Journal of clinical & cellular immunology最新文献

{"title":"Mast Cells to Dendritic Cells","authors":"Abishek Bharadwaz","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73483467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Commentary on Fine Mapping of Antigen Antibody Interactions","authors":"David Campbell","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.S18.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.S18.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78461189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil and Macrophage Response to Hypoxia in the Context of Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases","authors":"Antonio Muiz-Buenrostro, M. C. S. Carmona, Rubi C Caldern-Melndez, A. Arce-Mendoza","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.610","url":null,"abstract":"Neutrophils and macrophages are the first line of defense against pathogens. They have the ability to eradicate pathogens in an environment with inflammation and hypoxia. How these cells adapt to that environment is something that has been studied for several years now. HIF-1α is the main orchestrator to maintain this cells functional in hypoxia, and more recently is have established that HIF-1α can be stabilized by bacterial antigens in the absence of hypoxia via NF-κB, making HIF-1α a key protein in the innate immune response. Using HIF-1 as a therapeutic target requires knowing the pathogen that is causing the infection and whether this infection is local or systemic. In this review we gathered information about this issue to understand how these cells remain functional in this type of environment where you have a pathogen, inflammation and hypoxia.","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81090376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Potential Targets of Methylene Blue against Enveloped Viruses: Lessons from Three Nobel Laureates","authors":"C. Cismaru, G. Cismaru, Fazel Seyed Nabavi, M. Nabavi, I. Berindan‐Neagoe","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.611","url":null,"abstract":"At 120 years from the first Nobel Prize award, the world is struggling with a pandemic caused by a highly contagious coronavirus, the SARS-CoV-2. In the context of a paucity of specific and effective treatments for COVID-19 at more than one year from its emergence, attaining herd immunity by active immunization through vaccination does not represent a very close perspective at the present time. The resilience of enveloped viruses to many physical and chemical aggressions by shielding in a protective lipid bilayer have turned the epidemics with enveloped viruses capable of jumping between species into fearsome adversaries ever since the outbreaks of HIV, Marburg, Ebola, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. The works of three Nobel laureates of the 20th century Paul Ehlrich, Christian de Duve and Niels Ryberg Fynsen point out toward multiple potential uses of methylene blue (MB) in different formulations, against the functioning of enveloped viral pathogens. Here we describe these mechanisms and their potential uses in reducing COVID-19 pathogenesis, limiting the evolution toward a severe course of the disease and representing a preventive measure against SARS-CoV-2, complementary to vaccination programs.","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88646958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Features of the Cytoplasmic Actins: Cytoskeletal Structures and Functional Activities","authors":"V. Dugina, G. Shagieva, A. Shakhov, I. Alieva","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.614","url":null,"abstract":"Two actin isoforms build the actin cytoskeleton in non-muscle cells: β-and γ-cytoplasmic actins (β- and γ-actins), encoded by ACTB and ACTG1 genes respectively. They are ubiquitously expressed in the different cells in vivo and in vitro, and the b/γ-actin ratio depends on the cell type. Cytoplasmic actins are both essential for the cell survival, but they perform various functions in the interphase and during cell division, as well as they play different roles in neoplastic transformation. In this review, we briefly summarize the research results of recent years and describe the features of the cytoplasmic actins: spatial organization in close connection with their functional activity during the cell cycle.","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85281308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Purpose of Temperature of a Fever in COVID-19","authors":"P. K. Williams","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75959697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunology of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide","authors":"G. Delgado","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.S18.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.S18.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"227 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80275806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination Therapies for HPV-Associated Malignancies","authors":"C. Rumfield, J. Schlom, C. Jochems","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.21.12.608","url":null,"abstract":"Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies cause almost all cases of cervical cancer in women, and a significant percentage of head and neck cancer, together totaling almost 5% of the global cancer burden, and representing an important public health issue. The approval and use of two prophylactic HPV vaccines, Gardasil® and Cervarix®, have significantly decreased infections with HPV, but unfortunately, prophylactic vaccination does not treat established infections or malignancies resulting from HPV. Therefore, therapies for HPV-associated malignancies are necessary to improve the quality of life and survival in patients with these diseases. This review will detail new combinations of therapies in clinical development for HPV-associated malignancies.","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77180925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis of 74 COVID-19 Patients from Cities outside Wuhan: A Descriptive Study","authors":"Yang Jiazhao","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.20.11:592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.20.11:592","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since December 2019, pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), namely COVID-19, \u0000 has rapidly spread from Wuhan city to other cities across China, with the cumulative number of infections \u0000 reaching 80,000. According to official data from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, clinical \u0000 characteristics of COVID-19 patients in Wuhan are significantly different from COVID-19 patients in other cities. Objective: To describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of 74 hospitalized patients \u0000 with COVID-19. Design: Retrospective, single-center case study. Methods: Clinical data of 74 COVID-19 patients discharged from the Anhui Provincial Hospital Infectious \u0000 Disease Hospital (Hefei city, Anhui Province) from January 21 to February 25, 2020, were collected to analyze the \u0000 epidemiological, demographics, laboratory, radiological, and treatment data. Thirty-two patients were followed up \u0000 and tested for the presence of the viral nucleic acid and by pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scan at 7 and 14 \u0000 days after they were discharged. Results: Among all COVID-19 patients, 60% were young adults (19–65 years), with more males than females. \u0000 Thirty-six patients had a history of close contact with people from Wuhan two weeks before the disease onset, \u0000 accounting for 49% of the total. The median incubation period for patients was 6 days; the median period from \u0000 symptom onset to admission was 6 days, and the median length of hospital stay was 13 days. Fever symptoms were \u0000 presented in 84% of the patients, and the second most common symptom was cough (74%), followed by fatigue and \u0000 expectoration (27%). Lymphopenia occurred in 46% of the patients and was common (61%) in the patients in the \u0000 intensive care unit (ICU). Inflammatory indicators, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), \u0000 and interleukin (IL)-6 of the ICU patients were significantly higher than that of the non-ICU patients. However, \u0000 50% of the patients had their CD4/CD8 ratio lower than 1.1. The CT results showed no signs of pneumonia in 8% \u0000 (six cases) of the patients and unilateral and bilateral involvements in 22% and 70% of the patients, respectively. \u0000 Antiviral therapy was used to treat 97% of patients (oral administration of lopinavir and ritonavir tablets), 81% \u0000 received antibiotic prevention or treatment, 22% interferon nebulization, and relatively few patients received steroid \u0000 and gamma globulin pulse therapies. Eighty-three percent of ICU patients inhaled high-flow oxygen and did not \u0000 receive invasive ventilation. One patient died of acute cerebral infarction accompanied by cerebral herniation and \u0000 had ground-glass opacities in the lung and positive viral nucleic acid testing during hospitalization. Thirty-two \u0000 patients received initial follow-up, and two of them had positive viral nucleic acids in the retests but no reinfection \u0000 signs. Conclusion: Approximately half of the COVID-","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75552557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Plasma Cells and Decreased B-cells in Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes are Associated with Worse Survival in Lung Adenocarcinomas","authors":"H. Lee, L. Luo, T. Kroneman, Marie R Passow, Kristina M del Rosario, M. R. Christensen, M. Francis, J. O’Shaughnessy, A. Blahnik, Ping Yang, E. Yi","doi":"10.35248/2155-9899.20.11.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2155-9899.20.11.584","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating plasma cells and B-cells in lung adenocarcinoma is not well known. Methods: CD3, CD20 and MUM1 immunostains were performed on representative tumor blocks selected from 120 consecutive lung adenocarcinoma cases treated by surgical resection at Mayo Clinic Rochester. CD3+ T-cells, CD20+ B-cells, and MUM1+ plasma cells were enumerated separately in the intraepithelial (IE) compartment and the stroma (ST) by digital image analyses using whole sections. Measured tumor-infiltrating plasma cells and B-cells were correlated with patient’s overall survival (OS) using Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results: Median age of patients was 69 years (range, 46-91 years) and 52 were male. Median numbers (interquartile range) of CD20+ B-cells per 1mm2 of tumor area (IE plus ST) and IE compartment within tumor area were 590 (224-1276) and 101 (38-109), respectively; the corresponding numbers of MUM1+ plasma cells were 298 (180-605), and 67 (22-145), respectively. The proportion of MUM1+ plasma cell among all TILs (MUM1+ cells/[CD3+ cells +CD20+ cells+MUM1+ cells] × 100) ranged 1%-59% (median13%) in the tumor area and showed a significant association with OS by univariate Cox analysis (negative correlation with hazard ratio (HR)=12.50 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.75-89.27]). There was a significant association between IE CD20+ B-cells and the patient’s OS in univariate analysis (positive correlation with HR=0.81 [95% CI, 0.68-0.96]). Both parameters remained significant by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: High plasma cell % among TILs in the tumor area and low IE B-cell count were associated with worse prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients.","PeriodicalId":15473,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & cellular immunology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85656478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}