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Application of Edward Azar's Theory "Protracted Social Conflict": A Case Study of Palestine-Israel Conflict 阿扎尔“持久社会冲突”理论的应用——以巴以冲突为例
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).01
Muhammad Anser Mehdi, Uffaq Khalid
{"title":"Application of Edward Azar's Theory \"Protracted Social Conflict\": A Case Study of Palestine-Israel Conflict","authors":"Muhammad Anser Mehdi, Uffaq Khalid","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).01","url":null,"abstract":"The sacred land of Palestine is under the commotion of blood and smoke.The origin and fundamental grounds of 70 years old between Muslims and the Jewish community. Since the inception of Israel, the western world has supported and expanded the reigns of Israel by shrinking the geographical and religious space for Palestinian Arabs. The conflict embraced ethnoreligious, racial, territorial, and ideological emotions,which remain unresolved even after numerous agreements and accords.The said conflict is evaluated through the lens of Edward Azar’s protracted social conflict theory, which encompasses communal content,governance, deprivation of human rights, and international linkages towards the Palestine- Israel conflict. The paper will highlight the major constraints and deep-rooted causes of the Palestine Israel conflict.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126456821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Information Security Policy Development: the Mechanism to Ensure Security Over Information Technology Systems 信息安全政策发展:确保信息技术系统安全的机制
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).04
Maryam Saadat, Muhammad Umar Abbasi
{"title":"Information Security Policy Development: the Mechanism to Ensure Security Over Information Technology Systems","authors":"Maryam Saadat, Muhammad Umar Abbasi","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).04","url":null,"abstract":"Information security is still in its embryonic phase. The reason is that there are certain malevolent actors in the network that are always looking for loopholes in the system and can harm organizations with their malicious activities. The development of information security policy is very important. It lays the foundations of certain significant standards and procedures that help mitigate the potential risks associated with the organization or its network. The following article has discussed information security policy and its respective development cycle for the implementation of policy infrastructure that could help secure vital data and information in an organization. A framework is explained that demonstrates the construction of a policy, keeping in mind the implementation of an effective security policy. It has elaborated the significance of auditing measures focusing on ISO-27001, the policy specifically designed for information security.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130101578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
China-Pakistan Relations under CPEC 中巴经济走廊框架下的中巴关系
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).03
S. Jaleel, Habibullah
{"title":"China-Pakistan Relations under CPEC","authors":"S. Jaleel, Habibullah","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).03","url":null,"abstract":"China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project was signed in 2015between Pakistan and China. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted with different experts, such as intellectuals, politicians, and historians. Pakistan, being the neighboring country of China, did not miss the opportunity and responded to the call seriously and developed diplomatic relations with China in 1950. Pakistan became one of the few countries which recognized China at the earliest. For the last many decades, China has been providing military, technical, and economic assistance to the government of Pakistan. A qualitative research method has been used to achieve the research goals. This article explains how the growing investment of China establishes mutual interdependence for both countries. Since then, both countries have enjoyed the strength and perpetuity of bilateral relations.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132356762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Competition among Great Powers: A Perspective of Bioterrorism 大国之间的竞争:生物恐怖主义的视角
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).02
Tayyaba Zaman Janjua, Noor Fatima, Saira Parivin
{"title":"Competition among Great Powers: A Perspective of Bioterrorism","authors":"Tayyaba Zaman Janjua, Noor Fatima, Saira Parivin","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).02","url":null,"abstract":"Warfare is an activity that has been conducted between humans since ages.Humans repeatedly practiced this activity, employed multiple strategies,and used different weapons in order to vanquish the enemy. Among these innumerable weapons, biological and chemical are of substantial significance. These biological and chemical agents have been used historically as weapons of destruction by states. The concept of using bio and chemical agents is even before the concept of statehood. These infectious weapons were employed in wars so as to vanquish the enemy forces. These weapons were available for a long, but their use was only sporadically, and they were employed stealthily.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minimizing and Reversing the Effect Caused by Misrepresentation of Electronic Me.. 减少和扭转电子Me虚假陈述造成的影响
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).05
Summaiya Chaudhry, Imran Ashraf, Noor Fatima
{"title":"Minimizing and Reversing the Effect Caused by Misrepresentation of Electronic Me..","authors":"Summaiya Chaudhry, Imran Ashraf, Noor Fatima","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-iii).05","url":null,"abstract":"t is extremely evident that a global image is extremely important for acountry, especially in today’s world and climate. With this, it is also justas important to highlight the extent to which a country’s global image canbe changed and how this benefits the country. In International as well asnational electronic media Pakistan has a terrible global image. The newsand media talks shows and social media networks all report aboutPakistan a state known for cases of honour killings, corruption, anddomestic violence","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115967945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Global Climate Change Regimes 了解全球气候变化机制
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).02
Khushboo Fatima, Noor Fatima
{"title":"Understanding the Global Climate Change Regimes","authors":"Khushboo Fatima, Noor Fatima","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).02","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is considered as one of the most hazardous security threats, which contains challenges for carbon-emitting countries as well as non-emitting countries. International regimes have been engaged in mitigating climate-related effects as these threats are more lethal than terrorism and any other traditional security threats. International regimes for climate change are being developed through an evolutionary process and currently working on different levels to combat the perils of climate change. Their efficiency is always under consideration by nonemitting states that are victims of climate change, consequently through developed or carbon-emitting states. The study identifies efficient and valuable work of climate regimes and provides a critical approach to so far work done on climate change to diminish its effects worldwide. The research includes the responsibility of various factors to mitigate the consequences of climate change i.e. role of carbon-emitting and nonemitting states and the role of inter-governmental organizations.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133376080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges of Indian Entry into OIC 印度加入伊斯兰会议组织的挑战
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).01
Saira Parvin, F. Hashmi, Muhammad Imran Ashraf
{"title":"Challenges of Indian Entry into OIC","authors":"Saira Parvin, F. Hashmi, Muhammad Imran Ashraf","doi":"10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2021(iv-i).01","url":null,"abstract":"Enough of humiliation and what India calls as defaming by the resolutions by OIC on Kashmir, India has dealt with the challenges it had to face to enter into OIC. The tale of challenges faced by India, and the reciprocal attitude of New Delhi is a concrete depiction of international politics based on national interests, and where International organizations voice for human rights but get overpowered by individual member's national interests. This piece of paper encompasses a show of challenges what India had to face, could overcome them and how creating challenges for its rivals.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"11 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116752535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bid for Regional Hegemony: China's Soft Power Strategy in Asia Pacific 争夺地区霸权:中国在亚太地区的软实力战略
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).04
Muhammad Imran Ashraf, Sehrish Khan Saddozai
{"title":"Bid for Regional Hegemony: China's Soft Power Strategy in Asia Pacific","authors":"Muhammad Imran Ashraf, Sehrish Khan Saddozai","doi":"10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).04","url":null,"abstract":"China aspires to be a regional hegemon in Asia Pacific region—this requires material as well as social factors This paper focuses on how China is utilizing its soft power to gain social legitimacy in the region. Using Joseph Nye's soft power, it argues that China is using its soft power to develop social acceptance for its new desired role in the region. In this vein, China's Belt Road Initiative (BRI) and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) are enhancing China's soft power in Asia Pacific region. The paper employs broader definition of soft power and analyzes all non-military tools used by China in Asia Pacific region.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132549630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Covid-19 and its Impact on South Asia: A Case Study of Pakistan 2019冠状病毒病及其对南亚的影响:以巴基斯坦为例
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).03
Z. Yaseen, Iqra Jathol, M. Muẓaffar
{"title":"Covid-19 and its Impact on South Asia: A Case Study of Pakistan","authors":"Z. Yaseen, Iqra Jathol, M. Muẓaffar","doi":"10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).03","url":null,"abstract":"The disease named COVID-19 is a pandemic disease that was began in China in December 2019, and after that spread in all over the world. China has victimized badly by the said disease and WHO has stated reservations that Pakistan might appear as the next victim of this pandemic. Pakistan and India are two major players in South Asia, they the facing pandemic disease now a days. Scholar hypothesizes that at contemporary circumstances the Pakistani commonalities are not ready to face any pandemic threat. This study will evaluate the basic health issues regarding covid-19, the political instability and health care facilities given to the Covid-19 victims. It also evaluates the lockdown policies in Pakistan and relieves given by the Governments. Results will be analyzed through secondary sources, journals, articles and other authentic material on this pandemic with null hypothesis that Pakistani community is not well aware of the COVID-19 and having lack of facilities and strategies for the safety of people and control of infection. The study will conclude about alarming situation in the country and effective implementations against covid-19.Question arises that How should control or aware the south Asian community. It depends on awareness, training, and cooperation of South Asian Community.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133493392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Pakistan – U.S. Relations and its Impact on Afghanistan 巴美关系及其对阿富汗的影响
Global International Relations Review Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).01
Mubbshar Ali, M. Ashraf, Iqra Jathol
{"title":"Pakistan – U.S. Relations and its Impact on Afghanistan","authors":"Mubbshar Ali, M. Ashraf, Iqra Jathol","doi":"10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31703/girr.2020(iii-i).01","url":null,"abstract":"Afghan's invasion of the Soviet Union in 1979 created panic worldwide and proved a decisive moment in the international political scenario. Soviet expansionism policy when challenged the security of Pakistan, it appeared as a front - line country and the main route to provide aid for Afghan Mujahedin. This paper has analytically reviews the Pakistan's decision to join 1979 Afghan war and evaluated how it benefited economic and defense conditions of Pakistan. Simultaneously, the article presents how this Afghan war posed grave threats to security (internal as well as external) of the country due to refugees flood that resulted not only in problematic scenario with respect to the economy, politics, and society but also produced ecological difficulties. Moreover, Afghan refugees caused deforestation for their food, eroded soil, propped up Kalashnikov culture, illegal drug trade, and other infinite law and order troubles. However, Pakistan had no better option except to take part in the Afghan war.","PeriodicalId":154113,"journal":{"name":"Global International Relations Review","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114305808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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