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Altair and Vega, The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl: An Analysis of a Living Sky-myth 牛郎星和织女星，牛郎和织女:一个活生生的天空神话分析
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.1224.0209
Morag Feeney Beaton
{"title":"Altair and Vega, The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl: An Analysis of a Living\u0000 Sky-myth","authors":"Morag Feeney Beaton","doi":"10.46472/cc.1224.0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.1224.0209","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the elements that comprise the ancient Chinese legend of The\u0000 Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, a mythic tale that is played out against a cosmic\u0000 background, and whose narrative has its basis in the astronomical cycle of the stars,\u0000 Altair and Vega. The descent of the myth’s characters and subsequent ascent into the\u0000 skies sets up a cosmic interplay, creating interaction between the mythic and the\u0000 mortal, the heavens and the earth, the divine and the human. This paper will also\u0000 discuss the cosmological symbolism of textile production at the centre of the myth’s\u0000 storyline, whereby weaving is a means of manufacturing the cosmos and colouring the\u0000 heavens. The legend can be considered living myth, in that it gives rise to contemporary\u0000 festivals in several cultures in East Asia, which are inspired by folklore and\u0000 traditional customs. Themes that are central to the myth’s narrative, such as love,\u0000 weaving, and the movement of the stars, are acknowledged and celebrated in these\u0000 festivals, themselves survivors of an earlier lunar calendar system. The paper goes on\u0000 to assess the relevance and cultural interaction of both the myth and the festival\u0000 amongst a small group of selected volunteer respondents, selected from the Chinese and\u0000 Japanese communities residing in the UK.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129589612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Summer Triangle and the Stymphalian Birds 夏季三角和Stymphalian鸟类
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.1224.0207
D. Gunzburg
{"title":"The Summer Triangle and the Stymphalian Birds","authors":"D. Gunzburg","doi":"10.46472/cc.1224.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.1224.0207","url":null,"abstract":"In western celestial cartography there is a grouping of three birds which are the constellations of Cygnus the Swan, Aquila the Eagle, and Lyra the Lyre, all found north of the ecliptic. Within each constellation, the three bright stars of Deneb Adige in Cygnus, Altair in Aquila, and Vega in Lyra constitute what is known today as the Summer Triangle, as they are visible in the summer months and form a triangle in the night sky. Rather than just a geometrical pattern, however, this essay argues that there is a myth that draws these three magical birds together. Using extant works of art, as well as the writings of Apollonius Rhodius (Argonautica 2, c.3rd century BCE) and Pseudo- Hyginus (Fabulae 30, c.2nd century CE), amongst others, this essay focuses initially on the Greek myth of the three Stymphalian Birds (Ornithes Stymphalides) which haunted Lake Stymphalis in Arkadia and suggests that, by searching within other myths, there are alternate ways that these three sky birds may have been understood through other cultures.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"359 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134458965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Total Solar Eclipses as Example Illustrations on a Pan- Emotional Spectrum 以日全食为例，说明泛情绪谱
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0213
T. Hockey
{"title":"Total Solar Eclipses as Example Illustrations on a Pan- Emotional Spectrum","authors":"T. Hockey","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0213","url":null,"abstract":"The history of total solar eclipses usually is to be found within the history of science. However, a true social history of total eclipses must include the experience of the general population that witnessed it. I am interested in the emotions induced by a total eclipse of the Sun in the recent past. I surmise that solar eclipses engender all eight of the psycho-evolutionary classifications of emotion enunciated by Robert Plutchik. There are eight primary emotions in Plutchik’s system. I suggest examples corresponding to each, relying on accounts of the total solar eclipse of 7 August 1869.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129415006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Geometry of Plato’s Cosmos 柏拉图宇宙的几何学
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0209
M. Sutton
{"title":"The Geometry of Plato’s Cosmos","authors":"M. Sutton","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0209","url":null,"abstract":"Current understanding of astronomy attributes the earliest geometric models to the Greeks. Yet there remains substantial uncertainty about the Mesopotamian origins of the classical Greek constellations. It is here shown how clues famously given by Plato in his Timaeus provide the key to understanding the original geometric design framework. Having allocated the four elements (Water, Earth, Fire and Air) to regular polyhedra, Plato assigned a fifth figure to the cosmos, traditionally identified as the dodecahedron. Based on geometrical and philosophical arguments, it is here proposed that Plato also had in mind the orbicular elevated dodecahedron, consisting of 360 fundamental Platonic scalene triangles. In mapping it out as a convenient approximation to the celestial sphere, we discover that it offers a geometric framework for the Paths of Anu, Enlil and Ea of Mesopotamian astronomy, while explaining the enigma of why the constellations of the zodiac are not equally distributed along the ecliptic. Three rings with partial ten-way rotational symmetry are also identified that appear to have been used in the design framework. The conclusions emphasize Plato’s debt to earlier astronomers, while transforming our understanding of the constellations so familiar today.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125343816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Love, Triumph, Immortality: The Mythic and Pictorial Tradition of the Corona Borealis’ 爱、胜利、不朽:北极光的神话与绘画传统
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0211
Claudia Rousseau
{"title":"Love, Triumph, Immortality: The Mythic and Pictorial Tradition of the Corona Borealis’","authors":"Claudia Rousseau","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0211","url":null,"abstract":"The Corona Borealis or Northern Crown is a bright constellation that shines conspicuously in the early summer sky. Among the oldest recognized constellations visible in the northern hemisphere, its distinctive configuration is easily discernible. Once a group of nine stars, it was the only stellar ring visible to early Greek astronomers who named it Στεϕανοσ, the Wreath. It was later distinguished as πρωτοσ and Βορεοσ (first and northern) and ascribed a positive astrological influence. The constellation was associated with the myth of Bacchus and Ariadne as early as the third Century BCE. In this myth, the Crown was most often identified as Ariadne's wedding crown which Bacchus hurled into the sky at her death as a memorial of his undying love for her. Although there are variations in the telling of the myth in ancient texts, the constellation was firmly identified with the triumph of Ariadne, and her transformation into a goddess. The pictorial tradition was adapted in images of the Virgin Mary with a starry crown, as well as those representing her Coronation by Christ.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122933743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enchantment, Place and Space: Implications for Cultural Astronomy 魅力、地点和空间:文化天文学的启示
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0205
Patrick Curry
{"title":"Enchantment, Place and Space: Implications for Cultural Astronomy","authors":"Patrick Curry","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0205","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the experience of enchantment, especially in terms of relationality and ‘concrete magic’. It then turns to place and moment, key elements of that experience, as distinct from space and time. In these respects, enchantment cannot be captured by the modern division (with older roots) into material vs. spiritual; it is indefeasibly both. Turning to the implications for cultural astronomy, I argue that they render indefensible the assumption of the sky or cosmos as an inert, passive backdrop for human meanings to be projected onto them. Meaning, as pointed up by enchantment as an especially intense kind of meaning, is necessarily participatory and relational, which means that agency and subjectivity cannot be confined to humans alone.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128336260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myth, Enchantment and Psychological Astrology 神话、魔法和心理占星术
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0207
Laura Andrikopoulos
{"title":"Myth, Enchantment and Psychological Astrology","authors":"Laura Andrikopoulos","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0207","url":null,"abstract":"James Hillman's archetypal psychology aimed to take psyche out of the consulting room and back to the cosmos, through cultivation of a mythical consciousness that recognises all reality as symbolic and metaphorical. A life-long lover of astrology, Hillman has been identified as a reformer from within psychological astrology, with his archetypal perspective offering potential for a re- enchanted expression of the subject. However, earlier varieties of psychological astrology, which have been labelled as disenchanting, show a strong concern with mythology. This paper examines what difference there is, if any, in the role and function of mythology in different twentieth-century psychological astrologies and the relationship between such use and characterisations of (dis)enchantment.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":" 31","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Astronomy as a Cultural System 天文学作为一种文化体系
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0203
S. Iwaniszewski
{"title":"Astronomy as a Cultural System","authors":"S. Iwaniszewski","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0203","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial Note. This paper was first published as Iwaniszewski, Stanislaw, ‘Astronomy as a Cultural System’, Interdisciplinary Research, Archaeological Institute and Museum of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1991, Vol. XVIII, pp. 282-289. The paper was read at the First National Symposium on Archaeoastronomy held in November, 22-24, 1988 in Tolbukhin (present day name is Dobrich). This paper was translated into Russian by M.M. Kalishenko and published as “Astronomiya kak kul'turnaya Sistema”. Na rubezhakh poznaniya vselennoy. Istoriko-astronomicheskiye issledovaniya, 22: pp.67–73 (1990). [Russkaya Akademia Nauk, Moskva], edited by Alexander Gurshtein.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129912417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
The Development of a Lunar Land Ethic 月球土地伦理的发展
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0223.0215
J. Heim
{"title":"The Development of a Lunar Land Ethic","authors":"J. Heim","doi":"10.46472/cc.0223.0215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0223.0215","url":null,"abstract":"‘Space ethics’ is a term which encompasses a wide variety of ethical quandaries. Issues such as how we should treat extraterrestrial life if we encounter it (even in the form of bacteria), whether it is permissible to genetically alter humans, so that they are more suited to space travel, and what degree of resource extraction is acceptable in space (is it acceptable to mine an asteroid into oblivion?). All can be considered aspects of space ethics. In this paper, I will focus primarily on a particular subset of space ethics – that of how we ought or ought not to treat terrestrial environments outside the Earth, specifically that of the Moon. As the response people have regarding such questions are rooted in their conception of the nature of the relationship between humans and their environment, I will examine some of the predominant ideas in the space community on this subject, as well as address critiques of the status quo. I will also explore alternative perspectives which may lead to more favorable outcomes for both the future of humanity in space, as well as to more sound treatment of the terrestrial environments we explore, and will offer thoughts on the development of a lunar land ethic.","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125169826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hestia: The Indo-European Goddess of the Cosmic Central Fire’ 赫斯提亚:印欧语中掌管宇宙中心之火的女神
Culture and Cosmos Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.46472/cc.0123.02.03
M. De Martino
{"title":"Hestia: The Indo-European Goddess of the Cosmic Central Fire’","authors":"M. De Martino","doi":"10.46472/cc.0123.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46472/cc.0123.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":152044,"journal":{"name":"Culture and Cosmos","volume":"56 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120854295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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