Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Variability of Pulmonary Blood Pressure, Splitting of the Second Heart Sound and Heart Rate","authors":"L. Cherif, S. Debbal","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000550","url":null,"abstract":"The study of variation and the change of the second heart sound split (a change related to the inspiration and the expiration) can determine at what time in a cardiac cycle is the inspiration and the expiration. The heart rate increases during the inspiration and decreases during the expiration. It would also be interesting to study the variation in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) estimated over several cardiac cycles and understand its evolution since its variation is related to the pulmonary valve on the one hand and the inspiration and the expiration of another part. The algorithm developed based on the Hilbert transform and the energy of Shannon give the second heart sound split. The SPAP will be estimated from the spectral parameters of the second heart S2.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75559387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Aortic Aneurysm with Aortic Valve Regurgitation in Takayasu Disease","authors":"Ben Jmaà Hèla, Hadhri Saif El Hak, Dkhil Oussama, F. Faten, Masmoudi Sayda, E. Nizar, F. Imed","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000546","url":null,"abstract":"Takayasu arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the aorta, its main branches, and the pulmonary arteries. It is characterized by arterial stenoses and ischemic manifestations. \u0000Aneurismal dilatation of the ascending thoracic aorta associated with aortic regurgitation is rare in Takayasu disease. \u0000We report the cases of a 43-year-old woman with a Takayasu disease since 18 years, who presented a dyspnea and chest pain. Computed tmography and trans-thoracic echocardiography confirmed an ascending aortic aneurysm associated to a severe aortic insufficiency. \u0000The patient will underwent surgical replacement of the ascending aorta and the aortic valve.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"54 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90979651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIF Promoted Cardiovascular Angiogenesis via Erk/Mapk Pathway","authors":"Ge Cao, Jing-xiu Fan, Hui Yu, Zejun Chen","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000544","url":null,"abstract":"As the pivotal part of cardiovascular angiogenesis, endothelial cells dysfunction is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a tumor growth factor with important roles in cervical tumor formation, invasion, progression and metastasis. However, there was no report on effect of MIF on endothelial cells is unclear, and it is still unknown whether MIF is associated with angiogenesis of endothelial cells. Our study was focused on the effect of MIF and PD98059 on endothelial cells HUVEC cell line, so as to investigate the influence of MIF on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). We also explored whether MIF will influence angiogenesis of endothelial cells via ERK/MAPK pathways. Endothelial cells HUVEC cells were conventionally cultured, and Western blot were used to detect the expression of MIF, ERK1 and VEGF proteins after HUVEC cells were intervened by MTT and PD98059. Inter-group difference was statistically assessed. Positive expressions of MIF, ERK1 and VEGF were observed in HUVEC cells. Proliferation activity in MIF group gradually increased after 24 h, 48 h or 72 h treatment (P 0.05). Expressions of ERK1 and VEGF are involved in the process of endothelial cells HUVEC cell line. MIF is correlated with increased cell proliferation and promoted cardiovascular angiogenesis via ERK/MAPK pathway","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83776049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Autonomic Nervous System on Right Ventricular OutflowTract Tachycardia","authors":"Hung-Yu Chang, L. Lo, Yu‐Hui Chou, Wei‐Lun Lin, Yenn-Jiang Lin, W. Yin, A. Feng, Shih‐Ann Chen","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000543","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular premature complexes (VPCs) are characterized as benign in entity with ECG morphology showing LBBB pattern and inferior axis. Pathogenic mechanisms in the genesis of RVOT VT/VPC remain largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the neural mechanism in RVOT VT/VPC in canine model. \u0000Methods: Twelve mongrel dogs (13.7 ± 1.3 Kg, 5 male dogs) were studied through midline thoracotomies. High-frequency stimulation (HFS) was applied to the proximal pulmonary artery (PA) to induce RVOT VT/VPC. An EnSite Array and a mapping catheter were used for electroanatomical mapping. The RVOT and PA were surgically excised for immunohistochemistry studies, including tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) stain for sympathetic nerves and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) stain for parasympathetic nerves. \u0000Results: In nine (75%) out of twelve dogs, HFS of the proximal PA induced RVOT-VT/VPC. The density of THpositive nerves was significantly higher than that of ChAT-positive nerves (6803 ± 700 vs. 670 ± 252 μm2/mm2, p<0.001). Moreover, the density of TH-positive nerves was also significantly higher in the VT/VPC origin sites than that in the non-origin sites (18044 ± 2866 vs. 5554 ± 565 μm2/mm2, p=0.002). Catheter ablation of the proximal PA eliminated the inducibility of RVOT VT/VPC successfully. \u0000Conclusion: HFS of the proximal PA could induce RVOT VT/VPC. The sympathetic nerves were densely innervated to the origin of RVOT VT/VPC, indicating the critical role of sympathetic hyperactivity in the initiation and perpetuation of RVOT VT/VPC.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76416682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Evaluation of Renal Transplant Recipients","authors":"O. Gulmez","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000545","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major causes of death among renal transplant recipients. Moreover, several prospective studies among renal transplant recipients showed that increased incidence of CVD is still present after transplantation. Therefore, evaluation for the presence of CVD before transplantation is strongly advised. Although several screening tests are used for the detection of CVD, the relative performance of these tests for coronary artery disease (CAD) is uncertain. This review discusses the definition, risk factors, epidemiology, and the most used screening tests that might help cardiologists in providing information about the diagnosis and risk stratification before renal transplantation.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81108124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left Atrial Appendage Morphology, Does it Matter?","authors":"A. Faisal, D. Mishra, Z. Asar","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000542","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Left atrial appendage is the commonest site of clot formation in patients with mitral stenosis. Left atrial appendage has different shapes in different patients. Does this morphological variation predispose to clot formation? needs to be studied. \u0000Material and methods: Transesophageal echo was performed. Left atrial appendage’s width and depth was noted in midesophageal position, short axis view. Presence or absence of clot in LAA and patient’s rhythm was noted. \u0000Results: Sixty four patients having mitral stenosis underwent transesophageal echo 8 (12.5%) patients had LAA more wide than deep, 4 (6.25%) patients had width and depth of LAA equal, 52 (81.25%) patients had depth of LAA greater than width. 20 (31.25%) patients were having clot in LAA. Eight (40%) of them were in atrial fibrillation while 12 patients (60%) were in sinus rhythm. Four patients who had clot in LAA, had LAA more wide than deep, one of them was in atrial fibrillation, while remaining three were in sinus rhythm. In 15 patients LAA was more deep than wide, 7 were in atrial fibrillation and 8 were in sinus rhythm. One patient had clot in LAA who had width and depth equal and that was in sinus rhythm. Out of 11 patients in atrial fibrillation 8 (72.7%) had clot in LA appendage and out of 53 patients in sinus rhythm 12 (22.64%) were having clot. \u0000Conclusion: LAA is deep or shallow, it does not predispose to clot formation when in sinus rhythm but if the patient is in atrial fibrillation the deeper LAA with narrow opening into LA has more chances of clot formation.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"81 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74061147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-Dimer: A Novel Predictor of Survival in Patients with Cardiac Light- Chain Amyloidosis","authors":"Xianfeng Cheng, Fei Xu, Liuyan Zhang, Fang Zhou, Haifeng Zhang, Xinli Li, Dongjie Xu","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000541","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To identify independent risk factors and predictors of survival in patients with cardiac light chain amyloidosis. \u0000Methods: This study included 26 patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis who were diagnosed by biopsy between October 2009 and January 2016. All the patients were followed up until August 26th, 2016. Baseline clinical data including clinical symptoms, laboratory data, and echocardiographic findings were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for all-cause mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare survival times. \u0000Results: In univariate and multivariate analysis, N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and Ddimer were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis (P<0.05). The cutoff value of NT-proBNP for 6-month all-cause-mortality was 4509.5 ng/L (sensitivity 73.3%, specificity 77.8%, area under curve (AUC) 67%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.442-0.899). The cut-off value of D-dimer for 6-month allcause- mortality was 1.22 mg/L (sensitivity 60%, specificity 90%, AUC 70%, 95% CI: 0.489-0.911). Patients with NTproBNP or D-dimer levels above the cut-off value had a higher all-cause-mortality rate compared to patients below the cut-off value. \u0000Conclusion: D-dimer may be an important biomarker of prognosis in cardiac AL amyloidosis patients.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89103742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Disease and its Risk Factors in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A Systematic Review","authors":"G. Kruse, L. Kutikova, B. Wong, G. Villa, K. Ray, P. Mata, E. Bruckert","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000539","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) leads to prolonged vascular exposure to high levels of lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and subsequent development of atherosclerotic lesions. This study examines additional risk factors in patients with FH and their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. \u0000Methods: A systematic literature review identified publications describing cardiovascular risk in patients with FH (January-October 2016), extending a previous published review (2004-2015). Each article was assessed for bias by two reviewers using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa assessment scale for non-randomized studies. Additional risk factors studied included age, sex, FH mutations, and previous CVD. \u0000Results: Three new studies were identified, conducted in the Netherlands, Spain, and Brazil, and reviewed together with the 14 studies identified in the previous review. The study with the lowest bias, comparing patients with versus without FH, reported odds ratios (ORs) for coronary artery disease (CAD) of 10.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.8–13.8) and 13.2 (95% CI: 10.0–17.4) in patients treated and untreated with lipid-lowering therapy, respectively. The highest risk increases in mortality were observed in the 30–60-yr age band. Most studies found that men with FH had a ~2.5‑fold higher CVD risk compared with women, although the magnitude of the difference varied by study. Patients carrying null-mutations had a 68% higher risk of premature CVD (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.10–2.40), and recurrence of cardiovascular events versus patients carrying defective-mutations. Premature CVD was identified as a risk factor for mortality (standardized mortality ratio: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.32–1.93). \u0000Conclusions: FH-related CVD risk is high, even in treated patients, and represents an important unmet medical need. Alongside classical risk factors (age, blood pressure, body mass index, smoking, lipid levels), FH-causing mutations are important for understanding FH-related CVD risk. Other parameters, such as age at which statin therapy is started, require further research.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91523269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pump-Assisted Beating-Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: The Pursuit of Perfection","authors":"L. Samuels, M. Samuels","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000540","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The techniques utilized to accomplish Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) include the traditional use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegic arrest to totally Off- Pump (i.e. OP-CAB) without CPB. The purpose of this report is to describe a hybrid approach-Pump-Assisted Direct CABG (PAD-CAB)-- with the aid of CPB without aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegic arrest. \u0000Methods: Between November 2003 and December 2016, 317 PAD-CAB procedures were performed by the author/surgeon. The PAD-CAB procedures were achieved with standard CPB via sternotomy under normothermic conditions with the mean arterial pressures (MAP) kept between 60 and 80 mmHg. Outcome measures included hospital mortality and specific major adverse events (MAE) benchmarked against the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) database. The number of bypass grafts, status of the case, specific patient factors, and postoperative length of stay (LOS) were also assessed. \u0000Results: There were 238 male (75%) and 79 (25%) female patients. The mean age was 67 years (range: 38 to 92 years). The mean ejection fraction (EF) was 50% (range: 0 to 75%) with 66 cases (21%) having an EF<40%. Two hundred seventy-seven cases (87.4%) were non-emergent with forty cases (12.6%) classified as emergent/salvage. The average of number of bypass grafts was 3.24 (range: 1 to 5). The postoperative LOS averaged 7.5 days with a median of 6 days. There were two hospital deaths (0.65%). Major adverse events were: 1 deep SWI (0.32%), 3 CVAs (0.95%), and 5 POBs (1.58%). \u0000Conclusions: PAD-CAB is a safe and effective operation with outcomes that are equivalent or superior to the outcomes reported in the STS registry for CABG. The PAD-CAB technique takes advantage of the circulatory stability achieved with CPB assistance and eliminates the potential risks associated with aortic cross-clamping and cardioplegic arrest.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91296885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Intravenous Beta-blockers for Acute Myocardial Infarction","authors":"Shuhong Guo, Yi He, Q. Fu","doi":"10.4172/2155-9880.1000538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9880.1000538","url":null,"abstract":"Early intravenous beta-blockers reduce the risk of recurrent ischaemia and ventricular arrhythmia in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. These beneficial efficacy, however, are balanced by a high rate of cardiogenic shock. It has great significance for reliable identification of subgroups of patients among whom treatment is really advantageous. The present article is a review on the efficacy and safety of the early intravenous beta-blockers, and provides an evaluation procedure to guide clinicians applying intravenous beta-blockers to clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":15504,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75828771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}