Journal of chemical neuroanatomy最新文献

{"title":"The detection methods currently available for protein aggregation in neurological diseases","authors":"Jing-Yi Li ,&nbsp;Cheng-Mei Zhou ,&nbsp;Rui-Lin Jin ,&nbsp;Jia-Hui Song ,&nbsp;Ke-Chao Yang ,&nbsp;Shu-Lei Li ,&nbsp;Bai-Hong Tan ,&nbsp;Yan-Chao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Protein aggregation is a pathological feature in various neurodegenerative diseases and is thought to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of neurological disorders. This pathological phenomenon has attracted increasing attention from researchers, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated yet. Researchers are increasingly interested in identifying chemicals or methods that can effectively detect protein aggregation or maintain protein stability to prevent aggregation formation. To date, several methods are available for detecting protein aggregates, including fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular detection methods. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of methods to observe protein aggregation <em>in situ</em> under a microscope. This article reviews the two main aspects of protein aggregation: the mechanisms and detection methods of protein aggregation. The aim is to provide clues for the development of new methods to study this pathological phenomenon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140604683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic action of vitamin D3 and A on motor activity regulation in mice model of extrapyramidal syndrome: Correlational insights into astrocyte regulation, cytokine modulation, and dopaminergic activity","authors":"Mujittapha U. Sirajo ,&nbsp;Yahya K. Maigari ,&nbsp;Abdulrashid Sunusi ,&nbsp;Adam N. Jibril ,&nbsp;Isa Usman Lawal ,&nbsp;Badamasi M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS) represent neurological side effects of antipsychotic medications, characterized by motor disturbances. While previous studies have indicated the neuroprotective effects of vitamin D and A against EPS, the underlying mechanisms of this protection remain unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-four adult mice were categorized into four groups: positive and negative control groups, one receiving a dopamine antagonist, and the other receiving both a dopamine antagonist and vitamins D and A. Sections of the corticobasal loop, specifically the motor cortex (M1) and basal nuclei (CPu), were prepared for Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and stained with Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) to visualize reactive astrocytes. ELISA assays for TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-13, and dopamine levels were performed on homogenized brain sections.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The EPS group exhibited a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in M1 and CPu. Treatment with dopamine agonists and vitamin D&amp;A resulted in significant reductions in IL-6 levels. Only the Vitamin D&amp;A group showed a significant decline in TNF-α. The EPS group recorded significant decreases in IL-4 and IL-13, with IL-13 significantly elevated in the dopamine agonist and Vitamin D&amp;A groups. IL-4 was notably increased in the Vitamin D&amp;A groups. Dopamine concentration significantly declined in the EPS group, with improvements observed in the groups treated with dopamine agonists, and vitamin D&amp;A. Reactive astrocytes were significantly expressed in the M1 and CPu of the EPS group but poorly expressed in other groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>EPS is linked to astrocyte activation, an upsurge in pro-inflammatory cytokines, a decline in anti-inflammatory cytokines, and dopamine in the corticobasal loop. Administration of vitamin D3 and A was found to suppres pro-inflammatory cytokines and repress anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with astrocyte activation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoradiographic labelling of metabotropic glutamate type 2/3 receptors in the hemi-parkinsonian rat brain","authors":"Esther Kim ,&nbsp;Imane Frouni ,&nbsp;Judy Shaqfah ,&nbsp;Dominique Bédard ,&nbsp;Philippe Huot","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is the treatment of choice for Parkinson’s disease (PD) motor symptoms, but its chronic use is hindered by complications such as dyskinesia. Pre-clinical studies discovered that activation of metabotropic glutamate type 2 and 3 (mGlu_2/3) receptors alleviates L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. To gain mechanistic insight into the anti-dyskinetic activity of mGlu_2/3 activation, we performed autoradiographic binding with [³H]-LY-341,495 in brain sections from L-DOPA-treated 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats that developed mild or severe dyskinesia, as well as L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned and sham-lesioned animals. In the ipsilateral hemisphere, mildly dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats showed a decrease in [³H]-LY-341,495 binding in the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN, 30 % vs sham-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05), globus pallidus (GP, 28 % vs sham-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05; 23 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), and primary motor cortex (49 % vs sham-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05; 45 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001). Severely dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats exhibited an increase in binding in the primary motor cortex (43 % vs mildly dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). In the contralateral hemisphere, mildly dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats harboured a decrease in binding in the EPN (30 % vs sham-lesioned rats; 24 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, both <em>P</em>&lt;0.05), GP (34 % vs sham-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.05; 23 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), and primary motor cortex (50 % vs sham-lesioned rats; 44 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, both <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Severely dyskinetic 6-OHDA-lesioned rats presented a decrease in binding in the GP (30 % vs sham-lesioned rats; 19 % vs L-DOPA-untreated 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, both <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Abnormal involuntary movements scores of 6-OHDA-lesioned animals were positively correlated with [³H]-LY-341,495 binding in the ipsilateral striatum, ipsilateral EPN, ipsilateral primary motor cortex and contralateral primary motor cortex (all <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). These results suggest that alterations in mGlu_2/3 receptor levels may be part of an endogenous compensatory mechanism to alleviate dyskinesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891061824000358/pdfft?md5=ec2ef69433d73816b2c7b2d6f385eb7d&pid=1-s2.0-S0891061824000358-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of human cord blood-derived extracellular vesicles by improved neuromuscular function and reduced gliosis in a rat model of Huntington's disease","authors":"Reza Bahar ,&nbsp;Shahram Darabi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Norouzian ,&nbsp;Susan Roustaei ,&nbsp;Shayesteh Torkamani-dordshaikh ,&nbsp;Maral Hasanzadeh ,&nbsp;Kimia Vakili ,&nbsp;Mobina Fathi ,&nbsp;Fariba Khodagholi ,&nbsp;Neda Kaveh ,&nbsp;Shima Jahanbaz ,&nbsp;Meysam Hassani Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh ,&nbsp;Abbas Aliaghaei","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary condition characterized by the gradual deterioration of nerve cells in the striatum. Recent scientific investigations have revealed the promising potential of Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a therapy to mitigate inflammation and enhance motor function. This study aimed to examine the impact of administering EVs derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) on the motor abilities and inflammation levels in a rat model of HD. After ultracentrifugation to prepare EVs from HUCB to determine the nature of the obtained contents, the expression of CD markers 81 and 9, the average size and also the morphology of its particles were investigated by DLS and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then, in order to induce the HD model, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) neurotoxin was injected intraperitoneal into the rats, after treatment by HUCB-EVs, rotarod, electromyogram (EMG) and the open field tests were performed on the rats. Finally, after rat sacrifice and the striatum was removed, Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&amp;E), stereology, immunohistochemistry, antioxidant tests, and western blot were performed. Our results showed that the contents of the HUCB-EVs express the CD9 and CD81 markers and have spherical shapes. In addition, the injection of HUCB-EVs improved motor and neuromuscular function, reduced gliosis, increased antioxidant activity and inflammatory factor, and partially prevented the decrease of neurons. The findings generally show that HUCB-EVs have neuroprotective effects and reduce neuroinflammation from the toxic effects of 3-NP, which can be beneficial for the recovery of HD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of spinal correction surgery on the tractography data of the pain pathway in scoliosis patients: a preliminary report","authors":"Ahmet Payas ,&nbsp;Emre Bal ,&nbsp;Duygu Ekinci ,&nbsp;Sabri Batın","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Cross-sectional study.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Pain in individuals with opered scoliosis is usually evaluated with a postural analysis or questionnaire. In this study, we evaluated pain in individuals with scoliosis who underwent spinal correction surgery by tractography and compared it with individuals with non-opered scoliosis and healthy individuals.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Fifteen healthy individuals, 15 non-operated scoliosis patients and 15 operated scoliosis patients were included in the study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>All female participants in this prospectively planned study used their right hand as the dominant hand. Bilateral tractography analysis of the pain pathways was performed with DSI Studio software using brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the participants. Statistical analysis of the study was performed with IBM SPSS 23.0 and p&lt;0.05 values were considered significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>It was observed that the tractography values of the operated scoliosis group were similar to the control group (p˃0.05). In the non-operated scoliosis group, tractography findings related to nerve conduction velocity such as fiber count, fiber ratio and axial diffusivity (AD) were found to be higher than the other two groups (p&lt;0.05). Fractional anisotropy (FA) values of the unoperated scoliosis group were significantly different between the pain pathways projected from the right/left side of the body (p&lt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The fact that the pain path tractography values of patients with scoliosis who underwent surgery were similar to those of healthy individuals may be evidence of decreased pain sensation reaching the brain. Surgery may be a good choice in the treatment of pain in patients with scoliosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140862619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockdown of IRF8 alleviates neuroinflammation through regulating microglial activation in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Lili Ma ,&nbsp;Na Mi ,&nbsp;Zhi Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Bao ,&nbsp;Jing Fang ,&nbsp;Yajing Ren ,&nbsp;Xiuzhi Xu ,&nbsp;Hongjia Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neuroinflammation associated with microglial activation plays a role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). The upregulation of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in microglia following peripheral nerve injury has been observed to induce microglial activation. This suggests the potential therapeutic significance of IRF8 in PD. This research aims to explore the effects of IRF8 on the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mouse model and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation, along with its underlying mechanisms. The study examines the differential expression of IRF8 and its effects on neuropathological changes using a PD mouse model and a PD model established from BV2 cells <em>in vitro</em>. IRF8 was found to be prominently expressed in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of PD mice and LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, while the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine (DA) content in the SNpc region of PD mice was notably reduced. MPTP treatment and LPS stimulation intensified microglial activation, inflammation, and activation of the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, respectively. Upon IRF8 silencing in the PD mouse and cell models, the knockdown of IRF8 ameliorated MPTP-induced behavioral deficits, increased the counts of TH and Nissl-positive neurons and DA content, reduced the number of Iba-1-positive microglia, and reduced the content of inflammatory factors, possibly by inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Similar outcomes were observed in the PD cell model. In conclusion, the suppression of IRF8 alleviates neuroinflammation through regulating microglial activation in PD models <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> by the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140857439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of myricetin and morin on neurological damage in Aβ1–42/Al3+ -induced Alzheimer’s disease model of rats","authors":"Linli Guo ,&nbsp;Yanan Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhengqiao Kong ,&nbsp;Ruihua Liu ,&nbsp;Ping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disorder with unclear pathogenesis. Single-target drugs have very limited efficacy in treating AD, but synthetic multi-target drugs have poor efficacy and safety. Therefore, finding suitable natural multi-target drugs against AD is of great interest for research studies. We chose two flavonols, myricetin and morin, for the relevant study. In this study, we used microinjection of Aβ_1–42 oligomers into the CA1 region of rat hippocampus, combined with gavage of Aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl₃·6H₂O) solution to establish AD rat models, and myricetin and morin were selected as intervening drugs to explore the protective effects against neurological impairment. Experimental results showed that myricetin or morin could reduce the production of Aβ, Tubulin-associated unit (Tau), and Phosphorylated tubulin-associated unit (p-Tau), down-regulate the expression of relevant inflammatory factors, reduce hippocampal cell apoptosis in rats. There was a significant increase in the activity of adenosine triphosphatase, catalase, total superoxide dismutase, and the content of glutathione in the brain tissue. However, the content of malondialdehyde, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and the activity of acetylcholinesterase were decreased in the brain tissue. These two flavonols can regulate the imbalance of monoamine and amino acid neurotransmitter levels. In conclusion, Myricetin or morin can effectively improve learning and memory dysfunction in AD rats induced by Aβ_1–42/Al³⁺ through anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptotic features.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139996381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celebrating 37 years of dedication: Reflections on the past and looking toward the future","authors":"Goran Šimić ,&nbsp;Gail M. Rodney","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102394","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891061824000073/pdfft?md5=c6f295d27ab40f5218d996a246fdcbd4&pid=1-s2.0-S0891061824000073-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139523282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrasynaptic distribution of NMDA receptors in cochlear inner hair cell afferent signaling complex","authors":"Juan Hong ,&nbsp;Peidong Dai ,&nbsp;Huazheng Liang ,&nbsp;Guangbin Sun ,&nbsp;Weidong Qi ,&nbsp;Yong Bi","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The distribution and role of NMDA receptors is unclear in the afferent signaling complex of the cochlea. The present study aimed to examine the distribution of NMDA receptors in cochlear afferent signaling complex of the adult mouse, and their relationship with ribbon synapses of inner hair cells (IHCs) and GABAergic efferent terminals of the lateral olivocochlear (LOC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Immunofluorescence staining in combination with confocal microscopy was used to investigate the distribution of glutamatergic NMDA and AMPA receptors in afferent terminals of SGNs, and their relationship with ribbon synapses of IHCs and GABAergic efferent terminals of LOC.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Terminals with AMPA receptors along with Ribbons of IHC formed afferent synapses in the basal pole of IHCs, and those with NMDA receptors were mainly distributed longitudinally in the IHCs nuclei region. Significant difference was found in the distribution of NMDA and AMPA receptors in IHC afferent signaling complex (P&lt;0.05). Some GABAergic terminals colocalized with NMDA receptors at the IHC nucleus region (P&gt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There is significant difference in the distribution of NMDA and AMPA receptors in cochlear afferent signaling complex. NMDA receptors are present in the extra-synaptic region of ribbon synapses of IHCs, and they are related to GABA efferent terminals of the afferent signaling complex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140356764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neuroprotective effects of baobab and black seed on the rat hippocampus exposed to a 900-MHz electromagnetic field","authors":"Hamza Mohamed ,&nbsp;Omur Gulsum Deniz ,&nbsp;Suleyman Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the potential effects on the hippocampus of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) disseminated by mobile phones and the roles of baobab (<em>Adansonia digitata</em>) (AD) and black seed (<em>Nigella sativa</em>) (BS) in mitigating these. Fifty-six male, 12-week-old <em>Wistar albino</em> rats were divided into eight groups of seven animals each. No EMF exposure was applied to the control, AD or BS groups, while the rats in the Sham group were placed in an EMF system with no exposure. A 900-MHz EMF was applied to the EMF+AD, EMF+BS, EMF+AD+BS and EMF groups for 1 hour a day for 28 days. Pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus were subsequently counted using the optical fractionator technique, one of the unbiased stereological methods. Tissue sections were also evaluated histopathologically under light and electron microscopy. The activities of the enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also determined in blood serum samples. Analysis of the stereological data revealed no statistically significant differences between the EMF and control or sham groups in terms of pyramidal neuron numbers (p&gt;0.05). However, stereological examination revealed a crucial difference in the entire hippocampus between the control group and the AD (p&lt;0.01) and BS (p&lt;0.05) groups. Moreover, exposure to 900-MHz EMF produced adverse changes in the structures of neurons at histopathological analysis. Qualitative examinations suggest that a combination of herbal products such as AD and BS exerts a protective effect against such EMF side-effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15324,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical neuroanatomy","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}