{"title":"Computing indicators of creativity","authors":"Kyu Han Koh","doi":"10.1145/2069618.2069694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2069618.2069694","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the most common measurement of creativity is based on tests of divergence. These creativity tests include divergent thinking, divergent feeling, etc. In most cases the evaluation criteria is a subjective appraisal by a trained \"rater\" to assess the amount of divergence from the \"norm\" a particular submitted solution has to a presented or discovered task. The larger the divergence from the standard, the more creative the solution is. Although the quality and quantity of the solutions to the task must be considered, divergence from the accepted \"norm\" is a significant indicator of creativity. Using the current model for showing creative divergence, a method for evaluating the divergence of programming solutions as compared to the standard tutorial solution, in order to indicate creativity should be in line with current creativity research. Instead of subjective \"rater evaluations\" a method of calculating numerical divergence from programming solutions was devised. This method was employed on three separate class conditions and yielded three separate divergence patterns, indicating that the divergence calculation appears to demonstrate, not only that creativity can be shown to exist in programming solutions, but that the calculation is sensitive enough to differentiate between different class learning conditions of the same teacher. So based on the idea that creativity can be shown through divergence in thinking and feeling, it stands to reason that creativity in programming could be revealed through a similar divergence to a standard norm through calculating the divergence to that norm. Consequently, this divergence calculation method shows promising indicators to inform the measurement of creativity within programming and possibly other scientific areas.","PeriodicalId":153383,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129717073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving usability of interactive graphics specification and implementation with picking views and inverse transformation","authors":"Stéphane Conversy","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2011.6070392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2011.6070392","url":null,"abstract":"Specifying and programming graphical interactions are difficult tasks, notably because designers have difficulties expressing the dynamics of the interaction. This paper shows how a specific architecture improves the usability of the specification and the implementation of graphical interaction. The architecture is based on the use of picking views and inverse transforms from the graphics to the data. With three examples of graphical interaction, I show how to specify and implement them with the architecture and how this improves programming usability. Moreover, I show that it enables implementing graphical interaction without a scene graph. This kind of code helps prevent errors due to cache consistency management.","PeriodicalId":153383,"journal":{"name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121903897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}