CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems最新文献

{"title":"Automated visual discourse synthesis: coherence, versatility, and interactivity","authors":"Michelle X. Zhou","doi":"10.1145/286498.286537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286537","url":null,"abstract":"In this proposal, we present comprehensive and systematic approaches of building systems that can automatically generate coherent visual discourse for interactive envirornments. A visual discourse refers to a series of connected visual displays. A coherent visual discourse requires smooth transitions between displays, consistent designs within and among displays, and effective integration of various components. Our research focuses in part on establishing a general framework by abstracting various generation systems and providing a reference model in which a specific system is considered an instantiation of the framework. In other words, any automated graphics generation system must contain a knowledge base, an inference engine, a visual realizer and an interaction handler. As a consequence, not only can a general framework serve as a template from which a specific generation system can be instantiated, but the framework also can be used as a base for comparing or evaluating different systems. We concentrate on the basic issues involved in establishing these four core components. In particular, we identify various knowledge sources and determine effective knowledge representation paradigms in constructing the knowledge base. We emphasize the efficiency, usability, and flexibility issues in modeling the inference engine. We are concerned with portability and parallelization issues in building the visual realizer, and we also take into account interaction capabilities for interactive environments. To demonstrate the generality and comprehensiveness of the framework, we address its application to the design of coherent visual discourse for heterogeneous information in interactive environments. Within such discussions, heterogeneous information refers to both quantitative and qualitative, or static and dynamic information. In addition, we assume that the system aims to support a wide variety of visual techniques, ranging from individual 2D displays to interactive 3D animation sequences. We describe a system called IMPROVISE (Illustrative Metaphor Production in Reactive Object-oriented VISual Environments) that serves as a proof-of-concept prototype. IMPROVISE is built based on our framework, aiming to automatically generate coherent visual discourse for various application domains in interactive environments. IMPROVISE has been used in two testbed application domains to demonstrate its generality and flexibility. Examples from both domains will be given to illustrate IMPROVISE’s generation process and to identify the future research areas.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"408 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126538672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polynesian navigation: locomotion and previewing aspects","authors":"K. Wittenburg, Wissam Ali-Ahmad, D. LaLiberte, T. Lanning","doi":"10.1145/286498.286789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286789","url":null,"abstract":"In investigations of navigation for information spaces we have been inspired by the navigational methods of seagoing peoples of Polynesia and Micronesia (Hutchins 1983). From them we borrow a notion of locomotion in which the traveller remains stationary and the terrain moves relative to the traveller. We discuss two prototypes for navigation tools in Web information spaces in which images are used the primary means for presenting Metainformation about locale (web pages), movement is modelled as a flowstream of information coming to the user, and orientation is visualised through positions in ordered sequences. The goal is to increase navigability by allowing the user to quickly preview many possible moves before the next step is taken.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130553337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All talk and all action: strategies for managing voicemail messages","authors":"S. Whittaker, Julia Hirschberg, C. H. Nakatani","doi":"10.1145/286498.286732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286732","url":null,"abstract":"Voicemail is a pervasive technology, but we know little about how users manage voice messages in executing everyday work. We analyze server logs, user surveys and interviews to identify three problems users experience in managing their voicemail: scanning, information extraction and search. We also isolate three distinct voicemail processing strategies, and discuss the relative merits of each strategy. We make recommendations about how voicemail might be redesigned to better address these problems and support these strategies.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130150800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural effects in usability assessment","authors":"A. Yeo","doi":"10.1145/286498.286536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286536","url":null,"abstract":"A study is being conducted to identify factors that may affect results of usability evaluation techniques. Preliminary results based on eight subjects are described and then implications of the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121339980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyped-media to hyper-media: toward theoretical foundations of design, use and evaluation","authors":"N. Narayanan","doi":"10.1145/286498.286687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286687","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of cheap and powerful multimedia computers and hypermedia authoring tools, more and more information that was traditionally disseminated in the printed form are being made available in the hypermedia format. The rate of creation of hypermedia information, both on the World Wide Web and as CD-ROMs, has far out paced developments in the theory of how to design such systems to best facilitate users’ comprehension of, and navigation within, the information being presented. Despite (or perhaps, because of) the commercial success of these systems, their design has largely been guided by common sense and intuitions rather than theory. This situation of practice in the marketplace far out pacing the development of theoretical foundations can potentially lead to a situation where the “hype” surrounding hypermedia wears off in the light of effectiveness, usability and other kinds of problems uncovered from the massive proliferation and use of such systems in all walks of life. The increasing use of hypermedia in critical applications such as education and health care point to an urgent need for consolidating basic scientific research and developing theoretical foundations for the design, use and evaluation of such systems.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125983163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information visualization advanced interface and Web design","authors":"B. Shneiderman, C. Plaisant","doi":"10.1145/286498.286625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286625","url":null,"abstract":"The future of user interfaces is in the direction of larger, higher resolution screens, that present perceptually-rich and information-abundant displays. With such designs, the worrisome flood of information can be turned into a productive river of knowledge. Our experience during the past five years has been that visual query formulation and visual display of results can be combined with the successful strategies of direct manipulation. Human perceptual skills are are quite remarkable and largely underutilized in current information and computing systems. Based on this insight, we developed dynamic queries, starfield displays, treemaps, treebrowsers, and a variety of widgets to present, search, browse, filter, and compare rich information spaces.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121021289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying writing guidelines to Web pages","authors":"John Morkes, J. Nielsen","doi":"10.1145/286498.286792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286792","url":null,"abstract":"Web users generally prefer writing that is concise, easy to scan, and objective (rather than promotional) in style, research has shown. We incorporated these and other attributes into a redesign of Web content. Doing so required trade-offs and some hard decisions, but the results were positive. The rewritten website scored 159% higher than the original in measured usability. Compared with original-site users, users of the rewritten site reported higher subjective satisfaction and performed better in terms of task time, task errors, and memory. Implications for website writing and design are discussed.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127653168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wind and wave auditory icons for monitoring continuous processes","authors":"Stéphane Conversy","doi":"10.1145/286498.286817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286817","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the design and the use of two new auditory icons: the sounds of waves and wind. A synthesis algorithm is described to compute and control these sounds with high-level parameters in real-time. These auditory icons can be used effectively to monitor background activities, in particular when there is a need for continuous monitoring or when there is a need to prevent problems rather than to address them. They are a first step in the realization of controllable cohesive sound ecologies.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127433881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An empirical study of speech and gesture interaction: toward the definition of ergonomic design guidelines","authors":"Sandrine Robbe","doi":"10.1145/286498.286815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286815","url":null,"abstract":"We present two related empirical studies of the use of speech and gestures in simulated HCI environments. This research aims at providing designers of future multimodal interfaces for the general public with useful information on users’ expectations and requirements. Results demonstrate the usability of tractable artificial command languages composed of utterances from a restricted subset of natural language, a few pointing gestures, and multimodal combinations of both types of units.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127226751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information technology in the Czech secondary schools","authors":"Bozena Mannová","doi":"10.1145/286498.286517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/286498.286517","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the situation in use of computers in the secondary schools in the Czech Republic. The overview of historical development is given and the current state is discussed. There are formulated some questions, which have to be answered. Strategies for teachers in service education are described.","PeriodicalId":153619,"journal":{"name":"CHI 98 Conference Summary on Human Factors in Computing Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130477195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}