Journal of Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Late Quaternary Climate-Driven Shifts in Arctic Plant Distributions","authors":"Paul T. Markley,&nbsp;Barnabas H. Daru","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glaciation events shaped the present distribution of many plants and their biodiversity in the northern hemisphere. Glacial expansion forced many species south and came with much colder global temperatures, while glacial recession brought warmer temperatures and newly colonisable land without competition. However, the changes in plant diversity associated with glacial retreat and the ensuing climatic changes are not well understood. In this study, we quantify Late Quaternary climate-driven changes in Arctic plant diversity by integrating climatic shifts in species distributions since the last glacial maximum (20–16 kya) and mid-Holocene (5 kya) across the circumpolar arctic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The geographic arctic, 66° N.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vascular plants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We built species distribution models using phyloregion v.1.0.9 in R using occurrence data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and bioclimatic variables from Worldclim v2.1 for the present-day and v.1.4 for both the mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results and Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found limited evidence for decreases in weighted endemism and species richness, along with north and south species range changes contrary to expectations of increased alpha diversity since the last glacial maximum. Decreases in species alpha diversity, while already quite low in the arctic, may be reflective of an increasingly variable arctic climate that disfavors plants with a slow dispersal ability. This is especially important given the projected increase in global temperature across many shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios and can be contrasted with our results of the Mid-Holocene, which was about one degree warmer than it is today. The arctic is presently warming at about two to five times the rate of the mid-latitudes and equator and understanding how plants have responded in the past will help inform on how they may change in the future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barcoding-Inferred Biodiversity of Shallow-Water Indo-Pacific Demosponges","authors":"Dirk Erpenbeck,&nbsp;Adrian Galitz,&nbsp;Michael L. Berumen,&nbsp;Gabriele Büttner,&nbsp;Cécile Debitus,&nbsp;Moritz Dirnberger,&nbsp;Merrick Ekins,&nbsp;Kathryn Hall,&nbsp;Leonard Namuth,&nbsp;Sylvain Petek,&nbsp;Neda Rahnamae,&nbsp;Maggie M. Reddy,&nbsp;Daniela Rettenberger,&nbsp;Stefanie R. Ries,&nbsp;Simone Schätzle,&nbsp;Christine H. L. Schönberg,&nbsp;Edwin Setiawan,&nbsp;Joëlle van der Sprong,&nbsp;Olivier P. Thomas,&nbsp;Vani Tirumalasetty,&nbsp;Nicole J. de Voogd,&nbsp;Oliver Voigt,&nbsp;John N. A. Hooper,&nbsp;Gert Wörheide","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Indo-Pacific is the world's largest marine biogeographic region. It is characterised by different degrees of connectivity among its subregions and harbours the majority of demosponge species currently known to science. Comparisons between regional sponge faunas have been undertaken in the past, mostly based on morphological species identification. The Sponge Barcoding Project, in tandem with regional DNA taxonomy campaigns, provides one of the largest DNA-based taxonomic data collections from sponges of the Indo-Pacific. Here, we utilise the barcoding data in the most extensive molecular biodiversity study of sponges to date, which reveals patterns of shallow-water demosponge faunal connectivity, endemism and distribution in the Indo-Pacific with a level of resolution unavailable in prior morphology-based studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Demosponge specimens in this study cover 13 marine provinces (MPs) of the Indo-Pacific.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We classified demosponge barcodes from 1910 sponge samples into 701 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) using 28S rRNA. MOTU composition of the MPs was compared based on Jaccard and Sørenson dissimilarities and other biodiversity indices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data corroborated high endemism in MPs (up to 84.1% endemic MOTUs). Faunal overlaps are between the Red Sea and the Gulf, which displayed small connectivity with other MPs in the Western Indian Ocean. The Western Indian Ocean is a strong faunistic boundary to the Central Indo-Pacific, to which the Polynesian sponge faunas were comparatively isolated as well.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data corroborate case studies on sponges that generally reject the presence of cosmopolitan or otherwise widespread sponge species, instead revealing high levels of regional endemism. This is consistent with similar observations and hypotheses in other marine invertebrates, and highlights the need for close regional monitoring to identify biodiversity changes. Connectivity among Indo-Pacific MPs differs for demosponges in many aspects from that of other marine taxa, hypothetically due to their shorter pelagic larval phase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barcoding-Inferred Biodiversity of Shallow-Water Indo-Pacific Demosponges","authors":"Dirk Erpenbeck,&nbsp;Adrian Galitz,&nbsp;Michael L. Berumen,&nbsp;Gabriele Büttner,&nbsp;Cécile Debitus,&nbsp;Moritz Dirnberger,&nbsp;Merrick Ekins,&nbsp;Kathryn Hall,&nbsp;Leonard Namuth,&nbsp;Sylvain Petek,&nbsp;Neda Rahnamae,&nbsp;Maggie M. Reddy,&nbsp;Daniela Rettenberger,&nbsp;Stefanie R. Ries,&nbsp;Simone Schätzle,&nbsp;Christine H. L. Schönberg,&nbsp;Edwin Setiawan,&nbsp;Joëlle van der Sprong,&nbsp;Olivier P. Thomas,&nbsp;Vani Tirumalasetty,&nbsp;Nicole J. de Voogd,&nbsp;Oliver Voigt,&nbsp;John N. A. Hooper,&nbsp;Gert Wörheide","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Indo-Pacific is the world's largest marine biogeographic region. It is characterised by different degrees of connectivity among its subregions and harbours the majority of demosponge species currently known to science. Comparisons between regional sponge faunas have been undertaken in the past, mostly based on morphological species identification. The Sponge Barcoding Project, in tandem with regional DNA taxonomy campaigns, provides one of the largest DNA-based taxonomic data collections from sponges of the Indo-Pacific. Here, we utilise the barcoding data in the most extensive molecular biodiversity study of sponges to date, which reveals patterns of shallow-water demosponge faunal connectivity, endemism and distribution in the Indo-Pacific with a level of resolution unavailable in prior morphology-based studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Demosponge specimens in this study cover 13 marine provinces (MPs) of the Indo-Pacific.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We classified demosponge barcodes from 1910 sponge samples into 701 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) using 28S rRNA. MOTU composition of the MPs was compared based on Jaccard and Sørenson dissimilarities and other biodiversity indices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data corroborated high endemism in MPs (up to 84.1% endemic MOTUs). Faunal overlaps are between the Red Sea and the Gulf, which displayed small connectivity with other MPs in the Western Indian Ocean. The Western Indian Ocean is a strong faunistic boundary to the Central Indo-Pacific, to which the Polynesian sponge faunas were comparatively isolated as well.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data corroborate case studies on sponges that generally reject the presence of cosmopolitan or otherwise widespread sponge species, instead revealing high levels of regional endemism. This is consistent with similar observations and hypotheses in other marine invertebrates, and highlights the need for close regional monitoring to identify biodiversity changes. Connectivity among Indo-Pacific MPs differs for demosponges in many aspects from that of other marine taxa, hypothetically due to their shorter pelagic larval phase.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperate Origins Shape Global Patterns of Liverwort Phylogenetic Structure","authors":"Hong Qian,&nbsp;Michael Kessler,&nbsp;Shenhua Qian,&nbsp;Daniela Mellado-Mansilla","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70197","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The current distribution of biodiversity is profoundly shaped by evolutionary history. A prevalent pattern of tropical niche conservatism—most lineages originated in warm and humid tropical climates and have conserved those ancestral traits, making their species difficult to adapt to colder and drier temperate climates—has been identified across many major animal and plant groups, offering explanations for global patterns of species richness and phylogenetic structure (including phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic dispersion). In contrast, based on regional studies, liverworts have been suggested to exhibit a pattern of temperate niche conservatism, but this hypothesis has not been tested globally. Here, we perform a comprehensive global analysis to test this hypothesis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Liverworts.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;For liverworts in 390 operational geographic units across the world, phylogenetic diversity was measured as mean pairwise distance and phylogenetic dispersion was measured as the standardised effect size of mean pairwise distance. They were related to six variables representing current climatic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We reveal that liverwort phylogenetic diversity is highest in temperate regions with mean annual temperatures approximately ranging from 10°C to 20°C, which holds true across continents and hemispheres. An ancestral state reconstruction recovered a cool ancestral temperature niche for liverworts, estimated at around 13°C. Moreover, while annual precipitation is associated with liverwort phylogenetic diversity more strongly than mean annual temperature, when climatic variables reflecting average, extreme, and seasonality are simultaneously considered, temperature-related variables emerged as a more significant predictor of liverwort phylogenetic diversity than precipitation-related variables. Our findings support that liverworts, and by extension to bryophytes, originated under cool and humid climatic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We propose that the divergence between bryophytes and tracheophytes was driven by adaptations to distinct climatic environments—tropical for tracheophytes and temperate for bryophytes. The simplified morphology and poikilohydric physiology of bryophytes likely evolved as adaptations to cooler, wetter condi","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperate Origins Shape Global Patterns of Liverwort Phylogenetic Structure","authors":"Hong Qian,&nbsp;Michael Kessler,&nbsp;Shenhua Qian,&nbsp;Daniela Mellado-Mansilla","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70197","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The current distribution of biodiversity is profoundly shaped by evolutionary history. A prevalent pattern of tropical niche conservatism—most lineages originated in warm and humid tropical climates and have conserved those ancestral traits, making their species difficult to adapt to colder and drier temperate climates—has been identified across many major animal and plant groups, offering explanations for global patterns of species richness and phylogenetic structure (including phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic dispersion). In contrast, based on regional studies, liverworts have been suggested to exhibit a pattern of temperate niche conservatism, but this hypothesis has not been tested globally. Here, we perform a comprehensive global analysis to test this hypothesis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Liverworts.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;For liverworts in 390 operational geographic units across the world, phylogenetic diversity was measured as mean pairwise distance and phylogenetic dispersion was measured as the standardised effect size of mean pairwise distance. They were related to six variables representing current climatic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We reveal that liverwort phylogenetic diversity is highest in temperate regions with mean annual temperatures approximately ranging from 10°C to 20°C, which holds true across continents and hemispheres. An ancestral state reconstruction recovered a cool ancestral temperature niche for liverworts, estimated at around 13°C. Moreover, while annual precipitation is associated with liverwort phylogenetic diversity more strongly than mean annual temperature, when climatic variables reflecting average, extreme, and seasonality are simultaneously considered, temperature-related variables emerged as a more significant predictor of liverwort phylogenetic diversity than precipitation-related variables. Our findings support that liverworts, and by extension to bryophytes, originated under cool and humid climatic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We propose that the divergence between bryophytes and tracheophytes was driven by adaptations to distinct climatic environments—tropical for tracheophytes and temperate for bryophytes. The simplified morphology and poikilohydric physiology of bryophytes likely evolved as adaptations to cooler, wetter condi","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disturbance Legacy and Landscape-Scale Temperature Variability Are Associated With Lepidoptera Richness in Temperate Forests","authors":"Imran Khaliq,&nbsp;Johannes Kamp","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forests across Central Europe are undergoing rapid changes driven by disturbance and climate variability, with uncertain consequences for insect biodiversity. Lepidoptera, being sensitive to habitat structure and microclimatic conditions, are ideal model organisms to study these dynamics. We assessed how forest disturbances, temperature variability, and tree cover shape the species richness of butterflies, moths, and macro-moths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths, macro-moths).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined nationwide unstructured citizen science data with species distribution modelling and sampling-bias correction to estimate temporal species richness. Mixed-effects models were used to relate species richness to forest disturbance, thermal variability and tree cover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Butterfly richness remained relatively stable between 2015 and 2019, whereas moth richness initially increased before declining in later years. Young forest disturbances (&lt; 5 years) were positively associated with species-rich communities in both butterflies and moths, whereas richness declined with increasing time since forest disturbance. Temperature variability, measured as the standard deviation of summer daily mean temperatures, was positively related to moth richness but negatively related to butterfly richness, suggesting contrasting sensitivity related to diel activity patterns. Tree cover showed weakly positive associations with butterfly richness but negative associations with moth richness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disturbance and temperature variability jointly structure Lepidoptera communities. Young canopy gaps enhance habitat heterogeneity and resource availability, while moderate temperature variability may expand microclimatic niches for moths but impose stress on diurnal butterflies. Our nationwide analysis highlights the importance of conserving a fine-scale mosaic of successional forest stages and structural heterogeneity to sustain Lepidoptera biodiversity and promote resilient forests under accelerating climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disturbance Legacy and Landscape-Scale Temperature Variability Are Associated With Lepidoptera Richness in Temperate Forests","authors":"Imran Khaliq,&nbsp;Johannes Kamp","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forests across Central Europe are undergoing rapid changes driven by disturbance and climate variability, with uncertain consequences for insect biodiversity. Lepidoptera, being sensitive to habitat structure and microclimatic conditions, are ideal model organisms to study these dynamics. We assessed how forest disturbances, temperature variability, and tree cover shape the species richness of butterflies, moths, and macro-moths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths, macro-moths).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined nationwide unstructured citizen science data with species distribution modelling and sampling-bias correction to estimate temporal species richness. Mixed-effects models were used to relate species richness to forest disturbance, thermal variability and tree cover.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Butterfly richness remained relatively stable between 2015 and 2019, whereas moth richness initially increased before declining in later years. Young forest disturbances (&lt; 5 years) were positively associated with species-rich communities in both butterflies and moths, whereas richness declined with increasing time since forest disturbance. Temperature variability, measured as the standard deviation of summer daily mean temperatures, was positively related to moth richness but negatively related to butterfly richness, suggesting contrasting sensitivity related to diel activity patterns. Tree cover showed weakly positive associations with butterfly richness but negative associations with moth richness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disturbance and temperature variability jointly structure Lepidoptera communities. Young canopy gaps enhance habitat heterogeneity and resource availability, while moderate temperature variability may expand microclimatic niches for moths but impose stress on diurnal butterflies. Our nationwide analysis highlights the importance of conserving a fine-scale mosaic of successional forest stages and structural heterogeneity to sustain Lepidoptera biodiversity and promote resilient forests under accelerating climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Variation in the Diet of Red Knot (Calidris canutus) Chicks Reflects Local Prey Communities","authors":"Reinier Blok,&nbsp;Mikhail K. Zhemchuzhnikov,&nbsp;Tim Oortwijn,&nbsp;Jannik Hansen,&nbsp;James A. Johnson,&nbsp;Niels Martin Schmidt,&nbsp;Judith D. L. van Bleijswijk,&nbsp;Elena Zhemchuzhnikova,&nbsp;Thomas K. Lameris,&nbsp;Jeroen Reneerkens,&nbsp;Tom Versluijs,&nbsp;Zachary M. Pohlen,&nbsp;Jan A. van Gils","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe and compare the diets of an Arctic-breeding shorebird, the Red Knot (<i>Calidris canutus</i>), across three geographically distinct breeding sites. We aimed to document the dietary patterns and identify key prey groups that characterise each population's foraging ecology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Northwest Alaska (Nome), Northeast Greenland (Zackenberg) and North-Central Russia (Taimyr Peninsula).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Red Knot (Aves: <i>Calidris canutus</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterised chick diet by applying COI DNA metabarcoding to faecal samples and quantified local prey availability using standardised arthropod pitfall trap sampling at the three Arctic breeding sites. We described and compared the dietary composition, diversity, and relative abundance of major prey taxa among locations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found substantial geographical variation in the chick diet. Diptera was a major food source across all locations, but its constituent families and importance varied. In Taimyr, the diet was dominated by Tipulidae (crane flies), comprising nearly 50% of the relative read abundance (RRA). In contrast, chicks in Greenland consumed a diet dominated by Diptera (87.8%) that almost entirely lacked Tipulidae. The diet in Alaska was the most diverse, with balanced contributions from Diptera (28.5%), Coleoptera (22.3%), and Lepidoptera (23.2%), along with other invertebrate groups, including Agriolimacidae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diet of Red Knot chicks differed among the study sites and appeared to be shaped primarily by the local availability of arthropod prey. This foraging plasticity allows the species to breed successfully across a wide circumpolar range with a heterogeneous prey landscape. However, this distinct specialisation on local prey, particularly Tipulidae in Taimyr, may create a critical phenological vulnerability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Variation in the Diet of Red Knot (Calidris canutus) Chicks Reflects Local Prey Communities","authors":"Reinier Blok,&nbsp;Mikhail K. Zhemchuzhnikov,&nbsp;Tim Oortwijn,&nbsp;Jannik Hansen,&nbsp;James A. Johnson,&nbsp;Niels Martin Schmidt,&nbsp;Judith D. L. van Bleijswijk,&nbsp;Elena Zhemchuzhnikova,&nbsp;Thomas K. Lameris,&nbsp;Jeroen Reneerkens,&nbsp;Tom Versluijs,&nbsp;Zachary M. Pohlen,&nbsp;Jan A. van Gils","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe and compare the diets of an Arctic-breeding shorebird, the Red Knot (<i>Calidris canutus</i>), across three geographically distinct breeding sites. We aimed to document the dietary patterns and identify key prey groups that characterise each population's foraging ecology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Northwest Alaska (Nome), Northeast Greenland (Zackenberg) and North-Central Russia (Taimyr Peninsula).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Red Knot (Aves: <i>Calidris canutus</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterised chick diet by applying COI DNA metabarcoding to faecal samples and quantified local prey availability using standardised arthropod pitfall trap sampling at the three Arctic breeding sites. We described and compared the dietary composition, diversity, and relative abundance of major prey taxa among locations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found substantial geographical variation in the chick diet. Diptera was a major food source across all locations, but its constituent families and importance varied. In Taimyr, the diet was dominated by Tipulidae (crane flies), comprising nearly 50% of the relative read abundance (RRA). In contrast, chicks in Greenland consumed a diet dominated by Diptera (87.8%) that almost entirely lacked Tipulidae. The diet in Alaska was the most diverse, with balanced contributions from Diptera (28.5%), Coleoptera (22.3%), and Lepidoptera (23.2%), along with other invertebrate groups, including Agriolimacidae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diet of Red Knot chicks differed among the study sites and appeared to be shaped primarily by the local availability of arthropod prey. This foraging plasticity allows the species to breed successfully across a wide circumpolar range with a heterogeneous prey landscape. However, this distinct specialisation on local prey, particularly Tipulidae in Taimyr, may create a critical phenological vulnerability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Uncertainty From Past Range Shifts in Species Distribution Modelling","authors":"Ward Fonteyn,&nbsp;Josep M. Serra-Diaz,&nbsp;Bart Muys,&nbsp;Koenraad Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a rapidly changing climate, the assumption of a species-environment equilibrium is increasingly strained. Yet, this equilibrium remains a central assumption of species distribution modelling. Species distributions in disequilibrium with their environment may take different forms depending on past species distribution changes, but for most species, these past changes are unknown. Revealing this uncertainty is essential when constructing and interpreting species distribution models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Virtual species and bird species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We modelled distributions of virtual species exhibiting different past distribution changes based on simulated presences-absences records using six models that varied in how climate data were assigned to species records. The first set of models used a fixed climate period ending in either 1979, 2000, or 2020. An additional model matched the climate data with the year of observation for each species record. We further applied the fixed period 1979 model and the matched-climate model to six bird species to explore real-world implications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For the virtual species, the 1979 model best estimated those niche edges corresponding to range edges not tracking climate change, while the matched-climate model best estimated the edges that were tracking climate change. The union or intersection of both models encompasses or is encompassed by the niche of a species respectively, even when both models are applied to the bird species with an unknown niche.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A complementary approach using both the fixed-period climate model and the matched-climate model reveals the uncertainty in SDM predictions that arises from unknown past species distribution change. Engaging explicitly with this uncertainty can aid the interpretation of SDMs and the implied species niche. Our analysis also revealed that current common practice might lead to inaccurate niche estimates due to the indiscriminate use of standard historical climate periods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}