{"title":"Relationship between critical care nutrition and post-intensive care syndrome in surviving ventilated patients with COVID-19: a multicenter prospective observational study.","authors":"Kensuke Nakamura, Junji Hatakeyama, Keibun Liu, Kazuma Yamakawa, Takeshi Nishida, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Shigeaki Inoue, Satoru Hashimoto, Shuhei Maruyama, Daisuke Kawakami, Yoshitaka Ogata, Katsura Hayakawa, Hiroaki Shimizu, Taku Oshima, Tatsuya Fuchigami, Osamu Nishida","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-66","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of nutrition therapy in the acute phase on post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) remains unclear. We conducted a multicenter prospective study on adult patients with COVID-19 who required mechanical ventilation for more than three days. The questionnaire was mailed after discharge. Physical PICS, defined as less than 90 points on the Barthel index (BI), was assigned as the primary outcome. We examined the types of nutrition therapy in the first week that affected PICS components. 269 eligible patients were evaluated 10 months after discharge. Supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) >400 kcal/day correlated with a lower occurrence of physical PICS (10% vs 21.92%, <i>p</i> = 0.042), whereas the amounts of energy and protein provided, early enteral nutrition, and a gradual increase in nutrition delivery did not, and none correlated with cognitive or mental PICS. A multivariable regression analysis revealed that SPN had an independent impact on physical PICS (odds ratio 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.92, <i>p</i> = 0.034), even after adjustments for age, sex, body mass index and severity. Protein provision ≥1.2 g/kg/day was associated with a lower occurrence of physical PICS (odds ratio 0.42, 95% CI 0.16-1.08, <i>p</i> = 0.071). In conclusion, SPN in the acute phase had a positive impact on physical PICS for ventilated patients with COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10822758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of fat indices as factors leading to sarcopenia in older adults residing in underpopulated areas.","authors":"Yasutaka Mizukami, Hidenori Onishi, Yuta Mifuku, Masafumi Kubota, Ryouko Ikeda, Hiroyuki Hayashi, Osamu Yamamura","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-33","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Simplifying the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia is key to establishing effective interventions. Herein, we aimed to clarify novel diagnostic factors. We calculated novel fat indices [total fat index (TFI) and limb fat index (LFI)] and clarified factors leading to pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia in 594 enrolled older adults. Physical measurements [height, weight, body mass index (BMI), gait speed, grip strength, and skeletal muscle mass] were performed. Sarcopenia was determined using established diagnostic criteria (pre-sarcopenia, <i>n</i> = 102; sarcopenia, <i>n</i> = 42). Age was associated with sarcopenia status. BMI, TFI, and LFI were lower in patients with pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia. Logistic regression analysis showed the following odds ratios (ORs) for pre-sarcopenia: BMI [OR: 0.787, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7-0.885], LFI (OR: 0.589, 95% CI: 0.402-0.863), and age (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.1). ORs for sarcopenia (vs pre-sarcopenia) were as follows: LFI (OR: 50.6, 95% CI: 10.2-250.0), age (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2), and BMI (OR: 0.418, 95% CI: 0.28-0.608). Our findings contribute to informing medical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"70-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10822752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miso, fermented soybean paste, suppresses high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced muscle atrophy in mice.","authors":"Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Takuro Okamura, Ryo Bamba, Yuta Yoshimura, Chihiro Munekawa, Ayumi Kaji, Akane Miki, Saori Majima, Takafumi Senmaru, Emi Ushigome, Hiroshi Takakuwa, Ryoichi Sasano, Naoko Nakanishi, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-36","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of miso, a traditional fermented soybean food in Japan, on muscle mass atrophy. Eight week old male C57BL/6J mice were fed high fat/high sucrose diet with or without miso for 12 weeks. A miso diet increased soleus muscle weights (<i>p</i><0.05) and reduced intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance (<i>p</i><0.05). The miso diet downregulated the Tnfα and Ccl2 expression, related to inflammation, and Trim63 and Fbxo32 expression, related to muscle atrophy, in the soleus muscle (<i>p</i><0.05). The miso diet increased short-chain fatty acids levels, including acetic, propanoic, and butanoic acids, in the feces, serum, and soleus muscle (<i>p</i><0.05). According to the LEfSe analysis, the miso diet increased family Prevotellaceae, family Christensenellaceae, family Dehalobacterium, family Desulfitibacter; family Deferribacteraceae, order Deferribacterales, class Deferribacteres; and family Gemmatimonadaceae, order Gemmatimonadetes, and class Gemmatimonadales, whereas the miso diet decreased family Microbacteriaceae, order Micrococcales, class Actinobacteria, and family Lactobacillaceae. Miso suppressed high fat/high sucrose diet induced impaired glucose tolerance, low muscle strength, and muscle atrophy by improving dysbiosis and increasing short-chain fatty acids production and provides new insights into the preventive effects of fermented foods on sarcopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10822755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junfang Wu, Shumei Yang, Hua Wu, Yongcheng Huang, Yi Miao
{"title":"Knockdown of LRRK2 inhibits the progression of lung cancer by regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathways and NLRP3 inflammasome.","authors":"Junfang Wu, Shumei Yang, Hua Wu, Yongcheng Huang, Yi Miao","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.22-122","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.22-122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) plays an important role in a variety of inflammatory diseases, as well as peripheral and central immune responses. At present, there are few reports about the role of LRRK2 in lung cancer, and need to be further explored. The main purpose of this study is to explore the role and mechanism of LRRK2 in lung cancer. The results revealed that the expression of LRRK2 was increased in the tissues of lung cancer patient and lung cancer cells. Further studies found that interference with LRRK2 expression significantly induced the apoptosis, and promoted the expression of caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax. More importantly, si-LRRK2 inhibited the expression of VEGF and P-gp, indicating inhibition of cell proliferation and drug resistance. What's more, LRRK2 regulated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways and NLRP3 inflammasome, and TLR4/NF-κB pathways was involved in the molecular mechanism of LRRK2 on lung cancer cells. In conclusion, this study suggested that the mechanism of si-LRRK2 inhibiting the progression of lung cancer is to regulate the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways and NLRP3 inflammasome.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"178-184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69360703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Julian Arias-Chávez, Patrick Mailloux-Salinas, Jessica Ledesma Aparicio, Guadalupe Bravo, Norma Leticia Gómez-Viquez
{"title":"Combined fructose and sucrose consumption from an early age aggravates cardiac oxidative damage and causes a dilated cardiomyopathy in SHR rats.","authors":"David Julian Arias-Chávez, Patrick Mailloux-Salinas, Jessica Ledesma Aparicio, Guadalupe Bravo, Norma Leticia Gómez-Viquez","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-2","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity increases the risk of arterial hypertension in young adults and favors an early-onset cardiomyopathy by generating oxidative stress. In this sense, indiscriminate consumption of sucrose and fructose sweetened beverages from early ages causes obesity, however its consequences on the heart when there is a genetic predisposition to develop hypertension are not clear. We compared the effects of sucrose, fructose, and their combination in weanling male spontaneously hypertensive rats to determine the relationship between genetic hypertension, obesity, and consumption of these sugars on the degree of cardiac hypertrophy, oxidative stress and Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta oxidation. Histological, biochemical, and Western blot studies were performed 12 weeks after treatment initiation. We found that chronic consumption of sucrose or fructose leads to obesity, exacerbates genetic arterial hypertension-induced metabolic alterations, and increases cardiac oxidative stress, Ca<sup>2+</sup>/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II delta oxidation and cardiac hypertrophy. Nonetheless, when sucrose and fructose are consumed together, metabolic alterations worsen and are accompanied by dilated cardiomyopathy. These data suggest that sucrose and fructose combined consumption starting from maternal weaning in rats with genetic predisposition to arterial hypertension accelerates the progression of cardiomyopathy resulting in an early dilated cardiomyopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy of hydrogen/oxygen therapy favored the recovery of omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant infection: results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.","authors":"Meng-Meng Shi, Yun-Tian Chen, Xiao-Dan Wang, Yun-Feng Zhang, Ting Cheng, Hui Chen, Feng Sun, Hong Bao, Rong Chen, Wei-Ning Xiong, Yuan-Lin Song, Qing-Yun Li, Jie-Ming Qu","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-32","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical studies had found that hydrogen/oxygen mixed inhalation was beneficial to ameliorate the respiratory symptoms in the adjuvant treatment of patients with COVID-19. We aimed to explore the efficacy of hydrogen/oxygen therapy in favoring the recovery of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant infection. There were 64 patients who randomly assigned to receive hydrogen/oxygen inhalation (32 patients) and oxygen inhalation (32 patients). The average shedding duration of Omicron in hydrogen/oxygen group was shorter than oxygen group. The trend of cumulative negative conversion rate of Omicron increased gradually after the third day. The IL-6 levels in hydrogen/oxygen group decreased by 22.8% compared with the baseline. After hydrogen/oxygen mixed gas inhalation, the lymphocyte count increased to 61.1% of the baseline on the 3rd day in the hydrogen/oxygen group. More patients in the hydrogen/oxygen group had resolution of pulmonary lesions. Our study showed the beneficial trends of molecular hydrogen in treating patients with COVID-19, which may offer a prospective solution to adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 Patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"228-233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raisa Nauli, Septelia I Wanandi, Mohamad Sadikin, Radiana D Antarianto, Sri Widia A Jusman
{"title":"Inhibition of ALA dehydratase activity in heme biosynthesis reduces cytoglobin expression which is related to the proliferation and viability of keloid fibroblasts.","authors":"Raisa Nauli, Septelia I Wanandi, Mohamad Sadikin, Radiana D Antarianto, Sri Widia A Jusman","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-25","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of heme synthesis inhibition on cytoglobin expression and its correlation with keloid fibroblast viability and proliferation. The study was conducted on primary culture of keloid fibroblasts. Heme synthesis in keloid fibroblasts was inhibited using succinyl acetone. We measured amino levulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) enzyme activity using a colorimetric method; cytoglobin mRNA expression using qRT-PCR, cytoglobin protein expression using ELISA and immunocytochemistry, fibroblast viability using the MTT test; and fibroblast proliferation using BrdU test. The results showed that the ALAD enzyme activity level was lower in the keloid fibroblasts treated with succinyl-acetone (SA, 1, 2.5, and 5 mM) than in the control. The cytoglobin mRNA and protein expressions level were significantly lower in the keloid fibroblasts cultured with 2.5 mM and 5 mM SA than in the control and 1 mM SA. The viability and proliferation of the keloid fibroblasts decreased when the SA concentration was increased. In conclusion, the use of succinyl acetone at a concentration of 1; 2.5; and 5 mM caused decrease ALAD enzyme activity which indicated the inhibition of the heme synthesis. Inhibition of heme synthesis can affect cytoglobin expression, which correlates with the viability and proliferation of keloid fibroblasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"185-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humoral and cellular factors inhibit phosphate-induced vascular calcification during the growth period.","authors":"Yuki Kamei, Yosuke Okumura, Yuichiro Adachi, Yuki Mori, Maiko Sakai, Kohta Ohnishi, Hirokazu Ohminami, Masashi Masuda, Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura, Yutaka Taketani","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-11","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperphosphatemia is an independent and non-classical risk factor of cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Increased levels of extracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi) are known to directly induce vascular calcification, but the detailed underlying mechanism has not been clarified. Although serum Pi levels during the growth period are as high as those observed in hyperphosphatemia in adult CKD, vascular calcification does not usually occur during growth. Here, we have examined whether the defence system against Pi-induced vascular calcification can exist during the growth period using mice model. We found that calcification propensity of young serum (aged 3 weeks) was significantly lower than that of adult serum (10 months), possibly due to high fetuin-A levels. In addition, when the aorta was cultured in high Pi medium <i>in vitro</i>, obvious calcification was observed in the adult aorta but not in the young aorta. Furthermore, culture in high Pi medium increased the mRNA level of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), which degrades pyrophosphate, only in the adult aorta. Collectively, our findings indicate that the aorta in growing mouse may be resistant to Pi-induced vascular calcification via a mechanism in which high serum fetuin-A levels and suppressed TNAP expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of nutrition and oxidative stress as aging factors in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.","authors":"Kayo Yasuda, Masaki Miyazawa, Takamasa Ishii, Naoaki Ishii","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-44","DOIUrl":"10.3164/jcbn.23-44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The molecular mechanism of aging, which has been a \"black box\" for many years, has been elucidated in recent years, and the nematode <i>C. elegans</i>, which is a model animal for aging research, has played a major role in its elucidation. From the analysis of <i>C. elegans</i> longevity-related mutant genes, many signal transduction systems, with the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signal transduction system at the core, have emerged. It has become clear that this signal transduction system is greatly affected by external nutrients and is involved in the downstream regulation of oxidative stress, which is considered to be one of the main causes of aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"1 1","pages":"173-177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69361208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to the Letter.","authors":"Hidekazu Arai","doi":"10.3164/jcbn.23-72R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.23-72R","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition","volume":"73 3","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134649007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}