Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Some Properties of Strongly Principally Self-Injective Modules","authors":"Khalid Munshid, M. Hamid, J. Kider","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.3248.1096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.3248.1096","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of generalizing quasi injective by employing a new term is introduced in this paper. The introduction of principally self-injective modules, which are principally self-injective modules. A number of characteristics and characterizations of such modules have been established. In addition, the idea of strongly mainly self-pure sub-modules was added, which is similar to strongly primarily self-injective sub-modules. Some characteristics of injective, quasi-injective, principally self-injective, principally injective, absolutely self-pure, absolutely pure, and finitely R -injective modules being lengthened to strongly principally self-injective modules. So, in the present work, some properties are added to the concept in a manner similar to the absolutely self-neatness. The fundamental features of these concepts and their interrelationships are linked to the conceptions of some rings. (Von Neumann) regular, left SF-ring, and left pp-ring rings are described via such concept. For instance, the homomorphic picture of every principally injective module be strongly principally self-injective if R being left pp-ring, and another example for a commutative ring R of every strongly principally self -injective module be flat if R being (Von Neumann) regular. Also, a ring R be (Von Neumann) regular if and only if each R -module being strongly principally","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90469483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Nano-catalyst Applications in Kerosene Desulfurization Techniques","authors":"Sahar Abd Zaid, A. AbdulRazak, M. Abid","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2022.4302.1094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2022.4302.1094","url":null,"abstract":"The production of clean liquid fuels is critical to maintaining a healthy life and environment around the world. To meet the new sulfur standard requirements, sulfur compounds must be effectively and completely removed from fuel oil. Therefore, researchers' attention turned to research into different techniques to remove sulfur from kerosene. This review focused on discussing a variety of catalysis approaches and emerging technologies for ultra-deep desulfurization of refinery streams for ultralow sulfur, such as hydrodesulfurization, catalytic-oxidative desulfurization, and adsorption desulfurization to form clean liquid fuels. This review discusses the most important industrial parameters that influence sulfur removal processes and has focused primarily on the main role of the catalyst and its type in impacting the efficiency of the process. Also, it will discuss the concepts of nano-catalysts, their preparation methods, and the most common forms, were described such as graphene, carbon nano-tubes (CNTs), metal-organic frames (MOVs), and zeolites. A comparison between the nano-catalyst and the conventional catalyst was also discussed to show the great effect of the nano-catalyst in improving the removal processes, which will lead to the development of innovative, efficient desulfurization methods that produce zero-sulfur fuels. In addition, understanding the most important challenges in nano-catalysts.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83007517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study the Effect of Cinnamon and Tea Tree Oils on Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella Pneumoniae","authors":"Halah Rafeeq, Z. Sharba","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2022.4246.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2022.4246.1082","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is a noteworthy human pathogen. As a virulence factor, these bacteria may create a thick coating of extracellular biofilm. This aids the organism's adhesion to biotic as well as abiotic surfaces, preventing antimicrobial agents from doing their job. Infections caused by bacterial biofilms have become more difficult to treat as a result. Therefore, the present study has been designed to investigate the effects of essential oils, individually or in combination, on the biofilms of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. In this research, the quantification of biofilm composition for 50 isolates from urine samples indicates the following statistics: [n = 24 (48%)] isolates form a strong biofilm, [n = 12 (24%)] a moderate biofilm, [n = 10 (20%)] a weak biofilm, and [n = 4 (8%] a non-biofilm. The Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC) and MBC values for essential oils were determined. The results showed that the MIC for tea tree oil was 0.25% and MBC 0.5%. While the MIC for cinnamon oil was 0.125%, and MBC was 0.25%. Afterward, the anti-biofilm effectiveness of essential oils was evaluated. The results showed that both oils had good efficacy against strong biofilm for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. But in a comparison between them, cinnamon oil showed better results. Due to the efficacy of these two oils, the combined impact of the two oils was discovered in this study. And the results revealed that there was an antagonistic effect. These findings recommend additional essential oils be tested to see how they affect biofilms of Klebsiella pneumoniae or other bacteria. The results show that the combination of Tea tree and Cinnamon oils has antagonism effects. The interaction between Essential Oil (EO) compounds can produce four possible types of effects: synergistic. additive, indifferent, and antagonistic effects. Synergism is observed when the effect of the combined substances is greater than the sum of the individual effects. An additive effect is observed when the combined effect is equal to the sum of the individual effects. While the absence of interaction is defined as indifference. Antagonism is observed when effect of one or both compounds is less when they are applied together than when individually applied many","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76513568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Corrosion Inhibition of Novel Pyridine on Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Environment","authors":"Bassma Hadi, H. Ibraheem","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.3862.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.3862.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Corrosion inhibitions in corrosive solutions of hydrochloric acid for mild steel by chemical compound 3-acetyl-4-(4-bromophenyl)-6-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl pyridine-2(1H)-one (ABCP), was conducted and the chemical structure was elucidated The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (H-NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. The compound ABCP had been investigated at 25 ˚C via weight loss technique. The outcomes show that the ABCP displays great performances as an inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. Inhibition efficiency increments with expanding of concentration and become 98.4% at the highest studied concentration. The studies have demonstrated a reverse association between corrosion rate (CR) and inhibition efficiency (IE percent), as IE increases while CR decreases with an increased concentration. In the presence of ABCP, inhibitory efficiency was up to 98.4% at 25°C in presence of ABCP (0.5 mM). IE drops notably at 65°C with an increased temperature. By means of FT -IR and NMR spectroscopy approaches and physical properties through melting point and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), the chemical structure of the tested inhibitor has been clarified.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75992547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Analysis of Interleukin 17A Activity in Breast Cancer Patients Using Bioinformatics Methods","authors":"Abdalrahman Mohammed‬, Abbas Al.janabi","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.3878.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.3878.1052","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, bioinformatics approach has been utilized to discover the sequences and structures analysis of IL-17A of breast cancer and compares with normal sequence from NCBI. The current study was aimed to discuss the possibility of using IL-17A as a marker for patients with breast cancer. Also, the effect of mutation on the physicochemical properties and structure of IL-17A. Sixty blood samples were examined from patients with breast cancer (aged between 20 and 75 years old). In patients with breast cancer, there were missense mutations and deletion mutations detected by BLAST. Furthermore, the current study determined the physicochemical properties of IL-17A, such as their hydrophilic nature; alpha–helical structure, and 3D structure. The results of this study show that IL-17A consider as a marker for the patient with breast cancer. Also, the mutations on IL-17A gene affected the structure and physicochemical properties of the Interleukin-17A protein complex. disease. The mutations on IL-17A gene for patients with breast cancer affect the physicochemical properties of the Interleukin-17A protein such as molecular pI, of and compared with from In addition, affected on for current study by changing and of and This affected which led to loss of host defense for with breast","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"30 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81012869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of PANI/PVA Blends as Electrolyte Materials","authors":"D. Akram, N. Hameed","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2022.4124.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2022.4124.1073","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a detailed study on the preparation and performance of polyaniline (PANI)/Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend. The blends are prepared by the casting method at different weight ratios (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wt%). The structural morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscope SEM. The morphological analysis showed a uniform blend of PANI with PVA matrix. PVA exhibits lamellae structure of different shapes and dimensions. For 1% PANI, the results showed homogeneous blending, which decreases with an increase of the PANI ratio. Phase separation and semispherical region formation in the PVA matrix were seen. It was found that incompatibilities increase with increasing the PANI ratio. Also, the results proved in the blends scanning electron microscope anilinium cation – radical surfaces for an aggregate of different dimension and spherical shapes, which induced by surface tension. The electrical conductivity study of PANI/PVA blends and PVA reveals that PANI/PVA gives the conductivity of 10 −4 (cm.Ω) -1 , while PVA presented the lowest conductivity with the value of 10 −12 (cm.Ω) -1 . The results also showed an increase in ionic conductivity with temperature and PANI weight ratio. The increase in electrical conduction with increasing temperatures is due to the negative thermal coefficient, this result is attributed to the polymer chains that act as traps for charge carriers, and when the temperature rises, the transfer mechanism will be reigned by the hopping process.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77317000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Electrosprayed Nanoparticles as Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: A Mini Review","authors":"Sanaz Khademolqorani, S. Banitaba","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.4462.1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.4462.1111","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles (NPs) are referred to as tiny materials in size ranging from 1 to 100 nm. Unique characteristics of the NPs, including small sizes and high surface area, appropriate reactivity, proper stability, great strength, and many more, have resulted in their wide use in numerous fields. Among different techniques reported for synthesizing the nanoparticles, electro-hydrodynamic atomization or electrospray has been identified as a well-practiced and high efficient technique for the formation of fine and homogenous NPs from a liquid under the influence of electrical forces. This process allows feasible encapsulation of different drugs, vitamins, and proteins applicable in the targeted drug delivery systems. Since the release rate of the loaded pharmaceutical materials could be easily tuned via varying the properties of core and shell components. Herein, we summarized the importance of the electrospray technique for the production of drug-loaded nanoparticles applicable in controlled drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76262653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Physico-chemical Contribution to the Conventional Technique of Preparation Graphene Oxide","authors":"Z. Abd, N. Habib, A. Khammas","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.4296.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.4296.1090","url":null,"abstract":"The modified Graphene Oxide (GO) synthesis methods used over the past sixty years is contributed mainly to improving its characteristics and increasing its advanced applications. Therefore, in this work, modifying Hummer’s Method via oxidizing graphite flakes using one type of acid (H 2 SO 4 ) was performed without any chemical agents. Also, ultra-sonication and filtration were implemented with optimal parameters (50 kHz frequency during 120 minutes at room temperature 30 o C) to prepare GO nanosheets. These procedures improved GO characteristics via analyzing; Particle size, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), Ultra-violet visible (UV-vis) absorption, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The obtained results showed that the characteristics of GO nano-sheets had met the preparation requirements, such as reducing the average diameter of GO nano-sheets from 313 nm to 94 nm. Moreover, characterizing the diffraction angle of GO at 9.86 o and the optimal absorption by UV-vis achieved at 230 nm. The synthesis and exfoliation of GO nano-sheets were carried out with fewer impacts of toxicity using distilled water. Finally, this GO synthesis in the lab might be used to make a variety of nanocomposites. gained with 94 nm size. Furthermore, this methodology kept the GO characteristics as characterized by X-ray and UV-vis tests. It is found that the UV-vis absorption of GO increased due to the increase in the surface area of the nanosheets after two hours. This evidence shows that GO nanosheets have been well","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87973779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculating Modern Roman Domination of Fan Graph and Double Fan Graph","authors":"Saba Salah, A. Omran, M. Al-Harere","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.3906.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.3906.1060","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the concept of modern Roman domination in graphs. A Modern Roman dominating function on a graph is labeling such that every vertex with label 0 is adjacent to two vertices; one of them of label 2 and the other of label 3 and every vertex with label 1 is adjacent to a vertex with label 2 or label 3. The weight of a Roman dominating function is the value 𝑓(𝑉) = ∑ 𝑓(𝑣) 𝑣∈𝑉 . The minimum weight of all possible Roman dominating functions is called the \"Roman Domination Number\" of a graph. This dominance can be used in many aspects of life, for example in computer networks, transmission lines, and many others. In this paper, the modern Roman domination of the fan graph and the double fan graph with their complement are determined. Also, it has been determined the the number of modern Roman dominations of the corona of two specific graphs like the corone of two fan graph, two double fan graph ,fan graph and double fan graph and the oppisit of them.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87324231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Effect of Laser Energy on the Structural and Optical Properties of TiO2 NPs Prepared by PLAL Technique","authors":"Israa Hasan, K. Khashan, Aseel A. Hadi","doi":"10.53293/jasn.2021.3600.1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53293/jasn.2021.3600.1031","url":null,"abstract":"*Corresponding Author: Khawla S. Khashan 100082@uotechnology.edu.iq Abstract Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were produced in this work by laser ablation of a high purity titanium objective immersed in distilled water. Optical and structural properties of the obtained TiO2 NPs using a Qswitched Nd: YAG laser of 1064nm wavelength with different laser energy (80, 100, 120, 140, and 160) mJ at 100 pulses was studied. The produced TiO2 NPs were characterized employing UV-VIS Spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained TiO2NPs showed a decrease in transmittance in the region of the UV spectrum and an increase in the visible spectrum region. The estimated optical band gap of the TiO2NPs was 3.89eV, 3.8eV, and 3.70eV at 80, 120 and 160mJ laser energy, respectively. The as-produced TiO2NPs appear to be a Brookite crystalline phase with the preferential orientation along (200) direction. The scanning electron microscopy assays showed that the TiO2 NPs have a cauliflower shape. Results show that with increasing the energy of laser pulse, the size of nanoparticles was increased noticeably. Where the particle size and its morphology are affected by laser energy.","PeriodicalId":15241,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Sciences and Nanotechnology","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84392310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}