid content apart from A. vulgaris. It is determined that quercetin and kaempferol contents of Artemisia L. species are low. In addition, it is observed that the studied Artemisia L. species posses strong DPPH radical scavenging activity.","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"57 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80772982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Efficacy Study of Livartho against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Sprague Dawley Rats 利华多抗扑热息痛致成年大鼠肝毒性的研究

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000175

V. Dwivedi, J. Mishra, A. Shrivastava

{"title":"Efficacy Study of Livartho against Paracetamol Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adult Sprague Dawley Rats","authors":"V. Dwivedi, J. Mishra, A. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000175","url":null,"abstract":"Liver disease is a worldwide problem. It is an exposed to many kinds of xenobiotics and therapeutic agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate therapeutic effect of Livartho drug in paracetamol induced hepatic damage Sprague dawley rats. Paracetamol at the dose level of 900mg/kg body weight administered through intraperitoneal route once daily for one week to produced liver damage in rats as manifested by the significantly decrease body weight and feed consumption along with significantly increase liver organ weight and serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total bilirubin, cholesterol and triglyceride and decrease the total protein and albumin levels along with significantly increase myloperoxidase enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels as compared to control group. The antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), total thiol and GSH/ GSSG ratio were also found lowered in paracetamol treated group as compared with control. After treatment with Livartho drug (206.6 mg/kg body weight) once daily for 16 days to paracetamol treated rats shows significantly lowered the afore mentioned biochemical parameter whereas protein and albumin levels were increased along with significant increased above mentioned antioxidant enzymatic parameters. The results of this study strongly indicate that Livartho drug is most effective medicine which has potent hepatoprotective action and free radical scavenger against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in Sprague dawley rats.","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74895004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

The Role of Biotransformation in Drug Discovery and Development 生物转化在药物发现和开发中的作用

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-12-28 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000196

Selamu Kebamo, Shibiru Tesema, Bekesho Geleta

{"title":"The Role of Biotransformation in Drug Discovery and Development","authors":"Selamu Kebamo, Shibiru Tesema, Bekesho Geleta","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000196","url":null,"abstract":"Biotransformation is a process by which organic compounds are transformed from one form to another, aided by organisms such as bacteria, fungi and enzymes. It plays a major role and determines the fate of the prospective drugs. Biotransformation must take place only after the drugs reach their specific target site and produce the desired effects. In addition, the nature of the metabolites produced from the drug, must be thoroughly studied; otherwise, the drugs would be rejected during the screening process. Hence, drug metabolism is a major criterion in the highthroughput screening of prospective drugs. \u0000Biotransformation has an important role in the determination of the pharmacokinetic parameters like oral bioavailability, drug-drug interaction, clearance and the half-life of the entity within the cell. It is very essential in the toxicity studies too. Biotransformation is used as a valuable strategy to build molecules, similar to parent drug in the drug discovery programme. It can play an important role in identifying factors underlying the problems, facilitate the optimal selection of compounds for further development, provide information on metabolites for possible improvement in drug design, and contribute to the identification of the appropriate animal species for subsequent toxicity testing. Hence, so","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"142 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80176294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Effect of Radiofrequency Waves Emitted From Conventional WIFI Devices on Some Oxidative Stress Parameters in Rat Kidney 传统WIFI设备射频波对大鼠肾脏氧化应激参数的影响

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-12-28 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000195

H. Fahmy, F. F. Mohammed, Radwa T Abdelrahman, M. A. Elfetoh, Yomna A Mohammed

{"title":"Effect of Radiofrequency Waves Emitted From Conventional WIFI Devices on Some Oxidative Stress Parameters in Rat Kidney","authors":"H. Fahmy, F. F. Mohammed, Radwa T Abdelrahman, M. A. Elfetoh, Yomna A Mohammed","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000195","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Fidelity (WIFI) is widely used in cell phones, computers and electronic devices to access the Internet. It is unclear whether or not the frequency range of the WIFI has any harmful biological effects. In this report, the effect of standard 2.45 GHz radio frequency source (Averaged whole body specific absorption rate (SAR) 0.01 W/ Kg, 24 hours daily for 40 successive days) on some oxidative stress parameters was examined in Wistar female rats. We found that exposure to WIFI decreased the malondialdehyde levels as well as the glutathione-S-transferase and catalase activities. Moreover, the activity of superoxide dismutase showed significant increase in the WIFIexposed group relative to the control group. Meanwhile, kidney functions were found to be unaffected. In addition, no significant histological alterations in rats’ kidneys were detected in WIFI-exposed group. These results indicate that WIFI exposure used in the present study implies oxidative alterations in rat kidneys, which does not result in severe consequences due to the effective activity of the antioxidant enzyme system of the rat kidneys.","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"72 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90365809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery Systems 时间治疗药物输送系统

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000194

iyan Shanmugan, B. Ramu, Ameedi

引用次数: 20

Tuberculosis, a Milk-Borne Zoonosis: A Critical Review 结核病，一种牛奶传播的人畜共患病:综述

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-12-17 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000E126

P. Praveen, S. Ganguly, R. Wakchaure, P. A. Para, S. Shekhar, N. Dalai

引用次数: 4

Toxicological Evaluation of Gum (Galactomannans) Isolated from Senna tora Seeds 从番泻籽中分离的半乳甘露胶的毒理学评价

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-12-13 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000193

H. Pawar, K. Lalitha

{"title":"Toxicological Evaluation of Gum (Galactomannans) Isolated from Senna tora Seeds","authors":"H. Pawar, K. Lalitha","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000193","url":null,"abstract":"Seed gums possess excellent emulsifying, suspending, binding, thickening stabilizing and water-holding properties. Therefore they are used in various pharmaceutical dosage forms like tablets, syrups, suspensions, lotions, ointments and for sustained drug release systems. Gum derived from the seeds of Senna tora L. is common herbaceous annual occurring weed throughout the India. The present investigation reports preliminary phytochemical screening and toxicological evaluation of the isolated seed gum from the Senna tora. The acute toxicity study was carried out in adult albino rats by “fixed dose” method. The sub-acute toxicity study was carried out for 28 days in wistar albino rats. All the Animals used were observed for clinical signs, physical abnormalities, changes in body weight and pre-terminal deaths. Laboratory investigations such as hematology and clinical chemistry were performed at sacrifice and the data were statistically analyzed. Based on the results of the acute oral toxicity on the polysaccharide in Wistar rats, it may be concluded that the LD50 of the Senna tora gum is greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the sub-acute toxicity study, the gum treated groups did not show any sign of toxicity after getting treated at dose levels of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg daily for 28 days.","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88029147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) in Animal Breeding: A Review 动物育种中的标记辅助选择(MAS)研究进展

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-11-14 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000E127

R. Wakchaure, S. Ganguly, P. Praveen, Avinash Kumar, Subhash Sharma, T. Mahajan

引用次数: 58

Cranberry Extract as a Functional Food in Treatment of Oxidative Stress in Iron-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rats 蔓越莓提取物对铁致肝毒性大鼠氧化应激的治疗作用

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-10-30 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000191

Abdel-Maksoud A. Hussien, Prof. Mohammed Abdalla Hussein, A. Mageed, A. Abdel-Baky

{"title":"Cranberry Extract as a Functional Food in Treatment of Oxidative Stress in Iron-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rats","authors":"Abdel-Maksoud A. Hussien, Prof. Mohammed Abdalla Hussein, A. Mageed, A. Abdel-Baky","doi":"10.4172/2157-7609.1000191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7609.1000191","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was to evaluate the protective role of cranberry extract against iron-induced hepatic toxicity in rats. Administration of iron sulfate (30 mg/kg body weight) orally for 21 days, led to significantly (p<0.01) increased in the levels of blood hemoglobin, glucose, lipid profile, plasma and hepatic lipid peroxidation, iron and transferrin. Also, oral administration of iron sulfate showed a significant decrease (p<0.01) in the levels of plasma and liver enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Administration of cranberry extract at different doses (75 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg body weight) significantly (p<0.01) restore the levels of plasma and hepatic markers, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation levels as well as increased the levels of plasma and hepatic enzymatic antioxidants and non-enzymatic antioxidants with normalize plasma iron and transferrin concentration in blood. Cranberry extract at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight exhibits significant protection on hepatic more pronounced than both cranberry 75 mg/kg b.w. and vitamin C. In conclusion, the results clearly suggest that the cranberry extract may be effective in enhances the protection of liver toxicity by its free radical scavenging effect and antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":15537,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79032064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

A Multienzyme Response is involved in the Phenomenon of Fasciola hepaticaResistance to Triclabendazole 肝片形吸虫对三氯苯达唑耐药现象涉及多酶反应

Journal of Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Pub Date : 2015-10-19 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7609.1000192

Fernández, G. Cadenazzi, Mir, a-Mir, K. Larsen, H. Solana

引用次数: 6