Journal of Clinical Virology最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the analytical and clinical performance of two RT-PCR based point-of-care tests; Cepheid Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV plus and SD BioSensor STANDARD™ M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2","authors":"Christel Barker Jensen ,&nbsp;Uffe Vest Schneider ,&nbsp;Tina Vasehus Madsen ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Chen Nielsen ,&nbsp;Chih Man German Ma ,&nbsp;Jette Krogh Severinsen ,&nbsp;Anne Mette Hoegh ,&nbsp;Amanda Bolt Botnen ,&nbsp;Ramona Trebbien ,&nbsp;Jan Gorm Lisby","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rapid and accurate detection of viral respiratory infections is important for infection control measures. This study compares the analytical and clinical performance of the Xpert® Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV <em>plus</em> test (“Xpert”, Cepheid) and the STANDARD™ M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2 test (“M10”, SD Biosensor). Both tests are quadruplex RT-PCR assays for rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B and RSV.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Analytical sensitivities were determined by limit of detection for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and RSV, respectively. Additionally, the clinical performance of the Xpert and the M10 tests was evaluated against standard-of-care RT-PCR by testing of 492 clinical specimens.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analytical sensitivities for Xpert versus M10 test was 10, 50, 50 and 300 versus 300, 200, 800 and 1500 copies/mL for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and RSV, respectively. Clinical sensitivity for the Xpert test was superior across all four pathogens compared to the M10 test. Xpert showed clinical sensitivity of 100 % in all Ct-ranges for all four pathogens whereas M10 showed clinical sensitivity of 100 % in the 25–30 Ct-range, 84–100 % in the 30–35 Ct-range and 47–67 % in the &gt;35 Ct-range across the four pathogens. Translating into real-life clinical sensitivity, the Xpert would detect 100 % of all four pathogens, whereas M10 would detect 92.1, 92.4, 84.8 and 94.7 % for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, influenza B and RSV.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study demonstrates improved analytical and clinical performance of Xpert Xpress CoV-2/Flu/RSV <em>plus</em> compared to STANDARD M10 Flu/RSV/SARS-CoV-2, which is important for ensuring accuracy of diagnosis at all stages of a respiratory infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105674"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000362/pdfft?md5=7458aa65c3c562d9f5fef2f7548a65a6&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000362-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the detection of viruses causing gastroenteritis over a 10-year period and impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions","authors":"Kibum Jeon ,&nbsp;Su Kyung Lee ,&nbsp;Seri Jeong ,&nbsp;Wonkeun Song ,&nbsp;Han-Sung Kim ,&nbsp;Jae-Seok Kim ,&nbsp;Kyu Sung Shin ,&nbsp;Hyun Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Viral gastroenteritis continues to be a leading cause of death in low-income countries. The impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the transmission of gastroenteritis-causing viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic is understudied.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To investigate the 10-year trends of enteric viruses and estimate the impact of implementing and mitigating NPIs.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Data regarding norovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, and sapovirus detection were collected from five Korean hospitals between January 2013 and April 2023. We compared positivity between the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods. The causal effects of implementing and mitigating NPIs were quantified using the Bayesian Structural Time Series (BSTS) model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Norovirus was most frequently detected (9.9 %), followed by rotavirus (6.7 %), adenovirus (3.3 %), astrovirus (1.4 %), and sapovirus (0.6 %). During the pandemic, the positivity of all five viruses decreased, ranging from -1.0 % to -8.1 %, with rotavirus showing the greatest decrease. In the post-pandemic period, positivity rebounded for all viruses except for rotavirus. The BSTS model revealed that NPI implementation negatively affected the detection of all five viruses, resulting in reductions ranging from -73.0 % to -91.0 % compared to the prediction, with rotavirus being the least affected. Conversely, NPI mitigation positively affected the detection of all viruses, ranging from 79.0 % to 200.0 %, except for rotavirus.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Trends observed over 10 years show that NPIs have had a major impact on changes in enteric virus detection. The effect of vaccines, in addition to NPIs, on rotavirus detection requires further investigation. Our findings emphasize the importance of NPIs in infection control and prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105676"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000386/pdfft?md5=8cdd6d4f37086e0433bb6bda72187ec8&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000386-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140605470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term follow-up of a series of 24 congenital CMV-infected babies with false negative amniocentesis","authors":"Caroline De Coninck ,&nbsp;Catherine Donner ,&nbsp;Elena Costa ,&nbsp;Serine Abbas ,&nbsp;Marie-Luce Delforge","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Congenital CMV infection is the most common congenital infection worldwide and a major cause of neurological impairment and sensorineural hearing loss. Fetal CMV infection is confirmed by a positive PCR test in the amniotic fluid (amniocentesis performed after 18–20 weeks of gestation and at least 8 weeks after maternal infection). However, despite a negative antenatal CMV PCR result, some newborns can be tested positive at birth. Although not widely documented, the prognosis for these babies appears to be good.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term prognosis of fetuses with a false-negative AFS for cCMV, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 years.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>This is a retrospective cohort study of false-negative amniocentesis reported at the CUB-Hôpital Erasme and Hôpital CHIREC in Brussels between 1985 and 2017.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 712 negative CMV PCR amniocenteses, 24 had a CMV PCR positive at birth. The false negative rate was 8.6 %. Of the 24 cases, 9 primary maternal infections occurred in the first trimester, 14 in the second trimester and 1 in the third trimester. Among the 24 children, 2 had symptoms at birth (hyperbilirubinemia and left paraventricular cysts), but all had normal follow-up (minimum 4 years, mean 16,6 years).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Only 2 cases could be explained by early amniocentesis. Among the others, the false-negative results could be attributed to a low viral load, a delayed infection or, less likely, to a sample degradation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite the false-negative results, all 24 children had a normal long-term follow-up.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105675"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140612318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing of new and old world Orthohantavirus strains and wild-type Puumala isolates from humans and bank voles","authors":"William Rosenbaum ,&nbsp;Erik Bovinder Ylitalo ,&nbsp;Guillaume Castel ,&nbsp;Andreas Sjödin ,&nbsp;Pär Larsson ,&nbsp;Julia Wigren Byström ,&nbsp;Mattias N.E. Forsell ,&nbsp;Clas Ahlm ,&nbsp;Lisa Pettersson ,&nbsp;Anne Tuiskunen Bäck","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Orthohantaviruses, transmitted primarily by rodents, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the Americas. These viruses, with documented human-to-human transmission, exhibit a wide case-fatality rate, 0.5–40 %, depending on the virus species, and no vaccine or effective treatment for severe Orthohantavirus infections exists. In Europe, the Puumala virus (PUUV), carried by the bank vole <em>Myodes glareolus</em>, causes a milder form of HFRS. Despite the reliance on serology and PCR for diagnosis, the three genomic segments of Swedish wild-type PUUV have yet to be completely sequenced.</p><p>We have developed a targeted hybrid-capture method aimed at comprehensive genomic sequencing of wild-type PUUV isolates and the identification of other Orthohantaviruses. Our custom-designed panel includes &gt;11,200 probes covering the entire <em>Orthohantavirus</em> genus. Using this panel, we sequenced complete viral genomes from bank vole lung tissue, human plasma samples, and cell-cultured reference strains. Analysis revealed that Swedish PUUV isolates belong to the Northern Scandinavian lineage, with nucleotide diversity ranging from 2.8 % to 3.7 % among them. Notably, no significant genotypic differences were observed between the viral sequences from reservoirs and human cases except in the nonstructural protein.</p><p>Despite the high endemicity of PUUV in Northern Sweden, these are the first complete Swedish wild-type PUUV genomes and substantially increase our understanding of PUUV evolution and epidemiology. The panel's sensitivity enables genomic sequencing of human samples with viral RNA levels reflecting the natural progression of infection and underscores our panel's diagnostic value, and could help to uncover novel Orthohantavirus transmission routes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105672"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000349/pdfft?md5=b30380705f0d32f1fee7d03b15475f29&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of Torque Teno viral load with CMV and BKV infection in pediatric and adolescent kidney transplant patients.","authors":"Fabian Eibensteiner ,&nbsp;Ines Messner ,&nbsp;Phoebe Uhl ,&nbsp;Gregor Bond ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl ,&nbsp;Thomas Mueller-Sacherer ,&nbsp;Christoph Aufricht ,&nbsp;Krisztina Rusai","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>: Long-term allograft and patient survival after kidney transplantation (KTX) depends on the balance between over- and under-immunosuppression (IS). High levels of IS predispose to opportunistic infections. Plasma load of Torque Teno Virus (TTV), a non-pathogenic highly prevalent Annellovirus, is associated with its hosts immune status, especially after solid organ transplantation.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>: To investigate the association of plasma TTV load and opportunistic viral infections after pediatric KTX.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>: This retrospective study includes all pediatric KTX patients followed at the Medical University of Vienna 2014–2020. PCR for Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), BK virus (BKV), and TTV was performed every 4–8 weeks at routine follow-up visits.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>: 71 pediatric KTX patients were followed with TTV measurements for a median of 2.7 years. TTV plasma load was associated with CMV DNAemia at the next visit with an OR of 2.37 (95 % CI 1.15–4.87; <em>p</em> = 0.03) after adjustment for time after KTX and recipient age. For a cut-off of 7.68 log10 c/mL TTV a sensitivity of 100 %, a specificity of 61 %, a NPV 100 %, and a PPV of 46 % to detect CMV DNAemia at the next visit was calculated. TTV plasma loads were also associated with BKV DNAuria and BKV DNAemia at the next visit, but not with EBV DNAemia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>: This is the first study to analyse associations between TTV plasma loads and opportunistic viral infections in pediatric KTX. We were able to present a TTV cut-off for the prediction of clinically relevant CMV DNAemia that might be useful in clinical care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105673"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000350/pdfft?md5=260293b76b75d36ad7b31fa06863d806&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140339174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2023 global inventory of commercial molecular tests for human papillomaviruses (HPV)","authors":"Mario Poljak ,&nbsp;Anja Oštrbenk Valenčak ,&nbsp;Kate Cuschieri ,&nbsp;Klara B. Bohinc ,&nbsp;Marc Arbyn","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To suit the needs of the human papillomaviruses (HPV) community comprehensively, a range of commercial HPV tests with different performance characteristics are required. Four periodic inventories of commercial HPV molecular tests present in the global market were published previously in 2010, 2012, 2015 and 2020. For the fifth inventory, data were retrieved from internal files and a detailed search using the main bibliographic databases as well as general internet search without period or language restrictions was performed in December 2023. At least 264 distinct HPV tests (and 511 test variants) were available globally in December 2023. A small 2020–2023 net increase in total numbers was observed, but with a strong introduction/withdrawal dynamic: 86 new distinct HPV tests (and 141 variants) were introduced and 76 tests (and 55 variants) were withdrawn from the market in the last four years. Although quality improvement of some tests was recorded, half of all HPV tests are still without a single peer-reviewed publication, and 79 % of tests are without published evidence that demonstrate performance characteristics are in line with requirements agreed in the HPV community. Only a relatively small pool of tests fulfill the operational/performance characteristics required to meet the global cervical cancer screening challenge. Although clinical and analytical performance characteristics of many commercial HPV tests are largely unknown, such tests are used worldwide in daily clinical practice and research, with potentially deleterious consequences. Due to this long-lasting unfavorable situation, significant scope for improvement persists for both manufacturers of HPV tests and the HPV community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105671"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000337/pdfft?md5=9020e2fe2bc09aff2cfaa7d9b1df7c56&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140150334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterovirus and parechovirus meningoencephalitis in infants: A ten-year prospective observational study in a neonatal intensive care unit","authors":"Carlo Pietrasanta ,&nbsp;Andrea Ronchi ,&nbsp;Laura Bassi ,&nbsp;Agnese De Carli ,&nbsp;Luca Caschera ,&nbsp;Francesco Maria Lo Russo ,&nbsp;Beatrice Letizia Crippa ,&nbsp;Silvia Pisoni ,&nbsp;Riccardo Crimi ,&nbsp;Giacomo Artieri ,&nbsp;Laura Pellegrinelli ,&nbsp;Robertino Dilena ,&nbsp;Giorgio Conte ,&nbsp;Fabio Mosca ,&nbsp;Monica Fumagalli ,&nbsp;Lorenza Pugni","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Non-polio enteroviruses (EV) and human parechoviruses (HPeV) are known etiological agents of meningoencephalitis in neonates. However, reports of neuroradiological findings and neurodevelopmental outcomes in this population are scarce.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>to describe clinical characteristics, neuroradiological findings and, in a subset of patients, neurodevelopmental outcomes in a cohort of infants with EV or HPeV meningoencephalitis within 60 days of life.</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>clinical/laboratory data, neuroradiological findings (cranial ultrasound, cUS, brain magnetic resonance imaging, MRI), and neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed by Ages and Stages Questionnaires – third edition were prospectively collected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>overall, 32 infants with EV (21, 67.8 %) or HPeV (11, 28.2 %) meningoencephalitis were enrolled. Infants with HPeV (73 %: type 3 HPeV) presented more frequently with seizures (18.2 % <em>vs.</em> 0, <em>p</em> value=0.03), lymphopenia (1120 <em>vs.</em> 2170 cells/mm³, <em>p</em> = 0.02), focal anomalies at electroencephalography (EEG) (63.6 <em>vs.</em> 23.8 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03), and pathological findings at MRI (72.7 % <em>vs.</em> 15.8 %, <em>p</em> value=0.004) compared to those affected by EV. cUS was not significantly altered in any of the enrolled infants. All infants with EV meningoencephalitis evaluated at 12–24 months and at 30–48 months were normal. Two out of the 7 infants with HPeV meningoencephalitis showed some concerns in gross motor (1/7, 14.3 %) or in problem solving (1/7, 14.3 %) function at 30–48 months of age.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In our cohort, neonates infected by HPeV had more severe clinical manifestations, more alterations at brain MRI, and some signs of long-term neurodevelopmental delay. Our data highlight the heterogeneity of manifestations in infants with EV or HPeV meningoencephalitis, and the need for long-term follow-up of those infected by HPeV in the neonatal period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 105664"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S138665322400026X/pdfft?md5=f94e9dc1b2b8d099a2a392b433339d79&pid=1-s2.0-S138665322400026X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140053770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the ELITechGroup solution for plasma HIV-1 RNA quantification","authors":"Adeline Baron ,&nbsp;Alice Moisan ,&nbsp;Guillemette Unal ,&nbsp;Véronique Lemée ,&nbsp;Manuel Etienne ,&nbsp;Jean-Christophe Plantier","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the last few years, many manufacturers have developed new kits for plasma HIV-1 RNA quantification. Recently, a solution consisting of the ELITe InGenius® instrument and the HIV1 ELITe MGB®kit has been commercialized worldwide. Our aim was to compare its clinical performance with the Aptima® HIV-1 Quant Dx kit by Hologic, on a panel of HIV-1 group M circulating variants, representative of viral load levels found during the pre- and post-treatment follow-up of patients. The linearity was evaluated on the AcroMetrix® HIV-1 Panel. Clinical specificity was evaluated on 100 plasma samples negative for HIV; and clinical sensitivity and sequential follow-up were evaluated on 166 HIV-1 positive plasma samples from 126 patients. The linearity data showed a difference obtained for each point of less than 0.2 Log cp/mL. No amplification was found for the 100 HIV negative clinical specimens. The overall agreement between the two kits was 83.7 %; the differences corresponded to a slightly higher detection for the Aptima kit (with more samples detected below the lower limit of quantification). A Bland &amp; Altman analysis of the quantifiable samples showed a mean difference of −0.05 Log and Spearman's coefficient was 0.975. Only six samples presented discrepancies (above 0.5 Log), but these differences were overall similar between the two kits. Our study has shown that the HIV1 ELITe MGB® Kit can be successfully used for the monitoring of patients infected with various epidemic HIV-1 strains, and for the precise quantification of the viral load.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 105663"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386653224000258/pdfft?md5=38f71e94941f74678398f058f65734eb&pid=1-s2.0-S1386653224000258-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A lower bound for set-coloring Ramsey numbers.","authors":"Lucas Aragão, Maurício Collares, João Pedro Marciano, Taísa Martins, Robert Morris","doi":"10.1002/rsa.21173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/rsa.21173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The set-coloring Ramsey number <math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> is defined to be the minimum <math><mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></mrow></math> such that if each edge of the complete graph <math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></mrow></math> is assigned a set of <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math> colors from <math><mrow><mrow><mo>{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>…</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>}</mo></mrow></mrow></math>, then one of the colors contains a monochromatic clique of size <math><mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></mrow></math>. The case <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow></math> is the usual <math><mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></mrow></math>-color Ramsey number, and the case <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow></math> was studied by Erdős, Hajnal and Rado in 1965, and by Erdős and Szemerédi in 1972. The first significant results for general <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math> were obtained only recently, by Conlon, Fox, He, Mubayi, Suk and Verstraëte, who showed that <math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>Θ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> if <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>r</mi></mrow></mrow></math> is bounded away from 0 and 1. In the range <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>r</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math>, however, their upper and lower bounds diverge significantly. In this note we introduce a new (random) coloring, and use it to determine <math><mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> up to polylogarithmic factors in the exponent for essentially all <math><mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></mrow></math>, <math><mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math>, and <math><mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></mrow></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"82 1","pages":"157-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10952192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76773187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 booster vaccination: A population-based clinical trial to identify the best vaccination strategy","authors":"Daniela Sieghart ,&nbsp;Claudia A. Hana ,&nbsp;Caroline Dürrschmid ,&nbsp;Leonhard X. Heinz ,&nbsp;Helmuth Haslacher ,&nbsp;Markus Zlesak ,&nbsp;Giulia Piccini ,&nbsp;Alessandro Manenti ,&nbsp;Emanuele Montomoli ,&nbsp;Anselm Jorda ,&nbsp;Clemens Fedrizzi ,&nbsp;Timothy Hasenoehrl ,&nbsp;Andrej Zdravkovic ,&nbsp;Karolina Anderle ,&nbsp;Ursula Wiedermann ,&nbsp;Susanne Drapalik ,&nbsp;Helmut Steinbrecher ,&nbsp;Felix Bergmann ,&nbsp;Christa Firbas ,&nbsp;Galateja Jordakieva ,&nbsp;Helga Radner","doi":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcv.2024.105661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concerns (VOCs) characterized by higher transmissibility and immune evasion have emerged. Despite reduced vaccine efficacy against VOCs, currently available vaccines provide protection. Population-based evidence on the humoral immune response after booster vaccination is crucial to guide future vaccination strategies and in preparation for imminent COVID-19 waves.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This multicenter, population-based cohort study included 4697 individuals ≥18 years of age who received a booster vaccination. Antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies against wild-type (WT) virus and Omicron variants were assessed at baseline (day of booster vaccination) and after four weeks. Safety was evaluated daily within the first week using a participant-completed electronic diary. Antibody levels were compared across different vaccination strategies, taking into account individual host factors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our main model including 3838 participants revealed that individuals who received a booster with mRNA-1273 compared to BNT162b2 vaccine had a significantly higher increase (95 %CI) in anti-RBD-antibody levels (37,707 BAU/mL [34,575–40,839] vs. 27,176 BAU/mL [26,265–28,087]), and of neutralization levels against WT (1,681 [1490–1872] vs. 1141 [1004–1278] and Omicron variant (422 [369–474] vs. 329 [284–374]). Neutralizing antibody titres highly correlated with anti-RBD antibodies, with neutralizing capacity 4.4 fold higher against WT compared to Omicron. No differences in safety were found between the two booster vaccines.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study underlines the superiority of a booster vaccination with mRNA-1273, independent of the primary vaccination and therefore provides guidance on the vaccination strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15517,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Virology","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 105661"},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140001317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}