Moizle Grace Castro Ocariza, Louise Nancy Paton, Evelyn Mary Templeton, Christopher Joseph Pemberton, Anna Pauline Pilbrow, Sarah Appleby
{"title":"CNDP2: An Enzyme Linking Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases?","authors":"Moizle Grace Castro Ocariza, Louise Nancy Paton, Evelyn Mary Templeton, Christopher Joseph Pemberton, Anna Pauline Pilbrow, Sarah Appleby","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10560-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10560-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heart requires a substantial amount of energy to function, utilising various substrates including lipids, glucose and lactate as energy sources. In times of increased stress, lactate becomes the primary energy source of the heart, but persistently elevated lactate levels are linked to poor patient outcomes and increased mortality. Recently, carnosine dipeptidase II (CNDP2) was discovered to catalyse the formation of Lac-Phe, an exercise-induced metabolite derived from lactate, which has been shown to suppress appetite in mice and reduce adipose tissue in humans. This review discusses CNDP2, including its role in lactate clearance, carnosine hydrolysis, oxidative stress regulation, and involvement in metabolite regulation. The association between CNDP2 and cardiometabolic and renal diseases is also explored, and knowledge gaps are highlighted. CNDP2 appears to be a complex participant in human physiological processes and disease, necessitating additional research to unveil its functions and potential therapeutic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine Learning Model for Predicting Risk Factors of Prolonged Length of Hospital Stay in Patients with Aortic Dissection: a Retrospective Clinical Study.","authors":"Luo Li, Yihuan Chen, Hui Xie, Peng Zheng, Gaohang Mu, Qian Li, Haoyue Huang, Zhenya Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10565-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10565-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The length of hospital stay (LOS) is crucial for assessing medical service quality. This study aimed to develop machine learning models for predicting risk factors of prolonged LOS in patients with aortic dissection (AD). The data of 516 AD patients were obtained from the hospital's medical system, with 111 patients in the prolonged LOS (> 30 days) group based on three quarters of the LOS in the entire cohort. Given the screened variables and prediction models, the XGBoost model demonstrated superior predictive performance in identifying prolonged LOS, due to the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and F1-score in both subsets. The SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis indicated that high density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine transaminase, systolic blood pressure, percentage of lymphocyte, and operation time were the top five risk factors associated with prolonged LOS. These findings have a guiding value for the clinical management of patients with AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaping Xu, Yan Chen, Jun Jie Tan, Jer Ping Ooi, Zhikun Guo
{"title":"Intrapericardial Administration to Achieve Localized and Targeted Treatment for Cardiac Disease.","authors":"Yaping Xu, Yan Chen, Jun Jie Tan, Jer Ping Ooi, Zhikun Guo","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10553-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10553-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrapericardial administration has been proposed as an alternative delivery route of pharmacological agents via the bilaminar sac of pericardium surrounding the heart. To date, intrapericardial administration has entailed the localized administration of a broad spectrum of therapeutic agents. These agents include stem cells, extracellular matrix, growth factor, drugs, bioactive materials, and genetic materials, to the heart and coronary arteries. The route not only overcomes the limitations associated with traditional systemic administration methods, but also presents multiple intrinsic advantages over the other approaches, allowing greater therapeutic actions. Intrapericardial administration exhibits versatility in addressing certain cardiac conditions and ongoing research in this field certainly holds promise for further innovations and advancements to improve cardiac treatment. Thus, this review discusses the anatomy and physiology of the pericardium, the intrapericardial administration access routes, the recent application of intrapericardial delivery in the context of cardiac repair as well as the challenges associated with the approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henrik Stephan, Linda Grefen, Dirk Clevert, Meike Onkes, Jin Ning, Nikolaus Thierfelder, Petra Mela, Christian Hagl, Adrian Curta, Maximilian Grab
{"title":"4D-Flow MRI and Vector Ultrasound in the In-Vitro Evaluation of Surgical Aortic Heart Valves - a Pilot Study.","authors":"Henrik Stephan, Linda Grefen, Dirk Clevert, Meike Onkes, Jin Ning, Nikolaus Thierfelder, Petra Mela, Christian Hagl, Adrian Curta, Maximilian Grab","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10564-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10564-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was the initial investigation of 4D-Flow MRI and Vector Ultrasound as novel imaging techniques in the in-vitro analysis of hemodynamics in anatomical models. Specifically, by looking at the hemodynamic performance of state-of-the-art surgical heart valves in a 3D-printed aortic arch.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mock circulatory loop simulated physiological, pulsatile flow. Two mechanical and three biological aortic valves prostheses were compared in a 3D-printed aortic arch. 4D magnetic resonance imaging and vector flow Doppler ultrasound served as imaging methods. Hemodynamic parameters such as wall shear stress, flow velocities and pressure gradients were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flow analysis revealed characteristic flow-patterns in the 3D-printed aortic arch. The blood-flow in the arch presented complex patterns, including the formation of helixes and vortices. Higher proximal peak velocities and lower flow volumes were found for biological valves.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mock circulatory loop in combination with modern radiological imaging provides a sufficient basis for the hemodynamic comparison of aortic valves.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zui Liu, Yang Cao, Xiao-Long Liao, Zhi-Jun Ou, Zhi-Wei Mo, Yi-Fang Liu, Ya-Ting Chen, Ze-Long Liu, Jian-Jun Gao, Da-Sheng Ning, Yue-Ming Peng, Mary G Sorci-Thomas, Jing-Song Ou, Yan Li
{"title":"Apolipoprotein A-I Mimetic Peptide Restores VEGF-induced Angiogenesis in Hypercholesterolemic Ischemic Heart by Reducing HDL Proinflammatory Properties.","authors":"Zui Liu, Yang Cao, Xiao-Long Liao, Zhi-Jun Ou, Zhi-Wei Mo, Yi-Fang Liu, Ya-Ting Chen, Ze-Long Liu, Jian-Jun Gao, Da-Sheng Ning, Yue-Ming Peng, Mary G Sorci-Thomas, Jing-Song Ou, Yan Li","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10568-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10568-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>VEGF-induced angiogenesis is impaired in hypercholesterolemia. Previous studies showed that an apolipoprotein A-I(ApoA-I) mimetic peptide, D-4F, is able to reduce HDL proinflammatory index in hypercholesterolemia. Whether D-4F promotes angiogenesis in hypercholesterolemia remains unclear. Low-density lipoprotein receptor null (LDLr<sup>-/-</sup>) mice and LDLr<sup>-/-</sup>/ApoA-I<sup>-/-</sup> mice were fed with high-fat diet with or without D-4F (1mg/kg·d). C57BL/6 mice fed with normal diet served as control. The myocardial infarction was induced by ligation coronary artery, and the VEGFA-AAV 9 was injected in heart. The plasma HDL proinflammatory index, cardiac function, infarct size, and angiogenesis related signaling pathways were examined. The HDL proinflammatory index increases in hypercholesterolemic mice. VEGFA stimulates angiogenesis and improves cardiac function in ischemic heart of C57BL/6 mice, but not in hypercholesterolemic mice. D-4F reduces HDL proinflammatory index. D-4F combined with VEGFA stimulates the expression of CD31 and eNOS, activates ERK1/2, reduces infarct size, and improves cardiac function in ischemic heart in hypercholesterolemic LDLr<sup>-/-</sup> mice but not in hypercholesterolemic LDLr<sup>-/-</sup>/ApoA-I<sup>-/-</sup> mice. D-4F restores the VEGF-induced angiogenesis by reducing HDL proinflammatory properties in hypercholesterolemic ischemic heart.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"58-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Induction of Controllable Vortical Flow in a Dual-Stenosis Aorta Model: A Replication of Disordered Eddies Flow in Aneurysms.","authors":"Zhijie Wang, Zonghan Lyu, Jingfeng Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10566-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10566-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a two-stenosis aorta model mimicking vortical flow in vascular aneurysms. More specifically, we propose to virtually induce two adjacent stenoses in the abdominal aorta to develop various vortical flow zones post stenoses. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted for the virtual two-stenosis model based on physiological and anatomical data (i.e., diameters, flow rate waveforms) from adult rabbits. The virtual model includes adult rabbits' infra-renal portion of the aorta and iliac arteries. 3D CFD simulations in five different dual-stenosis configurations were performed using a commercial CFD package (FLUENT). In-house software assessed the evolution of flow vortices. Notably, spatial-temporally averaged wall shear stress (STA-WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI), the total volume of vortex flow, the number of vortices, and the phase-to-phase overlap of vortex flow within each region were evaluated. In all models, we found consistent patterns of the vortex flow parameters, indicating that the adjacent stenoses induced three different hemodynamic zones, namely, stable vortical flow (after the first stenosis), transient vortical flow (after the second stenosis), and unstable vortical flow (further distal to the second stenosis). Also, different degrees of flow disturbance can be achieved in these three zones. It is significant to note that, although the 'dual-stenosis' geometry is completely hypothetical, it allows us to create various vortical flows in consecutive vessel segments for the first time. As a result, if implemented as a pre-clinical model, the proposed two-stenosis model offers an attractive, tunable environment to investigate the interplays between subject-specific hemodynamics and vascular remodeling. This aspect remains in our future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"91-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hemodynamic Analysis in Aortic Dilatation after Arterial Switch Operation for Patients with Transposition of Great Arteries Using Computational Fluid Dynamics.","authors":"Woo Young Park, Sang Yun Lee, Jongmin Seo","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10562-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10562-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After an arterial switch operation for complete transposition of the great arteries, neo-aortic root dilatation occurs, with unclear hemodynamic effects. This study analyzes three groups (severe dilation, mild dilation, and normal) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on cardiac CT scans. Aortic arch angles in severe (median 72.3, range: 68.5-77.2) and mild dilation (76.6, 71.1-85.2) groups are significantly smaller than the normal group (97.3, 87.4-99.0). In the normal and mild dilatation groups, Wall Shear Stress (WSS) exhibits a consistent pattern: it is lowest at the aortic root, gradually increases until just before the bend in the aortic arch, peaks, and then subsequently decreases. However, severe dilation shows disrupted WSS patterns, notably lower in the distal ascending aorta, attributed to local recirculation. This unique WSS pattern observed in severely dilated patients, especially in the transverse aorta. CFD plays an essential role in comprehensively studying the pathophysiology underlying aortic dilation in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"79-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"β-Hydroxybutyrate and Citrate Synthase as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Aging-Related Atrial Fibrillation.","authors":"Jia-Kang He, Xiao-Xiao Jiang, Shi-Yu Dai, Xiao-Han, Qian-Qiu Zhu, Jie-Yang, Yun-Long Zhang, Xiao-Hong Yu","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10569-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10569-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases with age; however, the precise mechanisms by which aging elevates AF risk and the effective biomarkers for managing AF in elderly patients remain unclear. We analyzed plasma samples from 100 elderly AF patients, 100 young and 100 elderly patients without atrial fibrillation (NAF), along with left atrial tissues obtained from both AF and NAF patients following valve replacement. Our findings indicate reduced levels of β-OHB and citrate synthase (CS) activity in elderly AF patients compared to their NAF counterparts. Statistical analysis revealed a protective association between β-OHB and CS activity concerning the occurrence of elderly AF. Furthermore, atrial tissues from elderly AF patients exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, structural remodeling, and low-voltage areas. These results suggest that dysregulation of β-OHB levels and CS activity may contribute to aging-related AF by affecting mitochondrial function and atrial remodeling, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 Reduces the Stability of Atherosclerotic Plaque via Impairing Macrophagic Efferocytosis.","authors":"Yandong Liu, Weilin Hu, Futang Yang, Sili Zou, Huiqiong Ren, Yong Zuo, Lefeng Qu","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10576-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10576-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CHI3L1 is strongly associated with atherosclerosis, but its role in macrophages remains unknown. In this study, we observed a significant up-regulation of CHI3L1 in both carotid plaques and serum of symptomatic patients, and demonstrated that CHI3L1 impairs the efferocytosis of macrophages by down-regulating crucial efferocytic mediator MFGE8 through inhibiting ATF2, which binds directly to the enhancer of MFGE8. In human plaques, we observed a negative correlation between CHI3L1 expression and both ATF2 and MFGE8 levels, further proved their involvement in plaque destabilization. Using Ldlr-/- mice with tandem carotid stenosis surgery, we demonstrated that administration of CHI3L1 protein resulted in enlarged atherosclerotic necrotic cores and decreased MFGE8 and ATF2 levels. Conversely, treatment with a CHI3L1 blocking antibody exhibited the opposite trend.In conclusion, CHI3L1 destabilizes atherosclerotic plaque by impairing macrophagic efferocytosis through the down-regulation of ATF2-induced MFGE8 expression. Targeting CHI3L1 may offer a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"3-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeting Canonical Wnt-signaling Through GSK-3β in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Conservative or Progressive?","authors":"Brandon Shu Huang Low, Angeliki Asimaki","doi":"10.1007/s12265-024-10567-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12265-024-10567-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a primary myocardial disease and a major cause of sudden death in all populations of the world. Canonical Wnt signalling is a critical pathway controlling numerous processes including cellular differentiation, hypertrophy and development. GSK3β is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase, which acts downstream of Wnt to promote protein ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Several studies now suggest that inhibiting GSK3β can prevent and reverse key pathognomonic features of ACM in a range of experimental models. However, varying concerns are reported throughout the literature including the risk of paradoxical arrhythmias, cancer and off-target effects in upstream or downstream pathways. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In light of the start of the phase 2 TaRGET clinical trial, designed to evaluate the potential therapeutic efficacy of GSK3β inhibition in patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, this report aims to review the advantages and disadvantages of this strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research","volume":" ","pages":"121-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}