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Crime, Histoire & Sociétés最新文献

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Pieter Spierenburg as a Mentor and Inspirer 彼得·斯皮伦伯格作为导师和激励者
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2566
Manon van der Heijden
{"title":"Pieter Spierenburg as a Mentor and Inspirer","authors":"Manon van der Heijden","doi":"10.4000/chs.2566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2566","url":null,"abstract":"Pieter Spierenburg was my teacher, promotor and mentor in the academic world. I got to know him in 1987 as a first year student History at the Erasmus University of Rotterdam. He was an assistant professor or associate professor at that time, and he gave the first-year lectures on his book De verbroken betovering. Mentaliteitsgeschiedenis van preindustrieel Europa (The broken enchantment. The history of mentality in pre-industrial Europe). Like many other students I chose his classes in the f...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133537050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pieter Spierenburg. A Personal Appreciation Pieter Spierenburg。个人欣赏
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2534
James Sharpe
{"title":"Pieter Spierenburg. A Personal Appreciation","authors":"James Sharpe","doi":"10.4000/chs.2534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2534","url":null,"abstract":"I first met Pieter Spierenburg at the Social History Society of the UK conference in Birmingham in January 1977, where he was giving a presentation along with Herman Diederiks and (if I remember correctly) Sjoerd Faber. Also present was Tim Curtis, at that time the other British scholar researching into crime in early modern England. Tim and I had heard vaguely of the Dutch Group for Criminal Justice History, and were delighted to make contact with three Dutch scholars whose interests and app...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116400045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suffering on Display 苦难展露
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2418
Daniel P. Johnson, R. Pickin
{"title":"Suffering on Display","authors":"Daniel P. Johnson, R. Pickin","doi":"10.4000/chs.2418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2418","url":null,"abstract":"British prison museums often over-simplify complex social and cultural issues relating to historical crimes in favour of exhibitions heavily focused on penal reform. This omission of historical facts can affect the interpretation of prisoner experiences. Most studies conducted on prison museums have focused more generally on this issue but have not yet examined specific narratives of the historical prisoners that are presented through costumed interpretation. This article seeks to remedy this via an analysis of problematic interpretations of female prisoners, prison staff, and anachronistic interactions between historic individuals at two museums; The National Justice Museum in Nottingham and York Castle Museum. The article examines how certain characters are portrayed at the sites and how their characterisations depart from the historical record. It argues that the neglect of central historical facts at these sites may severely misrepresent historical individuals and their cases.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128818523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Cost of Litigation 诉讼费用
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2357
Ans Vervaeke, G. Vermeesch
{"title":"The Cost of Litigation","authors":"Ans Vervaeke, G. Vermeesch","doi":"10.4000/chs.2357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2357","url":null,"abstract":"The complaint that litigation was unreasonably complex and costly was commonly voiced across early modern Europe, and has often been espoused by historians. However, scholars also emphasise that litigants were not necessarily the passive victims of impenetrable layers of litigation simply concocted at the whim of legal professionals. Therefore, this article assesses the cost of litigation in the way it was really used, notably in the Franc of Bruges (Brugse Vrije, in today Belgium) during the eighteenth century. Many cases did not go beyond the early phases, leading us to conclude that initial costs provide an accurate impression of the price actually paid by many litigants, amounting to roughly one month’s income from skilled labour. Also, most cases that ended in the early phases of proceeding, took progressively less time to reach a conclusion.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123481112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Un type de police européenne particulier 一种特殊的欧洲警察
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2467
Andrea Azzarelli
{"title":"Un type de police européenne particulier","authors":"Andrea Azzarelli","doi":"10.4000/chs.2467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2467","url":null,"abstract":"L’article reconstitue la presence sur le territoire de la Pubblica Sicurezza italienne, police civile directement sous l’autorite du ministere de l’Interieur. Sur la base des donnees collectees dans les pages de l’Annuaire de l’Etat italien, l’auteur montre les caracteristiques de l’organisation territoriale de cette police entre 1862 et 1914. Il en resulte une institution marquee par une regionalisation tres accentuee : parmi les differents territoires du pays, la Sicile, region toujours troublee par de graves difficultes dans la gestion de l’ordre public, etait caracterisee par une forte presence des officiers de la Pubblica Sicurezza, ce qui la distinguait profondement des autres regions italiennes.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117081811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Torture in Modern Spain 现代西班牙的酷刑
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2443
Pedro Oliver Olmo
{"title":"Torture in Modern Spain","authors":"Pedro Oliver Olmo","doi":"10.4000/chs.2443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2443","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores how the notion of torture developed in Spain throughout the nineteeth century, becoming eventually a tool for denouncing state repression. It first considers torture in the early part of the century and the abolition of judicial torture and los apremios (any form of coercion used against an accused while in custody). It argues that the acceptance that legalised torture was inhumane helped to foreground another form of torture not yet named: government torture (the institutional violence used in spaces of detention and imprisonment to force detainees to confess and implicate others or as an additional punishment for prisoners). Hidden behind a variety of terms such as tormento, maltratamientos (mistreatment) and malos tratos (ill-treatment) it was not until after the formation of the liberal state that “government torture” came to acquire its modern meaning around the turn of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116649881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
From Prison to Society 从监狱到社会
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2365
T. Kehoe, J. Pfeifer, J. Skues
{"title":"From Prison to Society","authors":"T. Kehoe, J. Pfeifer, J. Skues","doi":"10.4000/chs.2365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2365","url":null,"abstract":"Crime in colonial Australia has attracted considerable scholarly attention, yet comparatively little quantitative analysis. The aggregation of the records of the Court of Criminal Jurisdiction — which operated between 1788 and 1823 as the sole adjudicator of serious crimes in the colony — creates an opportunity for the statistical characterisation of criminal prosecutions during the earliest years after British settlement. Analysis reveals that the frequency of prosecutions as a percentage of population was high during the first decade after British settlement, and then dropped, stabilised, and thereafter, whilst the totality of charges rose, the rate remained proportionate to the growth of population. The distribution of offences prosecuted before the court also changed from more minor to serious crimes over this same period. Deploying both historical and criminological methods, this article argues that changes in the crime before the court was reflective of a profound societal transformation, from a highly scrutinized penal community in the first decade after settlement to a diversified and more complex society thereafter.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124381755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clocks and Crime: Conceptions of Time in the Writings of Cesare Lombroso 时钟与犯罪:切萨雷·龙布罗梭作品中的时间观念
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.4000/CHS.2265
P. Knepper
{"title":"Clocks and Crime: Conceptions of Time in the Writings of Cesare Lombroso","authors":"P. Knepper","doi":"10.4000/CHS.2265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/CHS.2265","url":null,"abstract":"This article outlines and interrogates six different conceptions of time embedded in Lombroso’s writings, arguing that research to date has underappreciated both the range and significance of the different concepts of time he deployed. The article outlines the six conceptions of time (deep time, time moving at multiple speeds, time as progress, fitful time, time speeding up and time moving backwards) and demonstrates the importance of each on his body of work and the development of his ideas. Throughout, the article argues that recognising the different concepts of time deployed by Lombroso also gives a fresh appreciation of the extent to which he both drew on and was embedded in broader currents of contemporary thought.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124075023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Work of Cesare Lombroso and its Reception: Further Contexts and Perspectives 切萨雷·隆布罗索的作品及其接受:进一步的背景和观点
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.4000/chs.2258
J. Dunnage
{"title":"The Work of Cesare Lombroso and its Reception: Further Contexts and Perspectives","authors":"J. Dunnage","doi":"10.4000/chs.2258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/chs.2258","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue adds to the ever growing literature on Cesare Lombroso, reflecting a recent flourishing of scholarly interest in the Italian criminal anthropologist. As Paul Knepper and P.J. Ystehede note in the introduction to The Cesare Lombroso Handbook (2013): “A significant body of revisionist scholarship is emerging within criminology and other disciplines across the human sciences. New translations of Lombroso’s most widely known works by revisionist pioneers such as Mary Gibson and...","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124690059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940 反对上升的犯罪浪潮:切萨雷·隆布罗索与意大利“危险阶级”的控制，1861-1940
Crime, Histoire & Sociétés Pub Date : 2018-12-31 DOI: 10.4000/CHS.2313
E. Musumeci
{"title":"Against the Rising Tide of Crime: Cesare Lombroso and Control of the “Dangerous Classes” in Italy, 1861-1940","authors":"E. Musumeci","doi":"10.4000/CHS.2313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4000/CHS.2313","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the impact of criminal anthropology, established by Cesare Lombroso, on the field of scientific policing in Italy. It focuses on the techniques and methods employed by police departments to identify and detect criminals and suspects at the end of the nineteenth century and during the first half of the twentieth century in order to control the so-called “dangerous classes”. In Italy, the Bertillonage system was introduced thanks to the efforts of Salvatore Ottolenghi (1861-1934), a pupil of Cesare Lombroso and founder of the Italian scientific police (polizia scientifica). While such identification techniques spread to many countries, their deployment in Italy was different, being strongly influenced by Lombroso’s concept of “criminal man”. The so-called “Ottolenghi method” was used, particularly during the Fascist regime, to identify not only criminals but also “subversives”, “enemies of social order” and any “suspicious person”.","PeriodicalId":154337,"journal":{"name":"Crime, Histoire & Sociétés","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130322626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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