Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology最新文献

{"title":"Normal Saline Versus Hypertonic Saline for Airway STENT Maintenance: SALTY STENT Study.","authors":"Bertin D Salguero, Greta Joy, Christian M Lo Cascio, Abhinav Agrawal, Udit Chaddha","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000986","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucus plugging is a common complication of airway stenting. There is no data or guidance on the best airway hygiene regimen and consequently wide practice variation exists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, nonblinded, randomized, pilot study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nebulized 3% saline (3%S) versus normal saline (NS) in reducing the incidence of mucus plugging in adult patients that undergo central airway stent placement. Patients were enrolled immediately after stent placement and randomized to nebulized 3%S or NS (3 mL) 3 times a day. Patients were scheduled for surveillance bronchoscopy in 4 to 6 weeks. Unscheduled bronchoscopies due to symptomatic mucus plugging were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From December 2022 to March 2024, 37 patients were screened, and 35 were enrolled. Four in the 3%S and 8 in the NS group did not undergo a surveillance bronchoscopy and were excluded from the final analysis. During surveillance bronchoscopy for the 3%S (n=13) and NS (n=10) groups, obstructive mucus plugging was noted in 7.7% versus 40%, granulation requiring intervention in 7.7% versus 10%, and >25% circumferential biofilm in 0% versus 30%, respectively. In the 3%S versus NS groups, 0% versus 20% of patients required an unscheduled bronchoscopy due to mucus plugging. There were no side effects reported with the daily use of 3%S or NS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nebulized 3%S is safe and may be equally or more effective than NS in preventing obstructive mucus plugging in patients who undergo airway stenting. A larger blinded randomized controlled trial is necessary to confirm this finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remifentanil Target-controlled Infusion Versus Standard of Care for Conscious Sedation During Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration and Biopsy: A Randomized, Prospective, Control Study.","authors":"Simone Scarlata, Valentina Scaduto, Lucio Paglione, Giuseppe Pascarella, Alessandro Strumia, Federica Bruno, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi, Massimiliano Carassiti, Felice Eugenio Agrò, Fabio Costa","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000989","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a minimally invasive procedure that has become an important tool in the diagnosis and staging of mediastinal lymph node lesions in lung cancer. Adequate sedation is an important part of the procedure as it provides patient comfort and potentially increases diagnostic yield. The sedation modality varies among centers and includes moderate sedation/conscious sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia. The object of this study will be the evaluation of patient's comfort and level of satisfaction with the involved health care providers (bronchoscopist and anesthesiologist) of remifentanil administration in target-controlled infusion (TCI) for conscious sedation in patients undergoing EBUS‑TBNA, with a prospective randomized study design versus the of standard sedation protocol with midazolam and/or fentanest and/or propofol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was carried out at the \"Campus Biomedico di Roma\" University Hospital between September 2021 and November 2021, with a total number of 30 patients enrolled who met the eligibility criteria, randomly divided into 2 groups: group 1 \"REMIFENTANIL TCI\" (experimental group) where the patients performed the EBUS-TBNA procedure under conscious sedation with infusion of remifentanil TCI with a target between 3 ng/mL and 6 ng/mL and group 2 \"STANDARD\" (control group) with patients undergoing conscious sedation with the association of midazolam and/or fentanest and/or propofol in refracted boluses based on clinical needs. Complications, safety, and level of satisfaction of the operator, the anesthesiologist, and the patient were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that sedation with remifentanil in TCI can improve the comfort level of patients, reducing the risks associated with the procedure (lower frequency of oversedations and hypotension), allowing for greater intraprocedural safety. Furthermore, the level of satisfaction of the anesthesiologist and that of the operator appears to be significantly higher in the Remifentanil group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The execution of a mild to moderate sedation with Remifentanil in TCI in patients undergoing EBUS is safe, tolerated, and allows to obtain greater intraprocedural comfort. Further studies and larger and more representative samples are obviously needed to confirm and strengthen the validity of a remifentanil TCI-based sedation in endoscopic diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam-Fentanyl Combination in Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blinded Study.","authors":"Rahul Magazine, Vrinda Mariya Elenjickal, Ambika M Padukone, Anup Bhat, Bharti Chogtu","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000985","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dexmedetomidine has acceptable clinical utility for inducing sedation during flexible bronchoscopy. Reducing its dose may not only ameliorate its cardiovascular side effects, but also maintain its clinical usefulness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients between 18 and 65 years were randomized to either dexmedetomidine (0.75 µg/kg) or the midazolam-fentanyl group (0.035 mg/kg midazolam and 25 mcg fentanyl). The primary outcome measure was the composite score. Other parameters noted were: oxygen saturation, hemodynamic variables, Modified Ramsay Sedation Score, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain intensity and distress, Visual Analog Scale score for cough, rescue medication doses, ease of doing bronchoscopy, and patient response 24 hours after bronchoscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In each arm, 31 patients were enrolled. The composite score at the nasopharynx was in the ideal category in 26 patients in dexmedetomidine and 21 in the midazolam-fentanyl group (P=0.007). At the tracheal level, the corresponding values were 24 and 16 (P=0.056). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding the secondary outcome measures except hemodynamic parameters. The mean heart rate in the dexmedetomidine and midazolam-fentanyl groups, respectively, was as follows: at 10 minutes after start of FB (90.10±14.575, 104.35±18.48; P=0.001), at the end of FB (98.39±18.70, 105.94±17.45; P=0.016), and at 10 minutes after end of FB (89.84±12.02, 93.90±13.74; P=0.022). No patient developed bradycardia. Two patients (P=0.491) in the dexmedetomidine group developed hypotension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-dose dexmedetomidine (0.75 μg/kg single dose) appears to lead to a better composite score compared with the midazolam-fentanyl combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Sub-lobar Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction to Optimize Safety and Efficacy in a Case of High-risk Emphysema.","authors":"Aleezay Asghar, Victoria Forth, Majid Shafiq","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000977","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000977","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airway Stents for Excessive Central Airway Collapse: A Randomized Controlled Open-label Trial.","authors":"Chan Yeu Pu, Daniel Ospina-Delgado, Fayez Kheir, Camilo A Avendano, Mihir Parikh, Jason Beattie, Kai E Swenson, Jennifer Wilson, Sidharta P Gangadharan, Adnan Majid","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000980","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000980","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Short-term airway stent placement (stent evaluation) has been employed to evaluate whether patients with excessive central airway collapse (ECAC) will benefit from tracheobronchoplasty. Although retrospective studies have explored the impact of stent placement on ECAC, prospective randomized controlled trials are absent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a randomized open-label trial comparing patients receiving airway stent placement and standard medical treatment (intervention group) versus standard medical treatment alone (control group) for ECAC. At baseline, patients' respiratory symptoms, self-reported measures, and functional capabilities were assessed. Follow-up evaluations occurred 7 to 14 days postintervention, with an option for the control group to crossover to stent placement. Follow-up evaluations were repeated in the crossover patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study enrolled 17 patients in the control group [medical management (MM)] and 14 patients in the intervention group. At follow-up, 15 patients in the MM crossed over to the stent group, resulting in a total of 29 patients in the combined stent group (CSG). Subjectively (shortness of breath and cough), 45% of the CSG exhibited improvement with the intervention compared with just 12% in the MM. The modified St. George Respiratory Questionnaire score in the CSG improved significantly from 61.2 at baseline to 52.5 after stent placement (-8.7, P = 0.04). With intervention, the 6-minute walk test in CSG improved significantly from 364 meters to 398 meters (34 m, P < 0.01). The MM did not show a significant change in the St. George Respiratory Questionnaire score or 6-minute walk test distance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Short-term airway stent placement in patients with ECAC significantly improves respiratory symptoms, quality of life, and exercise capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shape-sensing Robotic-assisted Bronchoscopy (SS-RAB) in Sampling Peripheral Pulmonary Nodules: A Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Feasibility Study in China.","authors":"Fangfang Xie, Quncheng Zhang, Chuanyong Mu, Qin Zhang, Huizhen Yang, Jingyu Mao, Michael J Simoff, Jian'an Huang, Xiaoju Zhang, Jiayuan Sun","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000981","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ION system is a shape-sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (SS-RAB) platform developed to biopsy peripheral pulmonary nodules (PPNs). There is a lack of data describing the use of this system in the Chinese population. The study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of using SS-RAB to diagnose PPNs across multiple centers within China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, multicenter study used SS-RAB in consecutive patients with solid or sub-solid PPNs 8 to 30 mm in largest diameter. Primary endpoints were diagnostic yield and the rates of procedure- or device-related complications. Radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS) was to confirm lesion localization, followed by sampling, using the Flexision biopsy needle, biopsy forceps, and cytology brush. Subjects with nonmalignant index biopsy results were followed up to 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 90 PPNs were biopsied from 90 subjects across 3 centers using SS-RAB. The median nodule size was 19.4 mm (IQR: 19.3, 24.6) in the largest dimension. In all (100%) cases, the catheter successfully reached the target nodule with tissue samples obtained. The diagnostic yield was 87.8% with a sensitivity for malignancy of 87.7% (71/81). In a univariate analysis, nodule lobar location, presence of bronchus sign, and rEBUS view were associated with a diagnostic sample, but only rEBUS view showed an association in a multivariate analysis. The overall pneumothorax rate was 1.1% without pneumothorax requiring intervention, and there was no periprocedural bleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As an emerging technology in the Chinese population, SS-RAB can safely biopsy PPNs with strong diagnostic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airway Injury Related to Radiation Treatment and Durvalumab Treatment: A Case Series.","authors":"Daniela Chavez Moreira, Horiana B Grosu","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000976","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000976","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized Control Trial Comparing the Yield of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Using Three Different Techniques in Patients Undergoing Flexible Bronchoscopy (BAL-3T).","authors":"Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Gurkirat Kaur, Nalini Gupta, Sahajal Dhooria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Amanjit Bal, Parikshaa Gupta, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Valliappan Muthu, Ritesh Agarwal","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000979","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three techniques have been described for aspirating the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, namely the wall mount suction (WMS), manual suction (MS), and manual suction with tubing (MST). However, there is no direct comparison among the 3 methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomized patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy and BAL in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of the 3 arms. The primary outcome was to compare the optimal yield, defined as at least 30% return of volume instilled and <5% bronchial cells. The key secondary outcomes were the percentage of volume and total amount (in millimeters) return of BAL, as well as complications (hypoxemia, airway bleeding, and others).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We randomized 942 patients [MST (n = 314), MS (n = 314), WMS (n = 314)]. The mean age of the study population [58.7% (n = 553) males] was 46.9 years. The most common indication for BAL was suspected pulmonary infection. Right upper lobes and middle lobes were the commonest sampled lobes. The optimal yield was similar in all the groups [MST (35.6%) vs MS (42.2%) vs WMS (36.5%); P = 0.27]. A significantly higher proportion of patients had BALF return >30% (P = 0.005) in the WMS (54.2%) and MS (54%) than in the MST arm (42.9%). The absolute and the percentage volume of BALF was also higher in WMS and MS than in the MST arm. There was no difference in the complication rate or other secondary outcomes across the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found no difference in the optimal yield of BAL or complications using any one of the 3 methods for BAL fluid retrieval.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complicated Pleural Infection is Associated With Prolonged Recovery and Reduced Functional Ability.","authors":"Austin M Meggyesy, Candice L Wilshire, Adam J Bograd, Shih Ting Chiu, Christopher R Gilbert, Najib M Rahman, Eihab O Bedawi, Eric Vallieres, Jed A Gorden","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000974","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Management of complicated pleural infections (CPIs) had historically been surgical; however, following the publication of the second multicenter intrapleural sepsis trial (MIST-2), combination tissue plasminogen (tPA) and dornase (DNase) offers a less invasive and effective treatment. Our aim was to assess the quality of life (QOL) and functional ability of patients' recovery from a CPI managed with either intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) or surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified 565 patients managed for a CPI between January 1, 2013 and March 31, 2018. There were 460 patients eligible for contact, attempted through 2 phone calls and one mailer. Two questionnaires were administered: the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) and a functional ability questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Contact was made in 35% (159/460) of patients, and 57% (90/159) completed the survey. Patients had lower QOL scores compared to average US citizens; those managed with surgery had higher scores in physical functioning (surgery: 80, IPFT: 70, P=0.040) but lower pain scores (surgery: 58, IPFT: 68, P=0.045). Of 52 patients who returned to work, 48% (25) reported an impact on their work effectiveness during recovery, similarly between management strategies (IPFT: 50%, 13/26 vs. surgery: 46%, 12/26; P=0.781).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with a CPI had a lower QOL compared with average US citizens. Surgically managed patients reported improved physical functioning but worse pain compared with patients managed with IPFT. Patients returned to work within 4 weeks of discharge, and nearly half reported their ability to work effectively was impacted by their recovery. With further research into recovery timelines, patients may be appropriately counselled for expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrathoracic Lymph Node Microcalcifications are Associated With a High Prevalence of Malignancy and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Rearrangement: The \"Calce\" Study.","authors":"Fausto Leoncini, Giovanni Sotgiu, Alessandra Cancellieri, Mariangela Puci, Stefania Cortese, Vanina Livi, Jacopo Simonetti, Daniela Paioli, Daniele Magnini, Federico Cappuzzo, Emilio Bria, Rocco Trisolini","doi":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000973","DOIUrl":"10.1097/LBR.0000000000000973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microcalcifications are acknowledged as a malignancy risk factor in multiple cancers. However, the prevalence and association of intrathoracic lymph node (ILN) calcifications with malignancy remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled patients with known/suspected malignancy and an indication for endosonography for diagnosis or ILN staging. We assessed the prevalence and pattern of calcified ILNs and the prevalence of malignancy in ILNs with and without calcifications. In addition, we evaluated the genomic profile and PD-L1 expression in lung cancer patients, stratifying them based on the presence or absence of ILN calcifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 571 ILNs were sampled in 352 patients. Calcifications were detected in 85 (24.1%) patients and in 94 (16.5%) ILNs, with microcalcifications (78/94, 83%) being the predominant type. Compared with ILNs without calcifications (214/477, 44.9%), the prevalence of malignancy was higher in ILNs with microcalcifications (73/78, 93.6%; P<0.0001) but not in those with macrocalcifications (7/16, 43.7%; P=0.93). In patients with lung cancer, the high prevalence of metastatic involvement in ILNs displaying microcalcifications was independent of lymph node size (< or >1 cm) and the clinical stage (advanced disease; cN2/N3 disease; cN0/N1 disease). The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement was significantly more prevalent in patients with than in those without calcified ILNs (17.4% vs. 1.7%, P<0.001), and all of them exhibited microcalcifications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ILN microcalcifications are common in patients undergoing endosonography for suspected malignancy, and they are associated with a high prevalence of metastatic involvement and ALK rearrangement.</p>","PeriodicalId":15268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}