Journal of Cannabis Research最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics of the Washington cannabis market from 2014 to 2016.","authors":"William C Kerr, Yu Ye","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00147-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42238-022-00147-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The state of Washington legalized cannabis for adult use in 2012 and retail stores began to open in 2014. While details of the legal market have been tracked by the state, the total market for cannabis and characteristics of purchasers can only be identified through surveys.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six cross-sectional samples of the Privatization of Spirits in Washington (PSW) surveys were collected between January 2014 and October 2016 with two in each year. Random digit dial procedures were used to recruit a sample aged 18 and older, with 40% of cases from mobile phones. A total of 5492 respondents participated. Analyses of the population-weighted sample utilized purchasing amounts and frequencies, use frequency and related measures to estimate total and mean amounts and expenditures. Sensitivity analyses were conducted for key assumptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The market for cannabis flower is estimated to have increased from 158 metric tons and $1.23 billion in 2014 to 222 metric tons and $1.7 billion in 2016, with little change from 2014 to 2015. Purchases from legal sources, retail and dispensaries, were estimated at 69% of the total market. Daily or near daily (DND) users accounted for about 83% of sales in 2014, rising to 91% in 2016. The prevalence of past year use rose substantially from 25% in 2014 to 32% in 2016, with DND use rising from 10.2 to 11.3%. Average purchase amounts for DND users rose from 291 g in 2014 to 374 g in 2016, while mean amounts among non-DND users declined from 78 to 28.6 g.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expansion of retail cannabis stores in Washington appears to have led to increased market size in 2016 with all of the increase attributed to DND users. Frequent users may be important to consider in legalization evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":" ","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9251922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40471892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of scales to measure Lebanese university students' perceived knowledge about and attitudes about cannabis use: initial psychometric properties.","authors":"Anthony Mina,&nbsp;Clara Rahme,&nbsp;Souheil Hallit,&nbsp;Michel Soufia","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00144-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00144-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For a long period, cannabis in Lebanon was categorized as an illegal psychoactive substance criminalized by law, despite being the 3rd largest producer of cannabis resin after Morocco and Afghanistan. The current available literature on the topic in Lebanon is scarce, as perceived knowledge towards cannabis use in the general population is not well established, and public health policies are absent. In the context of future legalization of cannabis for both medical and recreational purposes, what is the public's perception of cannabis perceived knowledge about and attitude against cannabis use? The objectives of this study were to create two scales to assess perceived knowledge towards cannabis use and attitude against cannabis use and check their psychometric properties in a sample of Lebanese university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was designed as a cross-sectional study involving 415 Lebanese university students aged between 18 and 30 years. Students were only recruited from one university and were sent an email with a brief description of the study and a link to the questionnaire. The questionnaire items covered perceived knowledge and attitude about cannabis use, recovered and adapted from available literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceived knowledge items converged over a solution of four factors that had an Eigenvalue over 1, explaining a total of 64% of the variance (factor 1 = perceived knowledge about cannabis quality of life improvement; factor 2 = perceived knowledge about cannabis psychiatric use; factor 3 = perceived knowledge about cannabis risks; factor 4 = perceived knowledge about cannabis neurological use). Attitude items converged over a solution of two factors that had an Eigenvalue over 1, explaining a total of 58.2% of the variance (factor 1 = negative attitude about cannabis use; factor 2 = positive attitude about cannabis use). Good Cronbach's alpha values were found for the perceived knowledge and attitude scales (α = 0.78 and α = 0.73 respectively). Greater perceived knowledge was found in male participants and in those who have tried cannabis for recreational purposes. Greater perceived knowledge was also associated with stronger attitude about cannabis use and older age. Furthermore, greater mean attitude about cannabis use scores were significantly found in male participants and in those who have tried cannabis for recreational or medicinal purposes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary results showed acceptable psychometric properties for the perceived knowledge towards and attitudes about cannabis use scale. Further studies are needed in order to validate them among the general population and assess more psychometric properties of these scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":" ","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9250259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40472206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical cannabis regulation: an overview of models around the world with emphasis on the Brazilian scenario","authors":"M. R. de Souza, A. Henriques, R. Limberger","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00142-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00142-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80309889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare provider and medical cannabis patient communication regarding referral and medication substitution: the Canadian context","authors":"Alexis Holman, D. Kruger, P. Lucas, Kaye Ong, Rachel S. Bergmans, K. Boehnke","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00141-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00141-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78097759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use as a factor of lower corpulence in hepatitis C-infected patients: results from the ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort","authors":"T. Barré, F. Carrat, C. Ramier, H. Fontaine, V. Di Beo, M. Bureau, C. Dorival, D. Larrey, E. Delarocque-Astagneau, P. Mathurin, F. Marcellin, V. Petrov-sanchez, C. Cagnot, P. Carrieri, S. Pol, C. Protopopescu, Laurent Chloe Fabien Marianne Roxane Lucie François Franço Alric Pomes Zoulim Maynard Bai Hucault Bailly Raff, L. Alric, C. Pomes, F. Zoulim, M. Maynard, R. Bai, Lucie Hucault, F. Bailly, F. Raffi, E. Billaud, D. Boutoille, M. Lefebvre, E. Andre-Garnier, P. Calès, I. Hubert, A. Lannes, F. Lunel, J. Boursier, T. Asselah, N. Boyer, N. Giuily, C. Castelnau, G. Scoazec, S. Pol, H. Fontaine, Emilie Rousseaud, A. Vallet-Pichard, P. Sogni, V. de Lédinghen, J. Foucher, J. Hiriart, Jancell M’Bouyou, Marie Irles-Depe, M. Bourliere, Si Nafa Si Ahmed, V. Oulès, A. Tran, R. Anty, E. Gelsi, R. Truchi, D. Thabut, Saloua Hammeche, J. Moussali, X. Causse, Barbara De Dieuleveult, Brahim Ouarani, D. Labarrière, N. Ganne, V. Grando-Lemaire, P. Nahon, Séverine Brulé, B. Ulker, D. Guyader, C. Jézéquel, A. Brener, A. Lal","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00138-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00138-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89327631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nutraceutical product, extracted from Cannabis sativa, modulates voltage-gated sodium channel function","authors":"C. Milligan, L. Anderson, M. Bowen, S. Banister, I. McGregor, J. Arnold, S. Petrou","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00136-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00136-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74928023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity between self-report and biochemical testing of cannabis and drugs among patients with traumatic injury: brief report","authors":"Kristin M. Salottolo, Emmett L. Mcguire, R. Madayag, A. Tanner, M. Carrick, D. Bar-Or","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00139-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00139-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84738390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Label accuracy of unregulated cannabidiol (CBD) products: measured concentration vs. label claim.","authors":"Erin Johnson,&nbsp;Michael Kilgore,&nbsp;Shanna Babalonis","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00140-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00140-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The legalization of hemp in the USA has led to tremendous growth in the availability of hemp-derived products, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) products. The lack of regulatory oversight in this industry has resulted in the marketing and sale of CBD products with questionable ingredients and quality. The aim of the current study was to examine the CBD content in 80 commercially available hemp-derived CBD products purchased from online and local retailers. Epidiolex® was also included in the study as a positive control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hemp-derived CBD products were selected to represent products readily available to residents of Central Kentucky. The samples were comprised of local and national brands produced in a variety of locations inside and outside of Kentucky. The products were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the analytical findings were compared to the label claims for CBD content. Descriptive statistics and normal-based confidence intervals were calculated using Microsoft Excel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The label claims for CBD content ranged from 7.5 to 60 mg/mL, while LC-MS/MS analysis detected a range of 2.9 to 61.3 mg/mL. Of the 80 products evaluated, 37 contained CBD concentrations that were at least ± 10% different than the concentration listed on the label (range of 0.9 to 30.6 mg/mL from label claim) - 12 products contained < 90%, while 25 products contained > 110%. The degree of concordance for the samples tested using ± 10% tolerance from label claim was 54%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest that additional regulation is required to ensure label accuracy as nearly half of the products in this study were not properly labelled (i.e., not within a ± 10% margin of error). Consumers and practitioners should remain cautious of unregulated and often-mislabeled CBD products due to the risks of taking too much CBD (e.g., drug-drug interactions, liver enzyme elevations, increased side effects) and the consequences of taking too little (e.g., no clinical benefits due to underdosing). The results of this study support the continued need for good manufacturing practices and testing standards for CBD products.</p>","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9169299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10519637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THC and CBD affect metabolic syndrome parameters including microbiome in mice fed high fat-cholesterol diet","authors":"Jonathan Gorelick, Tal Assa-Glazer, Gil Zandani, Anna Altberg, N. Sela, A. Nyska, Z. Madar","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00137-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00137-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"27 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72594560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How and why adults use cannabis during physical activity.","authors":"Whitney L Ogle,&nbsp;Gregg J Gold,&nbsp;Lukas E Coppen,&nbsp;Claire Copriviza","doi":"10.1186/s42238-022-00134-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42238-022-00134-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With increased legalization of cannabis, users are combining cannabis with exercise. The purpose of this study is to understand how and why people use cannabis when participating in physical activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of cannabis users participated in an anonymous online survey created by the authors regarding exercise habits while under the influence of cannabis, perceived benefits, unanticipated experiences related to cannabis and exercise, and demographics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred thirty-one respondents (18-55 years) were eligible and began the survey. Nearly 60 physical activities under the influence of cannabis were reported. The most frequently reported modes of exercise included hiking (60%), yoga (58%), and aerobic machines (50%). The primary reasons for using cannabis before exercise were \"helping to focus/concentrate\" (66%), \"helping enjoy the exercise experience\" (65%), and \"enhancing mind-body-spirit connection\" (65%). Thirty-three participants reported \"yes\" or \"maybe\" regarding having an experience they \"didn't anticipate or desire while exercising under the influence of cannabis.\"</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Participants' reasons for exercising with cannabis span the physiological, psychological, neuromotor, and even spiritual domains. However, some reported an undesired experience when pairing cannabis with exercise. While this was an online survey with a small sample size, our results agree with and contribute to the growing research investigating cannabis use and physical activity participation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found considerable heterogeneity in types of physical activity participation under the influence of cannabis, as well as perceived benefits of use. This study provides directions to further explore the risks and benefits of combining cannabis with physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15172,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cannabis Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9115925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10242779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}