Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Efficient phosphate removal from water using MgAl layered double oxide: characterization, performance, and mechanism","authors":"Bo Yu,&nbsp;Xiaoling Wan,&nbsp;Jiao Zhang,&nbsp;Juan Pei,&nbsp;Mingxing Guo,&nbsp;Siwei Xiang","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phosphate contamination in water bodies poses a significant threat to both human health and aquatic ecosystems. In this study, an MgAl layered double oxide (MgAl-LDO) was synthesized via calcination of MgAl layered double hydroxide for efficient phosphate removal from water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MgAl-LDO exhibited an exceptional adsorption rate of 97% for phosphate and maintained an adsorption efficiency above 60% even after undergoing four regeneration cycles. The properties of MgAl-LDO were thoroughly analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and automated specific surface area. The adsorption mechanism of MgAl-LDO was investigated in conjunction with adsorption kinetics and isotherms, and was determined to be ion exchange.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results indicated that the primary adsorption mechanism of MgAl-LDO involves an ion-exchange process. This thesis provides potential value in the treatment of phosphate treatment with MgAl-LDO. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 10","pages":"2029-2038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primene® JMT/Versatic acid 10 mixture as ionic liquid extractant for separation process of cobalt(II)/nickel(II) from chloride and mixed chloride/sulfate media in kerosene/water system","authors":"Nadia Belhadj,&nbsp;Tayeb Benabdallah,&nbsp;Mohammed Hadj Youcef,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Coll,&nbsp;Agustin Fortuny,&nbsp;Ana Maria Sastre","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The recovery of valuable base metals from spent batteries and other secondary sources is gaining interest due to economic and environmental benefits. This study focuses on separating cobalt/nickel from a chloride and mixed chloride/sulfate medium. The ionic liquid [Primene® JMT/Versatic acid 10] in kerosene was used as the extracting agent. We optimized the separation conditions by studying the effects of various experimental parameters, including the concentrations of Primene® JMT amine, [JMT/Versatic acid 10] ionic liquid and added chloride ions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The introduction of an ideal concentration of 0.04 mol L⁻¹ chloride ions into an aqueous solution with 0.5 mol L⁻¹ sulfate ions results in the most effective separation of the metal mixture, using 10% (v/v) extractant and 18% (v/v) primary amine. The McCabe–Thiele diagram under these optimal conditions indicates that three stages are necessary to achieve a separation of the two metals with an efficiency of 98.4%, at an aqueous-to-organic ratio of 1/2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co(II) was preferentially extracted in comparison to Ni(II) within the studied systems, demonstrating a favorable separation factor. The findings suggested that the incorporation of chloride ions enhances the separation process noted in the literature, which initially required four extraction steps solely in a sulfate medium. The Primene® JMT/Versatic acid 10 extraction system offers a straightforward method and effective performance for the separation of Co(II) and Ni(II) in chloride and mixed sulfate/chloride media. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1948-1955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of protein hydrolysis on the emulsifying properties of collagen and its hydrolysates extracted from leather by-products","authors":"Megan Phee,&nbsp;Warren Bowden,&nbsp;Stephen Euston,&nbsp;Stephen Hems,&nbsp;Nik Willoughby,&nbsp;Kelly Stewart","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proteins are widely used as emulsifiers due to their amphiphilic nature. Collagen has been of particular interest due to both its distinctive triple helical structure and unique amino acid arrangement, which gives it strength and stability within the water (hydrophilic) and oil (hydrophobic) domains of the emulsion. Hydrolysing collagen reveals varying amino acid side residues and alters its interaction with water/oil interfaces. This study aimed to explore how the degree of hydrolysation influences the protein's ability to act as an emulsifier, focusing on hydrolysed collagen derived from leather industry by-products.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results revealed that the optimal degree of protein hydrolysis was dependent on both the environment and the length of stability required of the emulsion. In this work, the least hydrolysed collagen sample had the most versatile properties in both cool and hot conditions, however due to the larger molecular size of the protein it also had a lower stability when measured over an extended time. A more hydrolysed form of collagen formed a stable emulsion at cool temperatures, however the breakdown of the emulsion observed at 40 °C indicated the need for further protein purification. Further hydrolysing the collagen caused a breakdown of the liquid emulsions at 4 °C due to gel formation, however this form of collagen performed best when held at elevated temperatures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study concluded that the degree of hydrolysation of collagen could be manipulated to produce a tailored emulsifying agent dependent on the desired commercial end-use. © 2025 Scottish Leather Group and The Author(s). <i>Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology</i> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1885-1896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jctb.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A synergistic Aloe vera assisted green synthesis of silver and cobalt nanocomposite: practical utility in the synthesis of high-value chemicals","authors":"Jai Shri Kaur,&nbsp;Preeti Singh","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds has garnered significant attention due to their wide range of biological pharmaceutical activities. In recent years, nanocatalysis have emerged as a powerful tool to enhance the selectivity and efficiency of chemical reactions. This study presents a simple and eco-friendly approach to the synthesis of 2-oxopyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives utilizing <i>Aloe vera</i>-assisted silver cobalt nanocomposites. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by several physicochemical techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we report the synthesis of profoundly <i>N</i>-heterocyclic compounds within 4 h in good to moderate yields using an environmentally benign ethanol as a solvent. In comparison to the previous methodologies, the present study has several advantages, such as excellent catalytic performance, admirable green metrics like E factor (0.37%), process mass intensity (1.37%), reaction mass efficiency (72.73%) and carbon efficiency (92%), and the nanocatalyst was recycled up to six consecutive cycles without a major loss in its activity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The biogenic approach using plant extract has shown a promising and eco-friendly route for the synthesis of nanoparticles. The favorable catalytic activity, green chemistry metrics, and recyclability of <i>Aloe vera</i>-mediated silver cobalt nanocatalyst make the current protocol advantageous from an industrial as well as environmental perspective. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1973-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose using Na2SO4/NH4HSO4 as the catalyst in the continuous flow reactor","authors":"Huimin Li,&nbsp;Yucheng Lin,&nbsp;Liutao Hou,&nbsp;Yuli Wang,&nbsp;Huijuan Tian,&nbsp;Shiqiang Zhao,&nbsp;Chun Chang","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as an important biomass platform compound, can be transformed into biofuels and numerous high value-added chemicals, and occupies an extremely important position in biorefining. Herein, a novel catalytic system has been developed for the direct conversion of glucose to HMF using inexpensive Na₂SO₄/NH₄HSO₄ as the catalyst.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The maximum glucose conversion of 90.77% with 45.05% yield of HMF was obtained at 190 °C, catalyst Na₂SO₄/NH₄HSO₄ 80 wt%, water and methyl isobutyl ketone volume ratio 1/5, and residence time 20 min. A kinetics model was developed to predict the yield of HMF and glucose conversion, which was consistent with the experimental results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The continuous production of HMF from glucose can be efficiently performed with Na₂SO₄/NH₄HSO₄ with a mass ratio of 3/2 as the catalyst. This catalytic system for the continuous production of HMF has great practical significance and potential economic value for promoting the industrial production of HMF and its derivatives. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1930-1939"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel preparation method for Mg–Fe/Al layered hydroxides derived from municipal sludge and red mud to enhance phosphate removal from wastewater","authors":"Yuxin Liu,&nbsp;Huidong Li,&nbsp;Kai Cui,&nbsp;Peizu Liu,&nbsp;Jing Guo,&nbsp;Junming Yi,&nbsp;Dongsheng Feng,&nbsp;Ruihui Gong,&nbsp;Jiangzhe Fu","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phosphates are important nutrients for animals and plants, but excessive phosphate can lead to eutrophication of water bodies and damage the aquatic ecological environment. Red mud is a powdery aluminium industrial waste with various characteristics such as small particle size, strong alkalinity and high heavy metal content.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study synthesized a sludge-based biochar using municipal sludge and red mud as raw materials. The metal elements in the red mud were extracted by pyrometallurgy combined with hydrometallurgy as trivalent metal ion sources. A layered bimetallic hydroxide (LDH)-modified biochar material (Mg–Fe/Al LDH@biochar) was synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method. In order to solve the problem that powdered materials are unfavorable for recycling and transportation, a binder was synthesized by modifying poly(vinyl alcohol) with sodium silicate to bond powdered Mg–Fe/Al LDH@biochar into granules. The adsorption process conforms to the Freundlich isotherm adsorption model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. At 35 °C, the Freundlich fitted material has a maximum adsorption capacity of 35.49 mg g⁻¹ for phosphate. The main removal mechanisms of phosphate by the LDH-modified biochar composite material include electrostatic interactions, ligand exchange and pore diffusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We successfully synthesized granular LDH-modified biochar. This material exhibits good hardness, strong water resistance and high phosphate adsorption capacity, enabling effective phosphate removal from wastewater while simultaneously offering a new approach for red mud treatment. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1920-1929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable production of lactic acid from cheese whey using Co-cultures and enzymatic hydrolysis","authors":"Oscar Eduardo Rojas,&nbsp;Laura Viviana Cuervo,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Serrato","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cheese whey is produced in vast quantities by the dairy industry, leading to environmental challenges due to its high biochemical and chemical oxygen demand. Its composition, rich in lactose, proteins, and minerals, provides an opportunity for valorization through biotechnological processes. This study aims to enhance lactic acid production from cheese whey using co-cultures of <i>Lactobacillus helveticus</i> and <i>L. delbrueckii</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i>, exploring the effects of lactose concentration, nitrogen supplementation, and enzymatic hydrolysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher initial lactose concentrations improved lactic acid production, reaching 105 g L⁻¹ with 30 g L⁻¹ yeast extract. However, complete lactose hydrolysis reduced yields at elevated sugar concentrations, suggesting substrate inhibition, with up to 40 0 g·L⁻¹ lactic acid loss at 170 g L⁻¹ lactose. Yeast extract as a nitrogen source reduced fermentation time to 62.0 h, compared to 105 h with hydrolyzed protein. Co-cultivation enhanced fermentation efficiency, achieving a maximum yield of 0.370 g lactic acid g⁻¹ sugar under the tested conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating enzymatic hydrolysis with co-culture fermentation provides a viable strategy for sustainable lactic acid production from cheese whey. Although full lactose hydrolysis at high concentrations may negatively impact yields, optimizing nitrogen supplementation and co-culture selection significantly improves fermentation performance. These findings support the development of eco-friendly processes for whey valorization, aligning with circular economy principles in the dairy industry. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1940-1947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeration-enhanced leaching mechanism and kinetics for column bioleaching of copper sulfide ores","authors":"Mingqing Huang,&nbsp;Jia-wei Li,&nbsp;Ming Zhang,&nbsp;Zhao-lan Li","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial aeration plays a pivotal role in the bioleaching of sulfide ores by influencing microbial activity, oxygen supply, and mineral dissolution kinetics. However, the quantitative relationship between aeration rate and leaching efficiency for low-grade copper sulfide ores, particularly under column leaching conditions, remains insufficiently characterized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through systematic column leaching experiments conducted at 30–45 °C with aeration rates ranging from 0 to 150 L h⁻¹, we observed that the Cu recovery rate throughout bioleaching was not entirely positively correlated with the aeration rate. Column leaching performance at 95 L h⁻¹ aeration rate is comparable to that at 110–150 L h⁻¹ in the initial leaching phase. By the end of leaching, Cu recovery rate reaches 80.1% at 150 L h⁻¹ aeration rate, which is an increase of 11.4% from the 68.7% achieved without forced aeration. Analysis of the leaching mechanism indicates that artificial aeration (&gt;95 L h⁻¹) enhances the positive cycle among factors such as leaching microorganisms, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, while also improving the temperature and pore structure of the leaching system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide both fundamental insights and practical tools for industrial applications. The identified aeration threshold of 95 L h⁻¹ offers a cost-effective operational target, while the validated oxygen demand model serves as a predictive framework for scaling up bioleaching processes. This work advances the scientific understanding of aeration effects in bioleaching systems and enables more efficient design of industrial heap leaching operations through optimized oxygen management strategies. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1897-1908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dual nitrification on denitrification potential and process configuration at elevated temperatures – experimental appraisal and modeling","authors":"Didem Güven,&nbsp;Emine Çokgör,&nbsp;Seval Sözen,&nbsp;Derin Orhon","doi":"10.1002/jctb.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> BACKGROUND</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leachate has a rare asset of dissipating heat energy, triggering elevated temperatures in the reactor volume, due to its excessive organic matter (chemical oxygen demand – COD) content. This paper elaborated this asset to investigate its impact on the growth kinetics of the two microbial groups responsible for the sequential oxidation of ammonia to nitrate. It also performed a model evaluation of microbial kinetics to explore the merit of using nitrite for the sustainable leachate treatment via nitrogen removal and control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> RESULTS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Experimental evidence showed that the residual energy in leachate sustained a high temperature of 35 °C in the reactor volume under summer conditions. The functional relationship at this temperature between aerobic sludge age (<i>θ</i>_XA) and respective ammonia, nitrite and nitrate profiles indicated that it was possible to segregate oxidized nitrogen compounds where nitrite became the dominant fraction for <i>θ</i>_XA values between 4.0 and 5.0 days, and nitrate above 6.0 days, offering the possibility of using nitrite as an electron acceptor in denitrification. The highly biodegradable nature of COD ascertained by COD fractionation experiments provided enough denitrification potential to remove all nitrite available within an unusually small anoxic volume of 10% of the total reactor volume.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> CONCLUSION</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Results, both experimental and modeling, enabled to propose and justify an innovative operational scheme based on nitrite recycling and for sustainable nitrogen removal with a total sludge age lower than 6.0 days. This sludge age level represents a borderline level of what is considered to be a high rate activated sludge process designed only for organic carbon removal. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 9","pages":"1909-1919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in corrosion inhibition: nanomaterials as sustainable solutions for protecting metals","authors":"O Swathy,&nbsp;S Shanmuga Priya,&nbsp;Meghana K Navada,&nbsp;Lavanya Mulky","doi":"10.1002/jctb.7917","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jctb.7917","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Corrosion is a global concern that leads to significant structural damage and economic losses. Additionally, corrosion control is essential from intellectual, economic, ecological, and aesthetic perspectives. Among various corrosion control techniques, the use of inhibitors remains the most practical, cost-effective, and efficient method to protect metals from degradation. However, conventional inhibitors such as chromates and sulfates often contain toxic and environmentally hazardous substances, posing serious risks to both human health and ecosystems. In response to these concerns, the development of sustainable and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors has gained considerable interest. The increased surface area, distinct physicochemical characteristics, and improved protective capacities of nanomaterial-based inhibitors have made them attractive substitutes. Recent developments have concentrated on using green synthesis techniques to create ecologically friendly and efficient nanomaterials for corrosion control. This strategy supports sustainable development objectives while reducing the use of dangerous chemicals. Green-synthesized nanoparticles have been shown in numerous experiments to significantly decrease metal corrosion rates, particularly in hostile environments like acidic solutions. Thus, the combination of green chemistry and nanotechnology presents a promising avenue for creating corrosion inhibitors of the future that are both effective and environmentally friendly. Several nanoparticles, including carbon dots, carbon nanotube hybrid nanoparticles, carbon quantum dots, and nanocomposites, have gained attention for their superior corrosion-inhibiting capabilities. Nanoparticles strong interactions with metal surfaces lead to the creation of protective barriers. This review highlights the effectiveness and potential for sustainable corrosion control by examining the several nanomaterials as corrosion inhibitors for different metals and also deals with challenges and future aspects of nanomaterials as corrosion inhibitors. © 2025 The Author(s). <i>Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology</i> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).</p>","PeriodicalId":15335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology","volume":"100 10","pages":"2004-2018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jctb.7917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}