Francisco S.N. Lobo, Jorde A.A. Ramos and Manuel E. Rodrigues
{"title":"Supermassive black hole in NGC 4649 (M60) with a dark matter halo: impact on shadow measurements and thermodynamic properties","authors":"Francisco S.N. Lobo, Jorde A.A. Ramos and Manuel E. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/024","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate black hole (BH) solutions embedded in a dark matter (DM) halo, modeled as extensions of the Schwarzschild metric. The DM density profile is constrained by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data, stellar dynamics, and globular cluster (GC) measurements of the elliptical galaxy NGC 4649 (M60). Using this profile, we construct two distinct spacetime solutions characterized by the black hole mass (M), critical velocity (Vc), and core radius (a), all reducing to the Schwarzschild case in the limit Vc = 0 and a = 0. Our results show that the DM halo modifies essential BH features, such as the event horizon radius and spacetime curvature, as reflected in the Kretschmann scalar. We also derive an approximate analytical expression for the BH shadow radius, which increases slightly due to the halo's influence. Comparisons with two observational datasets further validate the analysis. Thermodynamic properties are examined across the two models. In the first, a generalized Smarr formula is obtained via two additional variables, γ and a. The second incorporates halo effects through Vc and a. These results underscore the role of DM in shaping both geometric and thermodynamic aspects of BHs.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mathew Thomas Arun, Prachiti P. Athalye and Basabendu Barman
{"title":"Light PIDM in warped extra dimensions","authors":"Mathew Thomas Arun, Prachiti P. Athalye and Basabendu Barman","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/028","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional Planckian Interacting Dark Matter (PIDM), which interacts exclusively through gravity, typically requires heavy DM candidates (with mass 103–1015 GeV) and very high reheating temperature (Trh ≳ 1015 GeV). In this article, we explore a novel realization of PIDM in warped five-dimensions, consisting of an Ultra Violet-Dark-Infra Red (UV-DB-IR) brane setup, where the DM can be a Dark brane composite light state with mass 1 MeV–1 TeV. The DM sector is assumed to interact solely via gravity in five-dimensions. After orbifolding and performing a Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition, the DM is assumed to be localized onto the DB, which is positioned in the extra-dimension such that the DM interacts with both the massless graviton and its massive KK excitations, with suppressed couplings to remain consistent with the ethos of the PIDM framework. The light (heavy) Standard Model matter is assumed to be localized near UV (IR) branes for the geometric Froggatt-Neilsen mechanism, while their KK modes are localized close to the IR brane. We show that this construction allows for a viable and efficient freeze-in production mechanism for light composite PIDM, consistent with TeV-scale reheating temperature.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michele Lenzi, Arnau Montava Agudo and Carlos F. Sopuerta
{"title":"Korteweg-de Vries integrals for modified black hole potentials: instabilities and other questions","authors":"Michele Lenzi, Arnau Montava Agudo and Carlos F. Sopuerta","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/021","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi-normal modes (QNMs) and greybody factors are some of the most characteristic features of the dynamics of black holes (BHs) and represent the basis for a number of fundamental physics tests with gravitational wave observations. It is therefore important to understand the properties of these quantities, naturally introduced within BH perturbation theory, in particular the stability properties under modifications of the BH potential. Instabilities in the QNMs have been recently shown to appear in the BH pseudospectrum under certain circumstances. In this work, we give a novel point of view based on the existence of some recently discovered hidden symmetries in BH dynamics and the associated infinite series of conserved quantities, the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) integrals. We provide different motivations to use the KdV integrals as indicators of some crucial BH spectral properties. In particular, by studying them in different scenarios described by modified BH barriers, we find strong evidence that the KdV conserved quantities represent a useful tool to look for instabilities in the BH spectrum of QNMs and in their greybody factors.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matteo Fasiello, Joanes Lizarraga, Alexandros Papageorgiou and Ander Urio
{"title":"Kinetic fragmentation of the QCD axion on the lattice","authors":"Matteo Fasiello, Joanes Lizarraga, Alexandros Papageorgiou and Ander Urio","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/019","url":null,"abstract":"Kinetic misalignment, one of the most compelling scenarios for the non-thermal generation of axion dark matter, is generally accompanied by axion fragmentation, a process in which the energy of the axion condensate is transferred to its perturbations. The dynamics of fragmentation, at least in the context of dark matter production, have so far been studied semi-analytically using perturbation theory. In this work, we present the first classical lattice simulation of kinetic axion fragmentation in the context of dark matter production, focusing on parameters relevant to the QCD axion. Our findings indicate that the non-perturbative dynamics captured by the lattice lead to a significantly broader spectrum of axion fluctuations, with a sustained transfer of energy to mildly relativistic modes and with smaller occupation numbers compared to the linear approximation. As a consequence, the final dark matter abundance is typically 𝒪(1) lower than in the linear approximation, which is itself 𝒪(1) lower than the zero-mode-only prediction. This broadening and suppression of the spectrum could have a significant impact on axion mini-halo formation, one of the main experimental handles on kinetic fragmentation.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolas Busca, James Rich, Julian Bautista, Andrei Cuceu, Andreu Font-Ribera, Julien Guy, Hiram K. Herrera-Alcantar, Julianna Stermer, Christophe Balland, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, T. Claybaugh, A. de la Macorra, P. Doel, S. Ferraro, J.E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztañaga, C. Gordon, G. Gutierrez, M. Ishak, R. Kehoe, D. Kirkby, A. Kremin, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, C. Magneville, P. Martini, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, N. Palanque-Delabrouille, F. Prada, I. Pérez-Ràfols, C. Ravoux, G. Rossi, E. Sanchez, D. Schlegel, H. Seo, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarlé, B.A. Weaver, R. Zhou and H. Zou
{"title":"The effects of continuum fitting on Lyman-α forest correlations","authors":"Nicolas Busca, James Rich, Julian Bautista, Andrei Cuceu, Andreu Font-Ribera, Julien Guy, Hiram K. Herrera-Alcantar, Julianna Stermer, Christophe Balland, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, T. Claybaugh, A. de la Macorra, P. Doel, S. Ferraro, J.E. Forero-Romero, E. Gaztañaga, C. Gordon, G. Gutierrez, M. Ishak, R. Kehoe, D. Kirkby, A. Kremin, M. Landriau, L. Le Guillou, C. Magneville, P. Martini, R. Miquel, S. Nadathur, N. Palanque-Delabrouille, F. Prada, I. Pérez-Ràfols, C. Ravoux, G. Rossi, E. Sanchez, D. Schlegel, H. Seo, J. Silber, D. Sprayberry, G. Tarlé, B.A. Weaver, R. Zhou and H. Zou","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/020","url":null,"abstract":"Correlations of fluctuations of the flux in Lyman-α forests of high-redshift quasars have been observed by the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation Spectroscopy Survey (BOSS) and the Dark Energy Spectroscopy Instrument (DESI) survey where they have revealed the effects of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). In order to fit the correlation functions to a physical model and thereby constrain cosmological parameters, it is necessary to take into account the effects of fitting the observed spectra to a template about which the fluctuations are measured. In this paper we use mock spectra to test the distortion matrix technique that has been used since the final BOSS data release to appropriately distort the models. We show that while percent-level effects on the derived forest bias parameters may be present, the technique works sufficiently well that the determination of the BAO peak position is not affected at the percent level. We introduce modifications in the technique used by DESI that were not in the original applications and suggest further possibilities for improvements.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cosmological cutting rules for Bogoliubov initial states: any mass and spin","authors":"Diptimoy Ghosh and Farman Ullah","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/016","url":null,"abstract":"The cosmological optical theorem and the cutting rules are well-known consequences of unitary time evolution in cosmology. The earlier works showed that assuming a Bunch-Davies initial state, one can derive equations relating a wavefunction diagram with a given number of internal lines to a sum of diagrams with fewer internal lines. In particular, it can relate a loop diagram to a sum of tree-level diagrams. Recently these relations were generalised to a set of excited initial states known as Bogoliubov states and they were shown to have non-trivial consequences for n-point contact and 4-point exchange diagrams. This analysis restricted the field content to massless and conformally coupled scalar fields. In this paper, we take the final step of generalising these “Bogoliubov cutting rules” to fields of any mass and spin. We define modified propagator identities and corresponding “discontinuities” which automatically generalise the earlier relations to fields of any mass and spin. Finally, we discuss issues concerning the far past convergence of time integrals in the complex plane.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polymer cosmology with polymer matter: effective dynamics","authors":"Aleena Zulfiqar and Syed Moeez Hassan","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/018","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effective dynamics of a polymer quantized scalar field living on an effective polymer quantized homogeneous and isotropic background. We use a presureless dust field as an internal clock, and work with volume variables. Our results show how the quantum bounce in the early universe is affected as the initial conditions and various physical parameters — including the scalar field polymer scale — are varied. We also find, generically, that there is asymmetric evolution across the bounce.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"WI2easy: warm inflation dynamics made easy","authors":"Gabriel S. Rodrigues and Rudnei O. Ramos","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/014","url":null,"abstract":"We present WI2easy, a Mathematica package for high-precision analysis of warm inflation (WI) dynamics, enabling efficient computation of both background evolution and curvature perturbations. Designed with a user-friendly interface, the tool supports a broad spectrum of inflaton potentials — including large-field, small-field, and hybrid models — and accommodates arbitrary dissipation coefficients dependent on temperature, field amplitude, or both, encompassing canonical forms prevalent in WI studies. Users can define custom models through intuitive commands, generating full dynamical trajectories and perturbation spectra in a streamlined workflow. This facilitates rapid confrontation of theoretical predictions with observational constraints, empowering systematic exploration of WI parameter spaces. WI2easy bridges the gap between theoretical models and observational cosmology, offering a robust, adaptable framework for next-generation inflationary analyses.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano, Andronikos Paliathanasis and Emmanuel N. Saridakis
{"title":"Barrow and Tsallis entropies after the DESI DR2 BAO data","authors":"Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano, Andronikos Paliathanasis and Emmanuel N. Saridakis","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/013","url":null,"abstract":"Modified cosmology based on Barrow entropy arises from the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture, in which the standard Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is replaced by the Barrow entropy of quantum-gravitational origin, characterized by the Barrow parameter Δ. Interestingly, this framework exhibits similarities with cosmology based on Tsallis δ-entropy, which, although rooted in a non-extensive generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics, features the same power-law deformation of the holographic scaling present in the Barrow case. We use observational data from Supernova Type Ia (SNIa), Cosmic Chronometers (CC), and Baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO), including the recently released DESI DR2 data, in order to extract constraints on such scenarios. As we show, the best-fit value for the Barrow exponent Δ is found to be negative, while the zero value, which corresponds to ΛCDM paradigm, is allowed only in the range of 2σ for three out of four datasets. Additionally, for the case of the SN0+OHD+BAO dataset, for the current Hubble function we obtain a value of H0 = 72.2-0.9+0.9, which may potentially alleviate the H0 tension. Moreover, we compare our results with the Gaussian Process reconstruction of the dark-energy equation of state for the DESI + Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) + Union3 datasets. Finally, by applying information criteria such as the Akaike Information Criterion and the Bayes evidence, we compare the fitting efficiency of the scenario at hand with ΛCDM cosmology, showing that the latter is slightly favoured.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constraining asymmetric DM properties by black hole formation in neutron stars and Population III stars","authors":"Jared Diks and Cosmin Ilie","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/09/017","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we explore the potential for Neutron Stars (NSs) at the Galactic center and Population III stars to constrain bosonic Asymmetric Dark Matter (ADM). We demonstrate that for NSs in an environment of sufficiently high DM density (ρχ ≳ 109 GeV/cm3), the effects of both multiscatter capture and DM evaporation cannot be neglected. Conversely, for Pop III stars, we find they are excellent at probing low-mass ADM. For instance, the most easily observable Population III stars could be highly effective at constraining high-σ low-mχ DM, maintaining efficacy below mχ = 10-15 GeV (assuming a Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) forms) thanks to their far lower value of mχ at which capture saturates to the geometric limit. Finally, we derive closed-form approximations for the evaporation rate of DM from arbitrary polytropic objects and from DM particles in a BEC state.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144987411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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