{"title":"Population Monotonicity of Non-deterministic Computable Aggregations","authors":"L. Magdalena, D. Gómez, L. Garmendia, J. Montero","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494508","url":null,"abstract":"Computable aggregation operators can be seen as a generalization of aggregation operators where the mathematical function is replaced by a program that performs the aggregation process. This extension allows the introduction of new aggregation processes not feasible under the classical framework. Particularly interesting are some non-deterministic processes widely considered to merge information. However, especially in non-deterministic processes, the extension of some of the well-known concepts for aggregation operators such as monotony, is needed. In this work, a new concept of monotonicity is proposed, from a probabilistic perspective, for non-deterministic computable aggregation operators. To be consistent, the concept coincides with the classical definition in the deterministic case. In addition, some cases of interest are analysed.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124418373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bayesian Pruned Random Rule Foams for XAI","authors":"A. K. Panda, B. Kosko","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494525","url":null,"abstract":"A random rule foam grows and combines several independent fuzzy rule-based systems by randomly sampling input-output data from a trained deep neural classifier. The random rule foam defines an interpretable proxy system for the sampled black-box classifier. The random foam gives the complete Bayesian posterior probabilities over the foam subsystems that contribute to the proxy system's output for a given pattern input. It also gives the Bayesian posterior over the if-then fuzzy rules in each of these constituent foams. The random foam also computes a conditional variance that describes the uncertainty in its predicted output given the random foam's learned rule structure. The mixture structure leads to bootstrap confidence intervals around the output. Using the Bayesian posterior probabilities to prune or discard low-probability sub-foams improves the system's classification accuracy. Simulations used the MNIST image data set of 60,000 gray-scale images of ten hand-written digits. Dropping the lowest-probability foams per input pattern brought the pruned random foam's classification accuracy nearly to that of the neural classifier. Posterior pruning outperformed simple accuracy pruning of a random foam and outperformed a random forest trained on the same neural classifier.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127717681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adrià Torrens Urrutia, M. Dolores Jiménez-López, Antoni Brosa-Rodríguez
{"title":"A Fuzzy Approach to Language Universals for NLP","authors":"Adrià Torrens Urrutia, M. Dolores Jiménez-López, Antoni Brosa-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494516","url":null,"abstract":"One of the currently biggest challenges in NLP is to develop multilingual language technology. Lack of data in low-resources languages poses great difficulty to NLP researchers and limits NLP technology's availability to a small number of resource-rich languages. It has been shown that linguistic typology and the knowledge of language universals can help NLP in the development of multilingual resources. To contribute to this research area, we present a fuzzy approach to language universals. Our proposal combines a constraint-based formalism with fuzzy logic to define a fuzzy-gradient model to characterize linguistic universals. This model will allow us to evaluate linguistic universals and to define a universal grammar. This universal grammar will be integrated into an automatic technique to infer from linguistic data the particular grammar of any understudied natural language.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132634779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam Kiersztyn, Paweł Karczmarek, Krystyna Kiersztyn, R. Lopucki, S. Grzegórski, W. Pedrycz
{"title":"The Concept of Granular Representation of the Information Potential of Variables","authors":"Adam Kiersztyn, Paweł Karczmarek, Krystyna Kiersztyn, R. Lopucki, S. Grzegórski, W. Pedrycz","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494582","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of research into Granular Computing, in particular information granules, the way of thinking about data has changed gradually. Researchers and practitioners do not consider only their specific properties, but also try to look at the data in a more general way, closer to the way people think. This kind of knowledge representation is expressed particularly in approaches based on linguistic modeling or fuzzy techniques such as fuzzy clustering, but also newer approaches related to the explanation of how artificial intelligence works on these data (so-called explainable artificial intelligence). Therefore, especially important from the point of view of the methodology of data research is an attempt to understand their potential as information granules. Such a kind of approach to data presentation and analysis may introduce considerations of a higher, more general level of abstraction, while at the same time reliably describing the network of relationships between the data and the observed information granules. In this study, we tackle this topic with particular emphasis on the problem of choosing a predictive model. In a series of numerical experiments based on both artificially generated data, ecological data on changes in bird arrival dates in the context of climate change, and COVID-19 infections data we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach built with a novel application of information potential granules.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128129823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Framework for Analyzing Fairness, Accountability, Transparency and Ethics: A Use-case in Banking Services","authors":"Ettore Mariotti, J. M. Alonso, R. Confalonieri","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494481","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce a novel framework to deal with fairness, accountability and explainability of intelligent systems. This framework puts together several tools to deal with bias at the level of data, algorithms and human cognition. The framework makes use of intelligent classifiers endowed with fuzzy-grounded linguistic explainability. As a result, it facilitates the exhaustive comparison of (white/grey/black)-box modelling techniques in combination with different strategies for handling missing values and unbalanced datasets. The proposal is evaluated on a realworld dataset in the context of banking services and reported results are encouraging.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132207957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets into Deep Embedding Clustering to Cope with Uncertainty","authors":"Kutay Bölat, T. Kumbasar","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494477","url":null,"abstract":"Working with unlabeled data carries the burden of uncertainties especially when the data are high-dimensional. Clustering is not an exception in this aspect and it requires special treatment. In this study, we propose to cope with the uncertainties which occur during clustering high-dimensional data with Interval Type-2 (IT2) Fuzzy Sets (FSs) and Deep Learning (DL) methods. Generation of the IT2-FSs is done with different cluster similarity functions parameterized with Interval Valued Parameters (IVPs). These parameters are introduced as the representations of the uncertainty in cluster assignments. As the backbone of the proposed method, Deep Embedding Clustering (DEC) is employed. The resulting IT2 fuzzy clustering inference is integrated into DEC so that both the inference and the training of the proposed model are operational in popular DL frameworks. Therefore, for a straightforward deployment, the constraints on IT2-FSs are redefined by introducing parameterization tricks upon IVPs. The presented comparative results indicate that coping with the uncertainties through IT2-FSs is superior to their baseline type-1 counterparts.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134639287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Possibilistic Optimization with Copula Function","authors":"R. Guillaume, A. Kasperski, P. Zieliński","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494572","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with a linear optimization problem with uncertain objective function coefficients modeled by possibility distributions. The fuzzy robust optimization framework is applied to compute a solution. Namely, the necessity degree that the objective value is lower than a given threshold is maximized. The aim of this paper is to take the knowledge on dependencies between the objective coefficients into account by means of a family of copula functions. It is shown that this new approach limits the conservatism of fuzzy robust optimization, better evaluates possibility distributions for the values of the objective function and do not increase the complexity of the problem.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132113056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen He, Rosa M. Rodríguez, Bapi Dutta, Luis Martínez
{"title":"Exploiting the type-1 OWA operator to fuse the ELICIT information","authors":"Wen He, Rosa M. Rodríguez, Bapi Dutta, Luis Martínez","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494400","url":null,"abstract":"In a group decision making (GDM) problem, the information is fused to obtain a collective result, which helps to choose the best solution/s to the problem. Recently, a new representation model called Extended Comparative Linguistic Expressions with Symbolic Translation (ELICIT), which extends the representation of the comparative linguistic expressions (CLEs) to a continuous domain combining the advantages of the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets and 2-tuple linguistic representation model has been proposed to model experts' preferences. Due to the need of fusing experts' preferences in GDM processes, it is convenient to have enough flexible aggregation operators for such processes. However, so far, only two aggregation operators have been introduced to aggregate ELICIT information in GDM problems, the fuzzy arithmetic mean operator and the Bonferroni mean operator. Thus, it seems necessary to define new aggregation operators with different features to model wide range of decision-making scenarios. One widely used operator to aggregate preferences in decision making is the OWA operator. The key issue to apply the OWA operator is the reordering process of the arguments. However, the ELICIT information does not have an inherent order because it is represented by a fuzzy number. Therefore, the aim of this contribution is to define the type-1 ELICIT OWA operator by using crisp and fuzzy weights, particularly interval weights, and define a multi-criteria group decision making model which applies the type-1 ELICIT OWA operator to fuse the information. Additionally, an experimental study is introduced to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed aggregation operator.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133814847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Renda, P. Ducange, G. Gallo, F. Marcelloni
{"title":"XAI Models for Quality of Experience Prediction in Wireless Networks","authors":"Alessandro Renda, P. Ducange, G. Gallo, F. Marcelloni","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494509","url":null,"abstract":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is expected to play a key role in the design phase of next generation cellular networks. As 5G is being implemented and 6G is just in the conceptualization stage, it is increasingly clear that AI will be essential to manage the ever-growing complexity of the network. However, AI models will not only be required to deliver high levels of performance, but also high levels of explainability. In this paper we show how fuzzy models may be well suited to address this challenge. We compare fuzzy and classical decision tree models with a Random Forest (RF) classifier on a Quality of Experience classification dataset. The comparison suggests that, in our setting, fuzzy decision trees are easier to interpret and perform comparably or even better than classical ones in identifying stall events in a video streaming application. The accuracy drop with respect to RF classifier, which is considered to be a black-box ensemble model, is counterbalanced by a significant gain in terms of explainability.","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"23 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florence Dupin de Saint-Cyr -- Bannay, R. Guillaume
{"title":"Qualitative Bipolar Decision Frameworks Viewed as Pessimistic/Optimistic Utilities","authors":"Florence Dupin de Saint-Cyr -- Bannay, R. Guillaume","doi":"10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494517","url":null,"abstract":"A bipolar structure called BLF expresses knowledge about decisions in terms of decision principles that are ranked and polarized according to the utility of the consequences of these decisions. A BLF allows us to compare decisions under incomplete knowledge. For a given decision, the BLF returns a vector of utility/dis-utility in terms of achievement of positive/negative goals. Decisions are compared thanks to these vectors. In this paper we focus on the link between the uncertain knowledge aggregation made by the BLF and classical aggregation functions used in decision under uncertainty and multi-criteria approaches. The main benefit of a BLF is that thanks to the bipolar scale, positive and negative goals can be dealt with independently under their own point of view (each of them being either pessimistic or optimistic).","PeriodicalId":151289,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122604822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}