Karen V Miralles-Resurreccion, Sherry L Grace, Lucky R Cuenza
{"title":"Trends in cardiac rehabilitation enrollment post-coronary artery bypass grafting upon implementation of automatic referral in Southeast Asia: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Karen V Miralles-Resurreccion, Sherry L Grace, Lucky R Cuenza","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective but underutilized intervention. Strategies have been identified to increase its use, but there is paucity of data testing them in low-resource settings. We sought to determine the effect of automatic referral post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery on CR enrollment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective cohort study assessing cardiac patients referred to CR at a tertiary center in Southeast Asia from 2013 to 2019. The paper-based pathway was introduced at the end of 2012. The checklist with automatic CR referral on the third day post-operation prompted a nurse to educate the patient about CR, initiate phase 1 and encourage enrollment in phase 2. Patients who were not eligible for the pathway for administrative or clinical reasons were referred at the discretion of the attending physician (i.e., usual care). Enrollment was defined as attendance at≥1 CR visit. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 4792 patients referred during the study period, 394 enrolled in CR. Significantly more patients referred automatically enrolled compared to usual care (225 [11.8%] vs. 169 [5.8%]; OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.8-2.7), with increases up to 23.4% enrollment in 2014 (vs. average enrollment rate of 5.9% under usual referral). Patients who enrolled following automatic referral were significantly younger and more often employed (both <i>P</i><0.001); no other differences were observed. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In a lower-resource, Southeast Asian setting, automatic CR referral is associated with over two times greater enrollment in phase 2 CR, although efforts to maintain this effect are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"84-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9339729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahul Bhushan, Vaibhav Chugh, Narender S Jhajhria, Vijay Grover, Palash V Aiyer
{"title":"Isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis - A rare entity and a surgeon's dilemma.","authors":"Rahul Bhushan, Vaibhav Chugh, Narender S Jhajhria, Vijay Grover, Palash V Aiyer","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Isolated tricuspid valve endocarditis accounts for only 5 to 10 percent of infective endocarditis cases globally. Numerous surgical procedures ranging from simple vegetectomy, creation of neoleaflets or complete replacement by a prosthetic valve have been described. We aimed to evaluate our experience in surgical management of this entity and to formulate an approach for timing, appropriateness and extent of surgery. Patients operated on semi elective/emergency basis had adverse outcome with residual regurgitation and had longer ICU stay. Also, patients who required excision of leaflet and creation of neoleaflets had a higher incidence of regurgitation. This suggests that maximal preservation of native valve lessens the incidence of residual regurgitation. Simple vegetectomy and patch repair of the residual defect offers the best outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"138-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9339738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40676129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum; Time for a consensus.","authors":"Santiago Campbell-Silva","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Considering the article published by Hülya Dirol and Hakan Keskin: Risk factors for mediastinitis and mortality in Pneumomediastinum,1 I would like to respectfully give my opinion on the so-called spontaneous pneumomediastinum. We agree in dividing pneumomediastinum into primary and secondary, but we consider that the primary is the truly spontaneous or idiopathic, terms that should be omitted and called primary. This pneumomediastinum cannot have any predisposing or precipitating factor. The secondary, can in turn be traumatic and non-traumatic, and the latter is where the predisposing and precipitating factors influence (Figure 1). According to current literature, any pneumomediastinum that is not traumatic is “spontaneous”, but it happens that the group called spontaneous is the one with the greatest triggering cause. This creates confusion and causes conceptual difficulty. We believe that the classification should evolve towards greater accuracy. For us, if a PM has a predisposing factor that compromises the pulmonary structure whether congenital, hereditary, or genetic (bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, surfactant alterations, etc.) or acquired (asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease, COVID-19, etc.), it cannot be spontaneous because there is an underlying predisposing disease. Similarly, the pneumomediastinum that occurs due to a precipitating factor (coughing, labor, intense exercise, use of inhaled drugs, mechanical ventilation, etc.) in a healthy subject or with an underlying lung disease cannot be","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"212-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40712302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aydın Rodi Tosu, Tufan Çinar, Muhsin Kalyoncuoğlu, Halil İbrahim Biter, Sinem Çakal, Beytullah Çakal, Murat Selçuk, Erdal Belen, Mehmet Mustafa Can
{"title":"Predictive value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio for no-reflow in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction.","authors":"Aydın Rodi Tosu, Tufan Çinar, Muhsin Kalyoncuoğlu, Halil İbrahim Biter, Sinem Çakal, Beytullah Çakal, Murat Selçuk, Erdal Belen, Mehmet Mustafa Can","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.30549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.30549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The focus of this research was to explore the link between CRP (C-reactive protein) /albumin ratio (CAR), a novel inflammatory response marker, and no-reflow (NR) phenomena in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI) patients during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The current study recruited 209 non-STEMI participants who underwent PCI. The patients were divided into two groups based on their post-intervention Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade; those with and without NR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In all, 30 non-STEMI patients (6.9%) had NR after PCI. CAR values were substantially greater in the NR group. The CAR was identified to be a determinant of the NR (OR: 1.250, 95% CI: 1.033-1.513, <i>P</i>=0.02), although CRP and albumin were not independently related with NR in the multivariate analysis. In our investigation, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels and high thrombus burden were also predictors of the occurrence of NR. According to receiver operating characteristic curve evaluation, the optimal value of CAR was>1.4 with 60% sensitivity and 47% specificity in detecting NR in non-STEMI patients following PCI. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> To the best of knowledge, this is the first investigation to demonstrate that the CAR, a new and useful inflammatory marker, can be utilized as a predictor of NR in patients with non-STEMI prior to PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"214-219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9871161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9178058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous beat-to-beat heart rate and systolic blood pressure variability in patients with and without neurally mediated syncope.","authors":"Amirhossein Akbarzadeh, Fariborz Akbarzadeh, Babak Kazemi","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Autonomic changes play an essential role in the genesis of neurally mediated syncope (NMS). The aim of this study was to compare the changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by measuring spectral indices of beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure and heart rate variability (SBPV and HRV) in ranges of low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and the LF/HF ratio during head-up tilt test (HUTT) in patients with and without a syncope response. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this case-control study of 46 patients with a suspected history of unexplained syncope, data were recorded separately during the typical three phases of HUTT. Patients who developed syncope were designated as the case group and the rest as the control group. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirty one patients experienced syncope during HUTT. Resting HRV and SBPV indices were significantly lower in cases than controls. After tilting in the syncope group, both HF and LF powers of SBPV showed a significant and gradual decrease. LF/HF in HRV increased in both groups similarly during the test but in SBPV, mainly driven by oscilations in its LF power, it increased significantly more during the first two phases of the test in syncope patients only to paradoxically decrease during active tilt (<i>P</i>< 0.001). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our findings show an abnormal autonomic function in patients with syncope, both at rest and tilting. Fluctuations of spectral indices of beat-to-beat SBPV, a potential noval index of pure sympathetic activity, show an exaggerated response during tilt and its withdrawal before syncope.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"108-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9339730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40676128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faysal Şaylık, Tufan Çınar, Murat Selçuk, Tayyar Akbulut
{"title":"Triglyceride-to-glucose index to detect a non-dipping circadian pattern in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.","authors":"Faysal Şaylık, Tufan Çınar, Murat Selçuk, Tayyar Akbulut","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i> </b> In this investigation, we aimed to explore the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the non-dipping blood pressure (BP) pattern in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this retrospective study, 216 consecutive newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who had undergone 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) monitoring and had not received anti-hypertensive drugs were included. Non-dipping status was evaluated by a 24-h ABPM monitoring in all patients. We categorized the patients into two groups as; dippers (n=104 cases) and non-dippers (n=112 cases). The TyG index was derived from the fasting triglyceride and fasting glucose levels using the formula; ln[fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2]. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Non-dipper group had a higher TyG index than the dipper group. The TyG was an independent predictor of non-dipping BP in hypertensive individuals, according to multivariable analysis. The TyG index was negatively associated with a decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP during the nighttime. The ideal cutoff value of the TyG index in detecting non-dipping status was≥9.01 with 74.1% sensitivity and 71.2% specificity. A ROC comparison indicated that the area under the curve value of TyG index was superior to fasting triglyceride, fasting glucose, and homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) in detecting non-dipping BP. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The TyG index was an independent predictor of non-dipping status in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients who had undergone 24-hour ABPM monitoring and had not received anti-hypertensive drugs. As a simple and easily obtained parameter, the TyG index can be used to detect such pattern among these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40483852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Successful closure of the ventricular septal defect;A rare complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.","authors":"Saadet Demirtas Inci, Murat Tulmaç, Cagatay Tunca, Tolgahan Efe, Hakan Güllü","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this report, we present a patient with ventricular septal defect (VSD) that was detected at follow-up one month after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and successfully closed percutaneously. Before the procedure, a 29 mm Portico self-expanding aortic valve prosthesis was placed in the heavy calcific aortic valve position, and then the balloon was dilated due to aortic insufficiency and excellent results were obtained. One month after TAVI, the patient complained of shortness of breath at rest, and on physical examination a pansystolic murmur was detected. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a well-functioning prosthetic aortic valve; however, a VSD was detected causing left-to-right shunt in the interventricular septum. Later, we performed the interventional treatment of the defect using the Amplatzer muscular VSD occluder device with the transfemoral approach. Currently, five months after the combined procedure, the patient showed a significant improvement in symptoms and no significant shunt was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 3","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40712298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samman Verma, Prashant Gupta, Amitava Dutta, Pankaj Gupta, Vishal Sharma
{"title":"Esophageal Intramural Haematoma related Dysphagia: A rare complication after thrombolysis.","authors":"Samman Verma, Prashant Gupta, Amitava Dutta, Pankaj Gupta, Vishal Sharma","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophageal Intramural Haematoma (EIH) is a rare entity usually caused by repeated emesis or trauma. It is diagnosed on the basis of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and radiology. Treatment is conservative unless hemodynamic instability prevails. Use of anticoagulation or thrombolytic therapy is believed to be a risk factor rather than a causative etiology. However, a review of literature shows only few cases occurring post-thrombolysis. We report about a patient of myocardial infarction who was thrombolyzed with streptokinase. He developed hematemesis and dysphagia a few hours after thrombolysis despite ECG resolution of his ST elevation. He was diagnosed to have EIH on basis of endoscopic and computed tomographic findings. His symptoms improved within two weeks, and a repeat UGIE showed resolution of the hematoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"144-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9339736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahra Nassereddine, Hassan Kazem, Malek Moussa, Mohamad Saab
{"title":"Left circumflex coronary artery injury following mitral valve replacement with late presentation: A case report and literature review.","authors":"Zahra Nassereddine, Hassan Kazem, Malek Moussa, Mohamad Saab","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.30551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.30551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitral valve replacement complications are more and more recognized due to the novel surgical techniques and the tendency to report such complications by young cardiologists and surgeons. Circumflex coronary artery injury is a rare complication that occurs during mitral valve replacement or repair by multiple mechanisms. We present the case of a 57-year-old female who underwent mitral valve replacement and ended up with heart failure after circumflex artery occlusion and failure of percutaneous coronary intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 4","pages":"268-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9871163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9190888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term outcomes of severe rheumatic mitral stenosis after undergoing percutaneous mitral commissurotomy and mitral valve replacement: A 10-year experience.","authors":"Wasinee Promratpan, Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, Vorarit Lertsuwunseri, Suphot Srimahachota","doi":"10.34172/jcvtr.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC) and mitral valve replacement (MVR) are treatments of choice for severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS). Data regarding the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent PTMC and MVR are limited. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with severe rheumatic MS who underwent PTMC or MVR between 2010 to 2020. The primary outcome comprised of all-cause death, stroke or systemic embolism, heart failure hospitalization and re-intervention. Cox regression was used to investigate predictors of the primary outcome. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 264 patients were included in analysis, 164 patients (62.1%) in PTMC group and 100 patients in MVR group (37.9%). The majority were females (80.7%) and had atrial fibrillation (68.6%). The mean age was 49.52 (SD: 13.03) years old. MVR group had more age and AF, higher Wilkins' score with smaller MVA. Primary outcome occurred significantly higher in PTMC group (37.2% vs 22%, <i>P</i>=0.002), as well as, re-intervention (18.3% vs 0%, <i>P</i><0.001). However, all-cause mortality, stroke or systemic embolism and heart failure hospitalization were not significantly different. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, PTMC (HR 1.94; 95%CI 1.14, 3.32; <i>P</i>=0.015), older age (HR 1.03; 95%CI 1.01, 1.06; <i>P</i>=0.009) and SPAP > 50 mmHg (HR 2.99; 95%CI 1.01, 8.84; <i>P</i>=0.047) were the only predictors of primary outcome. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Primary outcome occurred in PTMC group more than MVR group which was driven by re-intervention. However, all-cause mortality, stroke or systemic embolism and heart failure hospitalization were not significantly different.</p>","PeriodicalId":15207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research","volume":"14 2","pages":"101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9339733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}