Journal of Biogeography最新文献

{"title":"Genomic Signatures of Ancient Vicariance in Host-Specific Fungal Endophytes Across the Soltis Line in the Pacific Northwest","authors":"Rodolfo Salas-Lizana, Laura Figueroa-Corona, Ryoko Oono","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15139","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Foliar fungal endophytes are a highly diverse component of most plants, both in terms of taxonomic composition and function. Investigating the biogeography of these microbial symbionts in well-studied regions complements our understanding of the patterns and processes already inferred for animals and plants. Here, we investigated how past glacial cycles may have been responsible for a north–south pattern observed in the population structure of two foliar fungal endophyte species of the same genus, with similar life-history traits sharing the same potential hosts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pacific Northwest, North America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Foliar fungal endophyte of pines: <i>Lophodermium fissuratum</i> and <i>L. nitens</i> (Rhytismatales, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used genotype-by-sequencing (ddRADSeq), complemented with nuclear ribosomal sequences, to analyse population structure. We also tested four demographic scenarios with a composite likelihood approach to find whether vicariance or recent dispersal better explains the north–south pattern and estimated demographic parameters for the best-fit models, including divergence time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The north–south population structure was more defined for <i>L. fissuratum</i> than for <i>L. nitens</i>, which showed signs of isolation-by-distance. The best-fit models revealed the northern and southern populations for both species diverged before the Last Glacial Maximum, although <i>L. fissuratum</i> populations diverged long before those of <i>L. nitens</i>. Recent secondary contact was found for <i>L. nitens</i> while <i>L. fissuratum</i> populations remain isolated today. Gene flow after divergence was asymmetrical, mostly from south to north for both species. We also detected signs of past population growth for both species, most likely after bottlenecks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patterns of genetic differentiation across a north–south partitioning in the Pacific Northwest in these distantly related fungal endophyte species are both compatible with a vicariance model. Although these fungal endophytes share many life-history traits and the same hosts, there are important differences in their demographic h","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergence of Two Diospyros Species Promoted by Geo-Climatic Processes Across Dry Valleys and Lowlands in Subtropical China","authors":"Yu-Juan Zhao,&nbsp;Hui-Hui Xi,&nbsp;Jiao Lin,&nbsp;Rui Yang,&nbsp;Gen-Shen Yin,&nbsp;Xun Gong","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15136","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploring the divergence and speciation processes is central to understanding the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. The dry valley mosaic in the Hengduan Mountains and its southern extension range is one of the special landscapes globally and harbours a high level of endemic plants of tropical margin nature. The dry valleys and lowlands-adapted plants constitute a unique system to explore how the geological and ecological effects have shaped the speciation processes here.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subtropical China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Diospyros dumetorum</i> and <i>Diospyros saxatilis.</i></p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We surveyed patterns of genetic variation from 33 populations spanning their distribution ranges using three chloroplast DNA fragments and eight nuclear microsatellite loci. Approximate Bayesian computation was conducted to compare population demographic models considering gene flow and to estimate key parameters. We used Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) to reconstruct changes in range distribution during glacial and interglacial periods and evaluate their niche differentiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plastid and nuclear data strongly support divergence between the two species occurring during the Pliocene/Pleistocene period followed by secondary contact in response to climatic oscillations. ENMs predicted drastic distribution range changes during the Quaternary and identified significant differences in climatic conditions at the set of locations occupied by these two species. Correlation analyses were conducted, and the results suggest that geographical isolation rather than environmental heterogeneity shapes the current population genetic structure within the two species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Phylogeographical patterns revealed in our results document that geographic vicariance associated with tectonic uplifts initiated allopatric species divergence between the two dry valleys and lowlands-adapted <i>Diospyros</i> species, and niche differentiation perhaps further accelerated the speciation processes with limited subsequent gene flow. Our findings could contribute to the knowledge of forces that drive speciation processes in the unique landscape of dry valleys, as well as the evolution of the flora in subtropical China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Microclimates on Species Richness of Epiphytic and Non-Epiphytic Bryophytes Along a Subtropical Elevational Gradient in China","authors":"Zun Dai,&nbsp;Hong-Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Hong Qian,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Rui-Ping Shi,&nbsp;Zhao-Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Hong-Qing Li,&nbsp;Jian Wang","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15134","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients have been well documented for vascular plants and terrestrial vertebrates, but we know relatively little about the elevational patterns of bryophytes and their underlying mechanisms, especially the effect of forest microclimate on epiphytic and non-epiphytic bryophytes. Here we study the influence of microclimates on the richness of epiphytic and non-epiphytic bryophytes as a whole, and for liverworts and mosses separately, in forests along an elevational gradient ranging from 369 to 1476 m in a subtropical region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mt. Tianmu in eastern China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sampled bryophytes in each of 16 vegetation plots, each of the size of 20 by 20 m, along the elevational gradient and distinguished between mosses and liverworts and between epiphytic and non-epiphytic species. We measured climate conditions at local sites. Species richness of bryophytes along the elevational gradient was related to six microclimate variables, using correlation and regression analyses and a variation partitioning approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, species richness of bryophytes showed a slightly decreasing trend with elevation, and epiphytic and non-epiphytic bryophyte richness showed different elevational patterns. Compared to non-epiphytic bryophytes, species richness of epiphytic bryophytes was more influenced by air microclimate. We also found that species richness of bryophytes was influenced by both microclimate extreme variables and microclimate seasonality variables. In sum, utilising in situ air and soil microclimatic monitoring data, our study offers a more accurate assessment of the relationship between bryophyte species richness and their habitats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results highlight the importance of considering the ecological differences between mosses and liverworts, and distinguishing between microhabitats of sampled bryophyte assemblages when exploring the patterns and drivers of bryophyte diversity along elevational gradients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape Evolution Drives Continental Diversification in Neotropical Freshwater Fishes of the Family Erythrinidae (Teleostei, Characiformes)","authors":"Cristhian C. Conde-Saldaña,&nbsp;Bruno F. Melo,&nbsp;Fábio F. Roxo,&nbsp;Victor A. Tagliacollo,&nbsp;Claudio Oliveira,&nbsp;James S. Albert","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15129","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Evolutionary diversification and diversity patterns in Neotropical freshwater fishes can be predicted, in part, by the effects of geomorphological settings and landscape evolution. However, studies at a continental scale, focusing on specific taxa that reflect the tight connection between their evolutionary history and orogenic uplifts on the tectonically active Western margin and watershed migration dynamics on the passive Eastern margin of South America remain limited. Here, we investigated biogeographical and chronological patterns of diversification in the geographically widespread teleost family Erythrinidae (Characiformes, Erythrinoidea).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Neotropical Region.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Erythrinidae (Characiformes).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used phylogenomic and parametric biogeographic methods. Our dataset based on ultraconserved elements (UCEs) included 29 erythrinoid lineages and 23 related taxa.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The time calibration along with ancestral area estimation proposes that superfamily Erythrinoidea originated in the Late Cretaceous &lt;i&gt;ca&lt;/i&gt;. 80 Ma, with divergence of major clades during the Palaeogene &lt;i&gt;ca&lt;/i&gt;. 51–31 Ma. Erythrinidae diversified rapidly after the formation of the transcontinental Amazon River &lt;i&gt;ca&lt;/i&gt;. 10 Ma, from 8 lineages to at least 28 putative species today. A majority of erythrinid species (78%) are members of just three relatively young clades less than 13 Ma: &lt;i&gt;Erythrinus&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Hoplerythrinus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Hoplias malabaricus&lt;/i&gt; species group. Results present contrasting temporal patterns of cladogenetic events on the two continental margins: a pulsed-age distribution of biogeographic events on the Western Margin as predicted by discrete tectonic uplifts of the Northern Andean cordilleras, and a more continuous age distribution on the Eastern Margin as predicted by westwards-propagating watershed migration.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Historical changes in landscape connectivity have influenced diversification in Erythrinidae, where Late Neogene uplifts of the Northern Andean cordilleras profoundly structured freshwater diversity gradients by fragmenting the aquatic faunas of cis- and trans-And","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Human Land-Use Change Throughout Southeast Asia Reshapes the Distribution of Suitable Habitat for a Human-Commensal Bird Species","authors":"Brenda R. Ramirez,&nbsp;Jamie M. Kass,&nbsp;Amanda J. Zellmer,&nbsp;Amanda K. Hund,&nbsp;Elizabeth S. C. Scordato","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human activity has reshaped ecological communities for thousands of years. While these activities have typically led to habitat loss, some species have successfully exploited human environments. However, the effects of long-term human land-use on the distributions of such species are poorly understood. Here, we investigated how land-use change over the last 12,000 years has altered habitat distributions for a widespread human-commensal bird, the Pacific swallow (<i>Hirundo tahitica</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southeast Asia, Melanesia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed habitat availability for Pacific swallows using citizen science-based occurrence records and species distribution models that included (a) only climate data, (b) only land-use data and (c) both variable sets combined. We evaluated approaches to address the unique spatial biases that arise in unstructured survey data of human-associated species and determined which models performed best with present-day occurrence records. We then hindcasted alternative models at 1000-year intervals over 12,000 years to evaluate the relative effects of climate and human land-use on long-term habitat availability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Models that included both climate and human land-use variables were the best fit to occurrence records. Standard methods for controlling for spatial bias performed poorly compared with fully sampling the environmental background, highlighting unique considerations for modelling human-associated species. Hindcasting showed that while climate-only models predicted little change in habitat availability over time, combined models showed habitat increases beginning more than 5000 years ago and significant expansions of habitat over the last 2000 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human land-use over the last several thousand years has likely provided Pacific swallows with substantial new habitat, which may have led to population size expansions. Incorporating long-term human land-use into species distribution models offers insights into when associations with human environments may have arisen and generates testable predictions for how populations respond and adapt to human land-use change over millennial timescales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Migration in the Change of Northern Hemisphere Vegetation for the Past 50,000 Years","authors":"Deborah Zani,&nbsp;Heike Lischke,&nbsp;Adrian Lister,&nbsp;Veiko Lehsten,&nbsp;Brian Huntley","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15131","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our primary aim was to assess how dispersal limitation affected forest changes in the Northern Hemisphere during the last glacial cycle, and especially after the last deglaciation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Northern Hemisphere (between 20°N and 80°N).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;50,000–0 years before present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Angiosperms and gymnosperms.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used the LPJ-GM 2.0 dynamic global vegetation model to simulate the vegetation dynamics of the Northern Hemisphere over the past 50,000 years. We compared two dispersal modes by allowing establishment as soon as suitable environmental conditions were realised (free dispersal), or by additionally constraining establishment based on potential migration speed and maturation time (dispersal limitation). For both dispersal modes, we inferred (mega-)biomes and calculated the fraction of forest cover, earliest post-glacial forest establishment, and the difference between dispersal modes (dispersal lag). To evaluate our results, we compared simulated tree cover with pollen-based reconstructions of European Holocene vegetation and of North American vegetation since the Last Glacial Maximum.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We simulated multi-millennial dispersal lags in post-glacial establishment of temperate forests in Europe, boreal forests in Central Siberia, and scattered forest areas close to mountain chains (Rocky Mountains and north of Himalaya). Overall, the simulation with limited dispersal had lower forest extents compared to the free-dispersal simulation, especially after the Last Glacial Maximum, with greater mismatches following intervals of rapid warming, notably the onsets of GI-1 and the Holocene. Comparisons with pollen reconstructions showed that the simulation with limited dispersal better captured both the expansion of European temperate trees and the distribution of broadleaved and needleleaved trees in North America during the early Holocene.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The lag in response of forests to rapid climate change has implications for past ecosystems and projections of futur","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Ancient Forests: Insights From the Mid-Pliocene to Predict Future Climate Impacts","authors":"Leandro Eusebio,&nbsp;Jan Douda","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15128","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The potential analogues in Earth's past may hold insight on how modern European forests will react to different levels of future warming. There is a lack of comparison between future warming and its most recent climate analogue 3.25 million years ago during the mid-Piacenzian warm period. We have attempted to fill this knowledge gap by modelling the zonation of woody plant communities during the mid-Pliocene and comparing it with their current distribution and predictions of their future distribution.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Europe.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;3.25–3 million years ago, 1970–2000, and 2081–2100.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxon&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;European tree species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In this study, we selected 15 European tree species from three main European forest ecosystems: Mediterranean, temperate and boreal species that had ancestors present in Europe during the mPWP. Then we applied an ensemble model using climatic data from the mPWP, modern and two future climate scenarios. In order to compare the models, we assessed the overlapped area as well as Dutilleul's modified t-test in order to assess the spatial similarities in forest communities distribution between the mPWP and future warming.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results showed that there is a clear northern trend in the northward shift of forest communities under all warming scenarios. Across all species, there is a clear drop in suitable area with the exception of Mediterranean species, where suitable area increased in all warm scenarios. When comparing the mPWP with future warming, there is evidence to support that RCP 4.5 will potentially exhibit similar conditions, while RCP 8.5 may result in highly novel habitats.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although mid-Pliocene conditions are more analogous to the RCP 4.5, it raises an urgent ecological concern for adaptive forest management. Increasing temperatures and uncertain precipitation patterns have the potential to aid the expansion of Mediterranean forest communities while fragmenting temperate and boreal forest communities throughout central Europe.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/se","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classic Hypotheses of Area, Time, and Climatic Stability Fall Short in Explaining High Tropical Species Richness","authors":"Sofía Galván,&nbsp;Sara Varela,&nbsp;Sara Gamboa","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15126","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tropical biodiversity overshadows the number of species inhabiting other regions. Age, area, and stability constitute three classical ideas used to explain the higher richness in these warm and humid zones. In this study, we measured the global dynamics of tropical, arid, temperate, cold, and polar climate zones over the last 5 million years (Ma). We aimed to evaluate whether the age, area, and stability of these climate zones contribute to explain the observed differences in species richness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global land.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Amphibians, birds, and mammals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We classified the paleoclimatic layers generated by the PALEO-PGEM climatic emulator—temperature and precipitation for the last 5 Ma at 1000-year intervals—into the main Köppen-Geiger climate zones: tropical, arid, temperate, cold, and polar. We then calculated three variables: age, area, and stability. Age represents the duration that each map cell has remained within its current climate zone since its last change (map cell-based measure). Area quantifies the total extent of each climate zone over time by summing all map cells corresponding to that climate zone (climate zone-based measure). Stability indicates the number of times a given map cell changed between climate zones over time (map cell-based measure). We implemented regression and correlation tests, Structural Equation Models, and decision trees to measure the relationship between these estimates and current global patterns of amphibian, bird, and mammal richness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that age, area, and stability do not account for the observed differences in species richness among the 5 climate zones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None of these classical hypotheses alone can explain the high vertebrate tropical richness observed. Further investigation, incorporating additional taxa (e.g. invertebrates or plants), or integrating new perspectives (such as the influence of local variations in diversification processes) will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors shaping large-scale biodiversity patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Soil Properties on Species Richness of Fossorial Squamate Reptiles","authors":"Donghe Chen,&nbsp;Uri Roll,&nbsp;Shai Meiri","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species richness varies greatly over geographic gradients. Climate and other above-ground attributes are the most common variables used to explain animal richness patterns. However, soil properties may play an important role in shaping the richness of species living underground. Studies have yet to comprehensively analyse fossorial squamates' richness patterns and how soil properties influence them. We investigated how different predictors, including soil properties and climate, influenced the species richness of fully-fossorial, semi-fossorial, and non-fossorial squamates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reptilia: Squamata.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We categorised squamates into fully-fossorial, semi-fossorial, and non-fossorial, and assessed species richness for each category independently. We selected potential soil and climatic factors that could influence their richness. Then we used ordinary least squares regression models with spatially lagged variables (OLSL) and geographically weighted regression models with spatially lagged variables (GWRL) to investigate the influence of soil properties and climate on the species richness of each group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fully-fossorial squamate richness peaks in Africa and South America. Semi-fossorial squamate richness is highest in South America and Australia. Non-fossorial squamates exhibit maximum species richness in South America and Southeast Asia. Species richness was more strongly associated with climate than soil properties in all groups. Nevertheless, as the levels of fossoriality increase, soil properties become more important correlates of species richness of squamates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study highlights the importance of incorporating soil factors alongside climate in the study of fossorial animal biogeography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More Insights into the Species Richness and Distribution of Eriophyoid Mites: A Reply to Li and Xue (2024)","authors":"Sebahat K. Ozman-Sullivan,&nbsp;Gregory T. Sullivan","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper is a response to Li and Xue (2024) regarding the global species richness and distribution of the eriophyoid mites, which are highly host-specific phytophages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of described plant species is approaching 400,000. This enormous level of plant diversity has played a fundamental role in the diversification of the eriophyoids. Ozman-Sullivan and Sullivan (2023) estimated there are at least 250,000 eriophyoid species, with most species highly likely to be in the largely neglected subtropical and tropical regions. Li and Xue (2024) argued that there could be far less than 250,000 eriophyoid species. We assert that this high number is realistic and possibly conservative. As an example, Ozman-Sullivan and Sullivan (2023) reported that just 11 well-studied plant species collectively host ~200 eriophyoid species. Habitat destruction and climate change represent increasingly dire threats to the existence of thousands of plant species and their dependent eriophyoid species across the world.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present more evidence to support our estimate of at least 250,000 eriophyoid species, including a substantial tropical majority. We also elaborate on potential research on this subject. The conservation of the invertebrates, including the likely enormous number of undescribed species, is critical to the maintenance of global ecological functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}