Journal of Applied Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Large-Scale Monitoring, Biochemical Mechanism, and Fitness Cost of Resistance to Chlorfenapyr in a Near-Isogenic Strain of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From China.","authors":"Chenghong Liu, Juan Tang, Cheng Qu, Xiaoli Ma, Ran Wang","doi":"10.1002/jat.70491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spodoptera litura is a globally important polyphagous herbivore that has developed resistance to many widely used insecticides. Chlorfenapyr is a pyrrole insecticide with demonstrated efficacy against lepidopteran pests, but the susceptibility baseline and field-evolved resistance in S. litura remain poorly characterized. In this study, we built a near-isogenic strain (JZ-NIL) based on one field-collected chlorfenapyr-resistant population of S. litura and characterized patterns of cross-resistance, fitness costs, and mechanism of metabolic resistance. In comparison with the susceptible Lab-S strain, the field-sampled JZ population displayed approximately 225.0-fold resistance to chlorfenapyr. The JZ-NIL strain was built and showed 124.2-fold chlorfenapyr resistance, with no apparent cross-resistance to broflanilide, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, and spinetoram. Assays of enzyme activity and tests of synergism showed that diethyl maleate (DEM) made a synergistic ratio of 1.9 against chlorfenapyr, and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in JZ-NIL was 1.8-fold significantly higher than in the strain of Lab-S, indicating that GST-mediated metabolism contributes to chlorfenapyr resistance. In addition, pupation rate, fecundity, and hatchability were significantly lower in JZ-NIL than in Lab-S. The relative fitness of JZ-NIL was 0.54 compared with Lab-S. Overall, these results indicate that GST-mediated detoxification contributes to chlorfenapyr resistance in S. litura and that this resistance is associated with significant fitness costs. Further studies are needed to clarify the metabolic and target-site mechanisms underlying chlorfenapyr resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Scallop Mantle Toxin on the Male Mouse Reproductive System.","authors":"Yujie Chen, Huayan Shang, Ziyi Gong, Liwang Zheng, Jianrong Li, Xiong Geng, Rongrong Ma","doi":"10.1002/jat.70486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mantle of Yesso scallops contains a novel 18-/29-kDa protein toxin. Previous studies have confirmed that this toxin induces subacute toxicity without a clear dose-effect relationship. However, its effects on the male reproductive system remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the toxic effects of scallop mantle toxin (SMT) on the reproductive organs of male mice. Male Kunming mice were fed diets supplemented with 2% scallop mantle for 5 consecutive weeks, with the dosage determined based on previous studies from our research group. Instead of using purified toxin extracts, this study directly adopted raw scallop mantle tissue as the toxin source. Mouse growth status was monitored, with analyses performed on testicular and epididymal histology, sperm morphology, sperm DNA integrity, sperm nucleoprotein maturation, and the expression of spermatogenesis-related genes. The results showed that SMT induces significant reproductive toxicity in male mice by impairing spermatogenesis, as evidenced by structural disruption of seminiferous tubules, reduced spermatogenic cell layers, decreased counts of mature elongated spermatozoa, elevated sperm malformation and DNA damage, and disrupted histone-to-protamine transition. Furthermore, SMT significantly downregulated the expression of TSSK6, a postmeiotic differentiation marker, indicating that SMT primarily targets the late stages of spermatogenesis. Taken together, SMT damages the structural integrity of male reproductive organs and compromises sperm quantity and quality in mice, and may interfere with postmeiotic sperm formation and maturation. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for establishing scallop mantle-related reproductive toxicity models and evaluating shellfish food safety risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Lurasidone Hydrochloride and Its Impurities for Neuronal and Cardiac Toxicities Using Integrated Toxicological Approaches.","authors":"Arya Patel, Nehangi Patel, Umang Shah, Archita Patel, Anjali Mahavar, Sahil Panjvani, Alkeshkumar Patel","doi":"10.1002/jat.70480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lurasidone hydrochloride (LH) has over 98 other impurities produced during its manufacturing and storage process. LH had two crucial impurities that were reported cytotoxic and genotoxic in nature: 4-chloro-1,2-benzisothiazole (Impurity 1) and 3-(1-piperazinyl)-1,2-benzisothiazole (Impurity 2). When the impurity threshold is exceeded due to chronic administration, evaluation of the toxicity of critical organs become crucial. A variety of endpoints were evaluated to assess the neurotoxicity of LH along with both impurities. The parameters related to neurotoxicity includes assessment of neurobehavioral abnormalities, evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and oxidative stress level by super oxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. Acetylcholinesterase is the most desirable targets affected by both impurities, according to AI-based toxicity prediction tools and docking scores. Cytotoxic nature of LH's and its impurities were discovered at 80-, 160-, and 320-μM concentrations through in vitro study with PC12 and H9C2 cell lines. In zebrafish study, at 0.2 μg/L of Impurity 2, there was an increase in mirror biting and time spent at the bottom of the tank, but there was no discernible decline in memory or learning during the T-maze assay. Impurity 1 and Impurity 2 demonstrated inhibition of AchE at the molecular level, which raises acetylcholine levels and causes excitotoxicity. Oxidative damage in neuronal cells is indicated by a lower amount of superoxide dismutase and a higher level of malondialdehyde. Cardiac histological damages like exhibiting myofilament fiber rupture and dissolution observed to decide toxicity induced damage. At 0.2-μg/L dose, the Impurity 2 has shown potential neurotoxicity as well cardiotoxicity in zebrafish study.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149238544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal Accumulation, Liver Histopathology, and Human Health Risk Assessment Across Different Trophic Guilds in a Mining-Affected Neotropical River.","authors":"Breno Thuller, Alessandro Loureiro Paschoalini, Fabio Pereira Arantes, Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo, Elizete Rizzo, Nilo Bazzoli","doi":"10.1002/jat.70479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metal pollution in aquatic environments represents a recurring global concern; however, traditional paradigms often assume linear bioaccumulation patterns that may fail under catastrophic contamination scenarios. This study evaluated metal concentrations in water, sediment, and tissues of 10 fish species from different trophic guilds in the Paraopeba River after the Brumadinho dam collapse. Multivariate analyses (principal component analysis [PCA], generalized linear model [GLM], and PERMANOVA) were used to explore associations between metal concentrations, ecological traits, and body size integrated with liver histopathology (Histopathological Alteration Index) and Human Health Risk Assessment. Results revealed that metal concentrations in water and fish tissues exceeded regulatory limits, whereas sediment acted as the main reservoir of metals, exhibiting higher concentrations than water. High-severity liver damage was concentrated in benthic piscivores and benthopelagic detritivores, exposing a complex interplay between biomagnification and direct substrate contact. Human Health Risk Assessments indicated unacceptable noncarcinogenic risks driven by aluminum (Al), along with elevated carcinogenic risks for chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) for both adults and children in the region analyzed. These findings demonstrate that ecological traits were associated with differences in metal accumulation, liver damage, and public health threats, reinforcing the need for nonlinear models in postdisaster regulatory frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological Assessment of Phthalate Plasticizers in Hydra vulgaris: Acute Toxicity, Genotoxicity, Developmental and Behavioural Effects.","authors":"Aditya Mohan Menon, Gayathri R Chandran, Ramaswamy Babu Rajendran, Kadalmani Balamuthu, Thirumurugan Ramasamy","doi":"10.1002/jat.70483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phthalates pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems, though their effects on nontarget organisms have been reported, with little information on Hydra. This study evaluated the developmental, cytotoxic and behavioural toxicity of four phthalates, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) at concentrations ranging between 1 and 100 mg/L in Hydra vulgaris over 96 h. DBP induced acute toxicity and lethality with a 48 h LC₅₀ of 5.3 mg/L. No mortality was observed for DEP, DMP and DEHP at this range of concentrations; however, DEP induced severe morphological changes and affected locomotion and tentacle movements of hydra at 100 mg/L. DBP caused distinct developmental effects, with disrupted regeneration and decreased reproductive output at the respective 1/10th and 1/2nd LC₅₀ concentrations of 0.53 and 2.7 mg/L. Behavioural endpoints such as foraging responses and locomotor activity were impaired at 0.53 mg/L. Furthermore, cytotoxicity, with 53% DNA damage and an increased rate of apoptosis, was observed. This study reveals that DBP was highly toxic to hydra compared to the other three phthalates. The order of toxicity was found to be DBP > DEP > DMP > DEHP.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic and Oxidative Effects of Common Pesticides on Hepatic and Renal Cell Lines (HepG2 and Hek-293): Implications for Human Health and Environmental Safety.","authors":"Fares Elghali, Kawther Bedchich, Nour Kacem, Mohamed Sami Aifa","doi":"10.1002/jat.70485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern agricultural practices expose humans and the environment to numerous chemical pesticides. Increasing evidence suggests that commercial pesticide formulations may exhibit toxicological properties that differ from those of their active ingredients alone due to the presence of co-formulants and additives. This study evaluated the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of commonly used commercial pesticide formulations in Tunisia on human hepatic (HepG2) and renal (HEK-293) cell lines. The tested formulations contained deltamethrin, permethrin, abamectin, imidacloprid, mancozeb, sulfur, alpha-chloralose, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl ester, florasulam, cloquintocet-mexyl, clodinafop-propargyl, and pinoxaden. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), and membrane damage was evaluated using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values were determined for each formulation. Moncozeb exhibited the highest cytotoxicity in both cell lines, whereas sulfur and alpha-chloralose showed the lowest toxicity. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements revealed significant oxidative stress following exposure to several formulations, which was associated with reduced cell viability and increased LDH release. Microscopic examination further demonstrated nuclear alterations consistent with apoptosis and necrosis in exposed cells. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating complete commercial pesticide formulations, rather than active ingredients alone, when assessing potential cytotoxic and oxidative effects. The results support the inclusion of formulation-based testing in toxicological risk assessment to better characterize potential human health hazards associated with pesticide exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemocyte, Biochemical, and Histopathological Responses of Biomphalaria alexandrina, the Egyptian Intermediate Host of Schistosoma mansoni, to Sublethal Deltamethrin Exposure.","authors":"Rasha Ezzat Mohamed Ali, Rasha Mohamed Gad El-Karim, Hassan El-Sayed Flefel, Mohamed Ramadan Habib","doi":"10.1002/jat.70477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deltamethrin is among the pyrethroids most frequently detected in Egyptian irrigation canals and drains, the same water bodies that support Biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail that transmits Schistosoma mansoni in Egypt. The objective of this study was to characterize the response of adult B. alexandrina to sublethal concentrations of a commercial deltamethrin formulation, using hemocyte, biochemical, and histopathological biomarkers. The hypothesis tested was that sublethal deltamethrin reduces the number of circulating hemocytes, alters the balance between hemocyte classes and damages hemocyte structure, at concentrations comparable with those measured in Egyptian watercourses. Adult snails were exposed to a commercial deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate, the form applied in the field. The 24-h median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) was 0.41 mg/L as nominal active ingredient. Snails were then held for 48 h or 10 d at nominal LC_o (0.04 mg/L), LC₅ (0.25 mg/L), and LC₁₀ (0.28 mg/L), the lowest of these being 1.2-fold the highest deltamethrin concentration so far reported from Giza-area watercourses. Circulating hemocytes fell by 35% after 48 h and by 45% after 10 d at LC₁₀ (p < 0.001). The differential profile shifted toward granulocytes, from 66% in the 10-d control to 84% at LC₁₀ (p < 0.001), at the expense of hyalinocytes and blast-like cells. Exposed cells showed retracted pseudopodia, incomplete mitotic figures, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and membrane rupture. Binucleate hemocytes rose from 12.50% to 35.87% and micronucleated cells from 2.63% to 6.43% (p < 0.001). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and glucose rose while total protein and albumin fell; reduced glutathione (GSH) rose alongside malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂); and the digestive gland and the ovotestis degenerated with concentration. The hypothesis was accepted. The hemocyte compartment is a sensitive target of sublethal pyrethroid exposure in a snail of direct public health importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity of Organophosphate Insecticides and Biochemical Mechanisms Associated With Resistance in Field Populations of Plutella xylostella (L.) From Kashmir, India.","authors":"Bazila Rehman, Tariq Ahmad, Barkat Hussain","doi":"10.1002/jat.70464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a globally important pest of cruciferous crops, for which intensive insecticide use has accelerated the evolution of resistance. However, the magnitude and biochemical basis of organophosphate resistance in P. xylostella populations from the Kashmir Valley remain poorly understood. Here, we quantified susceptibility to chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and quinalphos in nine field populations using leaf-dip bioassays and investigated associations between resistance phenotypes and activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450) and glutathione S-transferases (GST). Resistance ratios (RR) varied substantially among populations, ranging from 8.48 to 34.67 for chlorpyrifos, 6.83-76.61 for dimethoate and 3.79-14.19 for quinalphos. Pulwama and Budgam consistently exhibited the highest resistance, whereas Ganderbal was the most susceptible population. Dimethoate resistance was particularly pronounced in Pulwama (RR = 76.61; LC₅₀ = 17.90 mL L^-1). At the highest concentrations tested, corrected mortality remained below 50% across populations, although LC₅₀ estimates exceeding the tested concentration range should be interpreted cautiously. Enzyme assays revealed markedly elevated AChE and CYP450 activities in resistant populations, with increases of up to 34-fold and 10-fold, respectively, whereas GST activity showed no significant population-level difference. Spearman analysis further indicated significant positive associations of AChE, CYP450 and GST activities with quinalphos resistance (ρ = 0.79-0.91; p < 0.05), but not with chlorpyrifos or dimethoate resistance. These findings demonstrate substantial spatial heterogeneity in organophosphate susceptibility and indicate that biochemical resistance mechanisms are insecticide-specific rather than uniformly expressed across organophosphate resistance phenotypes. The pronounced dimethoate resistance, despite weak associations with the measured detoxification enzymes, suggests the involvement of additional mechanisms, including target-site insensitivity, alternative detoxification pathways, or reduced insecticide penetration. The results provide a baseline for resistance surveillance in Kashmir and support mechanism-informed insecticide rotation and resistance-management strategies for P. xylostella.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Industrial Effluent-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity, Genotoxicity, DNA Damage, and Esterase Activities Changes in the Brain, Liver, and Muscle of Oreochromis niloticus.","authors":"Sarwat Ishaq, Ghazala Jabeen, Iqra Muzaffar, Mateen Arshad","doi":"10.1002/jat.70468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Industrial effluents frequently contain a variety of toxic substances that can seriously threaten aquatic life. Pollutants discharged in industrial effluents can significantly induce genetic damage in aquatic organisms, leading to long-term ecological consequences and impairments in fish health and reproduction. The present study provides an integrated assessment of neurotoxic, genotoxic, biochemical, and histopathological response of Oreochromis niloticus against composite of industrial effluents. Fish were exposed to 1/5th of sublethal LC₅₀ concentration of composite untreated industrial effluents from Sundar Industrial Estate for 14 days, alongside an untreated control group. Neurotoxicity and biochemical analyses were done by measuring acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carboxylesterase (CbE) activities in liver, muscle, and brain tissues, while cytogenotoxicity was evaluated by micronucleus, erythrocyte nuclear alterations, cellular abnormalities, and comet assay. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of AChE activity by 1.28-fold in muscle, 2.53-fold in liver, and 1.35-fold in brain tissues. CbE activity was significantly induced (2.17-fold) in liver, while inhibited by 1.2-fold in muscle and 1.62-fold in brain tissues. Micronuclei formation and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities including notched, elongated, and blebbed nuclei along with cellular deformities such as spindle-shaped, swollen, and vacuolated cells were observed in exposed fish. The comet assay revealed minor to moderate DNA damage, with significant differences in comet parameters compared to control. Histopathological alterations in liver, muscle, and brain tissues were also evident. The present findings demonstrate that these industrial effluents have the potential to induce toxic effect at multiple biological levels in exposed fish. Overall, industrial effluents caused enzymatic disruption, genetic damage, and tissue injury, posing risks to fish and human consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Histomorphometric Implications Resulting From Chronic Nandrolone Decanoate Treatment in Rats Subjected to Resistance Training.","authors":"Lucas D Ferreira, Tallys E Velasco, Bruno A Aguilar, João V M Bernal, Gabriel A Lavez, João P Passaglia, Hugo C D Souza","doi":"10.1002/jat.70478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.70478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of anabolic steroid abuse on the cardiac tissue of resistance training practitioners are poorly understood. Herein, we present the histomorphometric implications of resistance training in rats treated with nandrolone decanoate, an androgenic anabolic steroid. Eighteen-week-old male Wistar rats (N = 32) were divided into two groups (N = 16): vehicle group (VEH; 0.2 mL/kg i.m., peanut oil) and group treated with nandrolone decanoate (NAN; 5 mg/kg i.m.), both for 12 weeks. Half of each group underwent a resistance training protocol (VEH-T and NAN-T) during the same period. At the end, the animals were euthanized for cardiac morphometric and histological evaluation. The NAN group presented an increase in left ventricular wall thickness and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, together with a reduction in the percentage area occupied by cardiomyocytes and an increase in interstitial fibrosis percentage, compared with the VEH group. In turn, the VEH-T group showed increased left ventricular wall thickness, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, and myonuclear number, with no effect on interstitial fibrosis or the percentage area occupied by cardiomyocytes. In contrast, the NAN-T group exhibited a higher cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area and myonuclear number than the other groups, together with a lower interstitial fibrosis percentage than the NAN group. Chronic treatment with a supraphysiological dose of nandrolone decanoate resulted in adverse cardiac remodeling and increased interstitial fibrosis. Resistance training promoted cardiac hypertrophy without increasing fibrosis. When combined with nandrolone, training was associated with lower fibrosis values than those observed in untrained nandrolone-treated animals but did not prevent the major structural alterations associated with nandrolone exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15242,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}