Journal of Circadian Rhythms最新文献

{"title":"Differences in Photic Entrainment of Circadian Locomotor Activity Between Lean and Obese Volcano Mice (<i>Neotomodon alstoni</i>).","authors":"Manuel Miranda-Anaya,&nbsp;Dalia Luna-Moreno,&nbsp;Agustín Carmona-Castro,&nbsp;Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz","doi":"10.5334/jcr.145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a growing problem worldwide with a clear impact on health status. It is also a condition that negatively affects circadian rhythms. When the mouse <i>Neotomodon alstoni</i> is fed a regular rodent chow, some individuals develop obesity, representing an opportunity to compare the effects of spontaneous obesity upon the circadian organization in this species with that observed in other rodents with induced obesity. We report differences in the free running circadian locomotor activity rhythm and in the effects of light pulses between lean and obese mice. Also, the photo-induced expression of the c-Fos protein and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were examined at circadian time (CT) 14 and 22. We show that obese mice have a larger dispersion of the period of circadian locomotor rhythm in constant darkness. Photic induced phase shifts are nearly 50% shorter at CT 14, and 50% larger at CT 22 than in lean mice. The photoinduction of VIP in the SCN at CT 22 was larger in obese mice, which may be related to the differences observed in photic phase shifting. Our work indicates that the obesity in <i>Neotomodon</i> has effects on the neural mechanisms that regulate the circadian system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"15 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5356206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36485023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Most Cited Chronotype Research Papers.","authors":"Ray Norbury","doi":"10.5334/jcr.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bibliometric indices are a widely used measure of research impact. The aim of the current study was to identify and characterise the top one hundred most-cited research articles in the topic of chronotype research. A search of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science database returned 974 eligible articles (published between 1990 and 2016). Citations for the 100 most-cited articles ranged between 438 and 29. The most represented journal was Chronobiology International (<i>n</i> = 30). Nearly 50% of articles originated in Germany and the U.S. The bibliometrics reported identify key publications and provide insight into trends within the topic of chronotype research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"15 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5356203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36485024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cold-Dry (Harmattan) and Hot-Dry Seasons on Daily Rhythms of Rectal and Body Surface Temperatures in Sheep and Goats in a Natural Tropical Environment.","authors":"Ndazo S Minka,&nbsp;Joseph O Ayo","doi":"10.5334/jcr.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on daily rhythmicity in livestock under natural conditions are limited, and there is mounting evidence that rhythm patterns differ between chronobiological studies conducted in the laboratory and studies conducted under pronounced natural seasonality. Here, we investigated the influence of cold-dry (harmattan) and hot-dry seasons on daily rhythmicity of rectal (RT) and body surface temperatures (BST) in indigenous sheep and goats under natural light-dark cycles. The RT and BST of the animals, and the ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH) inside the pen, were measured every three hours for a period of two days, twice on separate days during the hot-dry and the harmattan seasons, respectively. The AT and RH had minimum values of 16°C and 15% recorded during the harmattan and maximum values of 32°C and 46% recorded during the hot-dry season, respectively. A trigonometric statistical model was applied to characterize the main rhythmic parameters according to the single cosinor procedure. The result showed that RT and BST exhibited different degrees of daily rhythmicity, and their oscillatory patterns differed with the seasons (larger amplitude during the harmattan season than during the hot-dry season). The goats displayed greater (p < 0.05) amplitude of BST than the sheep in all seasons. The acrophases were restricted to the light phase of the light-dark cycle. The mesor of RT in goats was not affected by the season, but mesors of BST in both species were significantly higher (p < 0.05) during the hot-dry than the harmattan season. The goats had a more robust RT rhythm (70%) as compared to the sheep (56%). Overall, the results demonstrated that seasonal changes influenced considerably the daily rhythmicity of RT and BST in sheep and goats under natural light-dark cycle. Awareness of these changes may be useful in the improvement of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases, and welfare and productivity of sheep and goats under cold-dry and hot-dry conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5334/jcr.143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36485021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronobiological Hypothesis about the Association Between Height Growth Seasonality and Geographical Differences in Body Height According to Effective Day Length","authors":"M. Yokoya, Yukito Higuchi","doi":"10.5334/jcr.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.142","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on growth hormone therapy in children have shown that height velocity is greater in summer than in winter and that this difference increases with latitude. It is hypothesized that summer daylight is a causative factor and that geographical distribution of body height will approximate the distribution of summer day length over time. This is an ecological analysis of prefecture-level data on the height of Japanese youth. Mesh climatic data of effective day length were collated. While height velocity was greatest during the summer, the height of Japanese youth was strongly and negatively correlated with the distribution of winter effective day length. Therefore, it is anticipated that summer height velocity is greater according to winter day length (dark period). This may be due to epigenetic modifications, involving reversible DNA methylation and thyroid hormone regulation found in the reproductive system of seasonal breeding vertebrates. If the function is applicable to humans, summer height growth may quantitatively increase with winter day length, and height growth seasonality can be explained by thyroid hormone activities that-induced by DNA methylation-change depending on the seasonal difference in day length. Moreover, geographical differences in body height may be caused by geographical differences in effective day length, which could influence melatonin secretion among subjects who spend a significant time indoors.","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70675178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle Bmal1 is Dispensable for the Progress of Neurogenic Muscle Atrophy in Mice","authors":"R. Nakao, S. Shimba, K. Oishi","doi":"10.5334/JCR.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JCR.141","url":null,"abstract":"Global deletion of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like (Arntl; also known as Bmal1), a molecular component of the circadian clock, resulted in an extreme loss of muscle mass. However, the functional role of muscle BMAL1 has not been elucidated. Here, we used muscle-specific Bmal1 knockout mice to determine whether disrupting the muscle clock exacerbates muscle atrophy induced by sciatic denervation or aging. The muscle mass of wild-type and muscle-specific Bmal1 knockout mice decreased to a similar extent at seven days after denervation, although Bmal1 ablation partly attenuated the upregulation of genes encoding muscle atrophy-related ubiquitin ligases, muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1). A comparison of adult and elderly mice aged 7 – 8 and 23 – 24 months, respectively, confirmed that ablating muscle Bmal1 scarcely affected the extent to which aging induced the loss of muscle mass. Muscle Bmal1 minimally affected the progression of muscle atrophy caused by sciatic denervation or aging.","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian and Geotactic Behaviors: Genetic Pleiotropy in <i>Drosophila Melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Dale L Clayton","doi":"10.5334/jcr.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data presented in this paper test the hypotheses that Hirsch's positive geotaxis <i>(Lo)</i> and negative geotaxis <i>(Hi5)</i> strains of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) differ in length of the free-running circadian activity period (tau) as well as adult geotaxis. Several genes have been shown to alter geotaxis in <i>Drosophila</i>. Two of these genes, cryptochrome <i>(cry)</i> and Pigment-dispersing-factor <i>(Pdf)</i> are integral to the function of biological clocks. Pdf plays a crucial role in maintaining free-running circadian periods. The <i>cry</i> gene alters blue-light (<420 nm) phototransduction which affects biological clocks, spatial orientation and taxis relative to gravity, magnetic fields, solar, lunar, and celestial radiation in several species. The cry gene is involved in phase resetting (entrainment) of the circadian clock by blue light (<420 nm). Geotaxis involves spatial orientation, so it might be expected that geotaxis is linked genetically with other forms of spatial orientation. The association between geotaxis and biological clocks is less intuitive. The data and the literature presented here show that genes, physiology and behavioural aspects of geotaxis, biological clocks, magnetosensitivity and other types of spatial orientation, are complex, intriguing and interrelated.</p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5334/jcr.140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36485020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro and in vivo Phase Changes of the Mouse Circadian Clock by Oxidative Stress","authors":"Y. Tahara, Aya Yokota, T. Shiraishi, Shunya Yamada, Atsushi Haraguchi, A. Shinozaki, S. Shibata","doi":"10.5334/jcr.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.136","url":null,"abstract":"Mammalian circadian rhythms are governed by an endogenous circadian clock system, including the molecular clock works in each cell and tissue. Adaptation of the circadian clock to different environmental stimuli such as light, food, and stress is essential for homeostasis maintenance. However, the influence of oxidative stress on the circadian clock phase is not fully understood in vitro and in vivo. Here, we examined the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress on the PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE bioluminescence rhythm in mouse embryonic fibroblasts in vitro and in mouse peripheral tissues in vivo. The circadian clock phase changed with the dose of H2O2 and time of day in vitro; similar phase changes were observed in vivo in the circadian clocks of the peripheral tissues. In addition, mice treated with hemin-induced oxidative stress also showed phase changes of peripheral clocks, similarly as H2O2 treatment. Thus, oxidative stress can entrain circadian clock systems.","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70674934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PER3 Polymorphism Interacts with Sleep Duration to Influence Transient Mood States in Women.","authors":"Tatiana D Viena,&nbsp;Christina M Gobin,&nbsp;Ana I Fins,&nbsp;Travis J A Craddock,&nbsp;Aurélien Tartar,&nbsp;Jaime L Tartar","doi":"10.5334/jcr.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Expression of the clock family of genes in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) regulates the molecular control of circadian timing. Increasing evidence also implicates clock gene activity in the development of mood disorders. In particular, variation in the PER3 clock gene has been shown to influence diurnal preference and sleep homeostasis. However, there is not currently a clear association between PER3 polymorphisms and mood. This is possibly because the PER3 gene has been shown to influence homeostatic sleep drive, rather than circadian timing, and the PER3 gene may be behaviorally relevant only under chronic sleep loss conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To test the association between PER3 allele status and impaired mood, a total of 205 healthy women were genotyped for PER3 allele status and responded to previously-validated psychological questionnaires surveying self-reported sleep habits (MEQ, PSQI) and mood. Our mood measures included two measures of short-term, transient mood (state anxiety and mood disturbance) and two measures of longer term, ongoing mood (trait anxiety and depressive symptomology).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PER3 genotype distribution was 88 (42.9%) for PER3(4/4), 98 (47.8%) for PER3(4/5), and 19 (9.3%) for PER3(5/5). Our sleep duration x genotype interaction analyses showed that, relative to longer allele carriers, PER3(4/4) genotypes were at greater risk for transient psychological effects (mood and state anxiety) when they reported reduced sleep durations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep duration plays a critical role in understanding the extent to which PER3 allele status relates to mood states.</p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4834748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34425410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Phase-Shifting Effects of Bright Light, Exercise, and Bright Light + Exercise.","authors":"Shawn D Youngstedt,&nbsp;Christopher E Kline,&nbsp;Jeffrey A Elliott,&nbsp;Mark R Zielinski,&nbsp;Tina M Devlin,&nbsp;Teresa A Moore","doi":"10.5334/jcr.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited research has compared the circadian phase-shifting effects of bright light and exercise and additive effects of these stimuli. The aim of this study was to compare the phase-delaying effects of late night bright light, late night exercise, and late evening bright light followed by early morning exercise. In a within-subjects, counterbalanced design, 6 young adults completed each of three 2.5-day protocols. Participants followed a 3-h ultra-short sleep-wake cycle, involving wakefulness in dim light for 2h, followed by attempted sleep in darkness for 1 h, repeated throughout each protocol. On night 2 of each protocol, participants received either (1) bright light alone (5,000 lux) from 2210-2340 h, (2) treadmill exercise alone from 2210-2340 h, or (3) bright light (2210-2340 h) followed by exercise from 0410-0540 h. Urine was collected every 90 min. Shifts in the 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) cosine acrophase from baseline to post-treatment were compared between treatments. Analyses revealed a significant additive phase-delaying effect of bright light + exercise (80.8 ± 11.6 [SD] min) compared with exercise alone (47.3 ± 21.6 min), and a similar phase delay following bright light alone (56.6 ± 15.2 min) and exercise alone administered for the same duration and at the same time of night. Thus, the data suggest that late night bright light followed by early morning exercise can have an additive circadian phase-shifting effect. </p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4834751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34424955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Shift Work on Cognitive Performance, Sleep Quality, and Sleepiness among Petrochemical Control Room Operators.","authors":"Reza Kazemi,&nbsp;Rashid Haidarimoghadam,&nbsp;Majid Motamedzadeh,&nbsp;Rostam Golmohamadi,&nbsp;Alireza Soltanian,&nbsp;Mohamad Reza Zoghipaydar","doi":"10.5334/jcr.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jcr.134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shift work is associated with both sleepiness and reduced performance. The aim of this study was to examine cognitive performance, sleepiness, and sleep quality among petrochemical control room shift workers. Sixty shift workers participated in this study. Cognitive performance was evaluated using a number of objective tests, including continuous performance test, n-back test, and simple reaction time test; sleepiness was measured using the subjective Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS); and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. ANCOVA, t-test, and repeated-measures ANOVA were applied for statistical analyses, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. All variables related to cognitive performance, except for omission error, significantly decreased at the end of both day and night shifts (p < 0.0001). There were also significant differences between the day and night shifts in terms of the variables of omission error (p < 0.027) and commission error (p < 0.036). A significant difference was also observed between daily and nightly trends of sleepiness (p < 0.0001) so that sleepiness was higher for the night shift. Participants had low sleep quality on both day and night shifts, and there were significant differences between the day and night shifts in terms of subjective sleep quality and quantity (p < 0.01). Long working hours per shift result in fatigue, irregularities in the circadian rhythm and the cycle of sleep, induced cognitive performance decline at the end of both day and night shifts, and increased sleepiness in night shift. It, thus, seems necessary to take ergonomic measures such as planning for more appropriate shift work and reducing working hours. </p>","PeriodicalId":15461,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Circadian Rhythms","volume":"14 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5334/jcr.134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34424954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}