Journal of Clinical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “A prospective study of plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid CMV DNA load quantification for the diagnosis and outcome of CMV pneumonitis in immunocompromised hosts” [J. Clin. Virol. 155 (2022) 105243]","authors":"Gasit Saksirisampant , Theerasuk Kawamatawong , Kawin Promsombat , Warawut Sukkasem , Somprasong Liamsombut , Ekawat Pasomsub , Jackrapong Bruminhent","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105829","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105829"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144484608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"False-positive results in fourth-generation HIV screening tests: Prevalence and associated factors in Sichuan, a high HIV burden province of China","authors":"Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiaqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangqin Liu ,&nbsp;Xueru Li ,&nbsp;Xuexi Zeng ,&nbsp;Qing Luo ,&nbsp;Jialing Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen/antibody screening assays are highly sensitive and specific, but false-positive (FP) results remain a challenge. Understanding the prevalence and factors associated with these FP results is crucial, especially in high HIV burden regions. A retrospective cohort study of 370,291 patients screened with the ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo assay at a Sichuan tertiary hospital (January 2022–December 2023) was conducted. We calculated HIV prevalence and assessed the test's FP rate, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV). Clinical characteristics and associated disease profiles of individuals with FP results were also analyzed. The overall HIV infection rate was 0.17 %. The FP rate for HIV screening was 0.08 %, with higher incidences observed among females, children (aged 0–17 years), and individuals aged 66 and older (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The mean signal-to-cutoff ratio (S/CO) in true positives (TPs) was significantly higher than that in FPs (576.63 vs. 1.94, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-determined cutoff of 19.6 provided optimal sensitivity (95.10 %) and specificity (99.99 %). FP results were associated with 18 disease categories, with digestive system disorders being the most prevalent. Malignant tumors, pregnancy, and cerebral infarction were also linked to FPs. These findings highlight the critical need for targeted screening strategies and more precise interpretation protocols to improve diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, the link between FP results and various non-HIV-related diseases suggests that careful patient characterization may aid in identifying underlying conditions, thereby informing more effective clinical decision-making and public health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of STANDARD™ M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2 and Savanna® Respiratory Viral Panel-4 assays for the rapid molecular diagnosis of influenza A/B virus, respiratory syncytial virus and SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Juulia Suominen,&nbsp;Raisa Loginov,&nbsp;Hannimari Kallio-Kokko","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The occurrence of respiratory infections caused by seasonal viruses influenza A/B, RSV and SARS-CoV-2 has increased the demand for rapid diagnostic assays. Comparative performance data of such assays is required.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, clinical samples were tested with the STANDARD™ M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2 test and the novel Savanna® Respiratory Viral Panel-4 tests, with Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2/Flu/RSV as the reference. All three are RT-PCR tests suitable for point-of-care testing. Discordant results on the Savanna assay were retested with a new research-use-only protocol. Serial dilution testing for all three was performed with an external control.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 141 clinical samples, including 106 specimens positive for at least one virus, were analyzed. The M10 assay showed sensitivities of 100 %, 95.7 %, 97.1 % and 97.0 % for influenza A, B, RSV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The Savanna assay showed sensitivities of 92.6 %, 95.7 %, 100 % and 90.9 %. Both assays exhibited high specificity (≥99 %), except for the Savanna assay’s lower specificity for RSV (94.2 %) and SARS-CoV-2 (94.3 %). Savanna had a higher retest rate (5.0 %), while M10 produced only conclusive results. Serial dilution testing showed that Xpert detected three viruses more effectively than the other assays.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both M10 and Savanna performed well for influenza A/B, but M10 was superior for RSV and SARS-CoV-2 due to false positives with Savanna. The new Savanna protocol showed promise, but further studies are required to confirm these findings. Xpert assay was the most sensitive for detecting low viral amounts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of subtyping influenza A amongst H5N1 surveillance efforts","authors":"Samuel M. Goodfellow,&nbsp;Jennifer Dien Bard,&nbsp;Cristina Costales","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105810"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Laboratory e-Manual: A comprehensive guide for HPV testing and research","authors":"Laila Sara Arroyo Mühr ,&nbsp;Carina Eklund ,&nbsp;Camilla Lagheden ,&nbsp;Rita Mariel Correa ,&nbsp;María Dolores Fellner ,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Picconi ,&nbsp;Nazlı Songur ,&nbsp;Murat Gultekin ,&nbsp;Kate Cuschieri ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Prétet ,&nbsp;Quentin Lepiller ,&nbsp;Alice Baraquin ,&nbsp;Steffi Silling ,&nbsp;Kristiane Søreng ,&nbsp;Milan Stosic ,&nbsp;Gro Kummeneje Presthus ,&nbsp;Marc Arbyn ,&nbsp;Michael Peeters ,&nbsp;Steven Van Gucht ,&nbsp;Elizaveta Padalko ,&nbsp;Joakim Dillner","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105834","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105834","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and HPV-based cervical cancer screening are central pillars of the World Health Organization (WHO) global cervical cancer elimination strategy. The WHO HPV Laboratory Manual, published in 2009, has provided essential guidance to promote an internationally comparable quality of HPV testing for many years. As the development in this area is rapid, the Global Network of National HPV Reference Laboratories considered that there is a need for an updated HPV Laboratory e-Manual to serve as a comprehensive and interactive resource for professionals engaged in quality-assured HPV testing for research and/or HPV-based cancer control.</div></div><div><h3>Content</h3><div>The HPV Laboratory e-Manual covers key areas, including laboratory quality assurance, HPV taxonomy and risk association, collection and handling of specimens, nucleic acid extraction, HPV detection and typing, HPV serology, data management, and the use of international standards. It provides up-to-date protocols and best practices to enhance accuracy and reliability of HPV testing. Interactive features allow for real-time updates, making it a dynamic resource for laboratories worldwide. The e-Manual is freely available at: https://www.hpvcenter.se/hpv-laboratory-manual/.</div></div><div><h3>Collaborators</h3><div>The e-Manual has been developed by international experts from 11 countries, including contributors from the International HPV Reference Center (IHRC, Sweden), the CDC’s Global HPV Reference Laboratory (USA), and multiple National HPV Reference Laboratories (NRLs). The standard procedure for writing a chapter was that 2 NRLs authored the chapter and 1 other NRL reviewed it.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The HPV Laboratory e-Manual represents a step toward global harmonization in laboratory methodologies for HPV testing, underpinning both research and cervical cancer control efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105834"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and genotypic diversity of rhinovirus in school-age children with acute respiratory illnesses seeking medical care","authors":"Dithi Banerjee ,&nbsp;Jennifer E. Schuster ,&nbsp;Claire M. Midgley ,&nbsp;Brian Lee ,&nbsp;Mary Moffatt ,&nbsp;Joana Y. Lively ,&nbsp;Ariana P. Toepfer ,&nbsp;Geoffrey A. Weinberg ,&nbsp;Julie A. Boom ,&nbsp;Leila C. Sahni ,&nbsp;Vasanthi Avadhanula ,&nbsp;Pedro A. Piedra ,&nbsp;Mary Allen Staat ,&nbsp;Daniel C. Payne ,&nbsp;Natasha Halasa ,&nbsp;John V. Williams ,&nbsp;Robert W. Hickey ,&nbsp;Marian G. Michaels ,&nbsp;Janet A. Englund ,&nbsp;Eileen J. Klein ,&nbsp;Rangaraj Selvarangan","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rhinovirus (RV) associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) data come mostly from infants and young children. We present data from 5 to 17-year-olds to characterize RV species A, B and C.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>During December 1, 2016–Nov 30, 2017, seven U.S. New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) sites performed active pediatric ARI surveillance of inpatients (IP) and emergency department (ED) patients using molecular platforms to detect multiple respiratory pathogens. RV or RV/enterovirus (EV) positive specimens without co-detections were sequenced. Demographic and clinical data collected via parent interview and chart review were analyzed descriptively by RV species, month, and hospital setting, using chi-squared tests for comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RV or RV/EV was detected in 581/2298 (25.3 %) ARI patients; 529 were single detections, 516 of these had sufficient sample for sequencing, and 420 (81.4 %) yielded sequence results: RV-A (183, 35.5 %), RV-B (16, 3.1 %), RV-C (210, 40.7 %), non-typeable RV (2, 0.4 %), and EV (9, 1.7 %). Among 52 RV-A, 8 RV-B and 44 RV-C unique types identified, A49 (32, 61.5 %), B6 (5, 62.5 %) and C15 (22, 50 %) were predominant. History of asthma was reported in 65.4 % RV-A, 50 % RV-B and 78.5 % RV-C patients (<em>p</em> = 0.005). Hospitalization occurred in 63.4 % RV-A, 37.5 % RV-B and 71.4 % RV-C patients (<em>p</em> = 0.012). RV-C detections peaked during winter and RV-A peaked during summer-fall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RV exhibited genetic diversity in 5–17-year-old ARI patients, and circulation differed by RV species. Among children seeking care in ED or hospital settings, with confirmed RV or RV/EV single detections, hospitalization was more common with RV-A and -C than RV-B.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 105806"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal screening for congenital Cytomegalovirus infection using saliva from the neonate","authors":"Gabriele Halwachs-Baumann ,&nbsp;Oliver Wagner ,&nbsp;Yarub Salaheddin ,&nbsp;Eveline Ziebermayr ,&nbsp;Lukas Angleitner-Boubenizek ,&nbsp;Georg Grüßenberger ,&nbsp;Ulla Folger-Buchegger","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Congenital Cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) is the most common intrauterine infection in developed countries. The diagnostic gold standard is detection of CMV in neonatal urine. Considering difficulties in urine sample collection, saliva is an alternative specimen providing supportive material for early diagnosis and timely intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Aim of this study was to evaluate a universal screening program using saliva as target specimen, and urine as confirmatory material.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between May 2019 and November 2024, 5168 newborns were screened for CMV shedding in saliva, 45 neonates were tested positive. From 44 neonates a urine sample was examined. Twelve out of forty-four neonates had concordant results (prevalence = 0,232 %) with five newborns showing CMV related symptoms. In saliva, the difference between the Ct-value of the cCMV negative and the cCMV positive group was significant (38.59 vs. 28.56, p-value &lt; 0.0001). At a Ct-value cut-off of 38.8 sensitivity was 100 %, specificity 53.1 %, positive predictive value 44 %, and negative predictive value 100 %. ROC analysis yielded an AUC value of 0.930. The mean virus load in urine was 31,266,663 copies/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study reports a prevalence of 0,232 % for cCMV infection in the catchment area of the hospital Steyr. PCR based CMV detection in saliva is a good screening tool, but one must be aware of false positive results, arising from possible contamination. In our cohort CMV positive vaginal or cervical secretion seems more likely being the source of contamination than CMV positive breast milk. The high false positive rate in saliva makes confirmatory testing in urine samples mandatory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105800"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of polyethylene glycol precipitation and ultracentrifugation to enhance the sensitivity of hepatitis B virus DNA detection","authors":"Michael X. Fu ,&nbsp;Osmany Larralde ,&nbsp;Richard Mayne ,&nbsp;Kai Kean ,&nbsp;Kaitlin Reid ,&nbsp;Monique Andersson ,&nbsp;Tanya Golubchik ,&nbsp;Jane A. McKeating ,&nbsp;Lisa Jarvis ,&nbsp;William L. Irving ,&nbsp;Peter Simmonds ,&nbsp;Heli Harvala","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sensitive molecular detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA is crucial for diagnosing and managing occult hepatitis. To improve the sensitivity of HBV DNA detection, we compared the effectiveness of polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and ultracentrifugation to concentrate DNA prior to extraction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-three HBV DNA-positive samples with low viral loads were compared between the extraction of standard (0.2 mL) and larger volumes (5 mL) of plasma, through PEG precipitation of 10 mL and 20 mL of plasma, and ultracentrifugation from 35 mL of plasma. The effectiveness of the methods for HBV DNA detection was assayed by quantitative PCR. For genetic characterisation, Sanger sequencing of amplicons and targeted Illumina sequencing were used. Costs, sample capacities, and turnaround times were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DNA was detected in a greater number of samples using PEG and ultracentrifugation (detecting up to all 23 samples) compared to more standard extraction methods (detecting at least 18 samples). Efficiencies of recovery of HBV DNA from samples were comparable in all concentration methods. HBV and other DNA viruses, such as human herpesviruses and anelloviruses, were detected in samples and at higher read counts with PEG concentration than without. The availability, cost, relative simplicity, and throughput of PEG precipitation conferred further advantages to ultracentrifugation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PEG precipitation from large volumes of plasma is a practical and economical alternative to ultracentrifugation and could be a similarly effective concentration method for low viral load samples in blood donation and clinical virology laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of Human Metapneumovirus from clinical specimen in human organoid-derived bronchial cell cultures is superior to isolation in monolayer cell line cultures","authors":"Pau Ribó-Molina,&nbsp;Stefan van Nieuwkoop,&nbsp;Mathis Funk ,&nbsp;Babs E. Verstrepen,&nbsp;Jeroen J.A. van Kampen,&nbsp;Ron A.M. Fouchier,&nbsp;Bernadette G. van den Hoogen","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a causative agent of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in children and adults. HMPV is a member of the <em>Pneumoviridae</em> family for which circulation of two serotypes, A and B, has been reported. HMPV isolation in standard monolayer cell lines is not always successful. Recently, it was shown that upon inoculation of human organoid-derived bronchial (ODB) cultures, HMPV primarily targeted the ciliated cells, similar as observed in experimentally infected animals. These observations lead to the hypothesis that isolation of virus from clinical specimen in this ODB model could be more successful than in standard monolayer cultures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study compared the efficiency of isolation of HMPV from 36 clinical samples in human ODB cultures with that in monolayers of Vero-118 cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 27 isolates (8 HMPV A and 19 HMPV B) were obtained in the ODB cultures, after one passage, whereas 21 isolates (9 HMPV A and 12 HMPV B) were obtained after one or two passages in Vero-118 cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, the isolation efficiency of serotype A HMPV was comparable in both models, while isolation of serotype B viruses was profoundly more efficient in the ODB cultures than in Vero-118 cells, suggesting that primary cultures expressing ciliated cells should be considered as a superior isolation method for HMPV from clinical specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of mid-turbinate nasal and combined nasal-throat specimen types for detection of respiratory viruses in children","authors":"Irem Onalan ,&nbsp;Zheyi Teoh ,&nbsp;Sarah L. Steele ,&nbsp;Eileen J. Klein ,&nbsp;Bonnie Strelitz ,&nbsp;Kirsten Lacombe ,&nbsp;Erin M. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Arun K. Nalla ,&nbsp;Danielle M. Zerr ,&nbsp;Janet A. Englund","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2025.105801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The source of respiratory specimens may impact the detection of respiratory viruses. It may also have implications for research participant recruitment, caregiver acceptability due to concerns for patient comfort, and potential risk of aerosolization during epidemics/pandemics.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the impact of collecting a throat swab (TS) in addition to a mid-turbinate nasal swab (MTS) by comparing agreement of viral detection and relative viral loads.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We reviewed molecular detection results from 2548 children enrolled in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network at Seattle Children’s Hospital from 11/2015–05/2019. Participants with a clinical MTS who agreed to collection of a combined TS and MTS (TS&amp;MTS) for research were included. All specimens were tested using FilmArray^R Respiratory Panel (Biofire Diagnostics). Viral detection from MTS and TS&amp;MTS were compared. Relative viral loads were compared between specimens with concordant (same viruses detected) and discordant (different or additional viruses detected) results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results from 743 participants with clinical MTS and research TS&amp;MTS specimens were compared; Viral detections were similar between the two groups, including 596 (80.2 %) paired results that were concordant. The most common discordant viruses were rhinovirus/enterovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus. Mean relative viral loads were lower in discordant specimens compared to concordant specimens, regardless of specimen source.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Comparison of clinical and research specimens revealed that respiratory viral detection was similar with or without an added TS. Lower relative viral loads of discordant specimens suggest that a combined TS&amp;MTS may not improve viral detection for clinically significant pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 105801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}