Xuchi Pan, Kun Xie, Keyu Chen, Ziyu He, Kozue Sakao, D. Hou
{"title":"Involvement of AMP-activated Protein Kinase α/Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-derived 2) Like 2-iniatived Signaling Pathway in Cytoprotective Effects of Wasabi 6-(Methylsulfinyl) Hexyl Isothiocyanate","authors":"Xuchi Pan, Kun Xie, Keyu Chen, Ziyu He, Kozue Sakao, D. Hou","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.58","url":null,"abstract":"6-(Methylsulfinyl) hexyl isothiocyanate (6-MSITC) is an active ingredient present in Wasabi, which is a popular pungent spice used in Japanese cuisine. Our previous studies suggested that the primary antioxidant activity of 6-MSITC may link to other biological activity. This study aimed to clarify how the antioxidant activity of 6-MSITC contributes to preventing overloaded lipid stress in hepatic cell model. HepG2 cells were treated with 6-MSITC at defined concentrations and times in normal medium or in combined fatty acids (CFA) medium, and the targeted proteins were detected by Western blotting. The kinetic data revealed that 6-MSITC activated AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like 2 (Nrf2), and then enhanced the protein expression of Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and Sirtuin1 as well as that of the Nrf2 target proteins, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase (HO-1). Furthermore, lipid metabolic stress was mimicked in HepG2 cells by overloading CFA. 6-MSITC significantly alleviated CFA-induced formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and fat accumulation. Signaling analysis data revealed that 6-MSITC enhanced phosphorylation of AMPKα, upregulated the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, heme oxygenase 1, FOXO1, and Siruin1, and downregulated the expression of PPARα. Taken together, our results suggested that the AMPKα/Nrf2-mediated signaling pathways might be involved in the cytoprotective effects of Wasabi 6-MSITC against metabolic lipid stress.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"58 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44555630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Issrani, J. Reddy, T. H. E. Dabah, Namdeo Prabhu
{"title":"Role of Oral Microbiota in Carcinogenesis: A Short Review","authors":"R. Issrani, J. Reddy, T. H. E. Dabah, Namdeo Prabhu","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"A strong and healthy microbiome is responsible for homeostasis between the host and microbiota which is necessary to achieve the normal functioning of the body. Dysbiosis provokes prevalence of pathogenic microbes, leading to alterations in gene expression profiles and metabolic processes. This in turn results in anomalous immune responses of the host. Dysbiosis may be associated with a wide variety of diseases like irritable bowel syndrome, coeliac disease, allergic conditions, bronchitis, asthma, heart diseases and oncogenesis. Presently, the links between oral microbial consortia and their functions, not only in the preservation of homeostasis but also pathogenesis of several malignancies have gained much awareness from the scientific community. The primary intent of this review is to highlight the dynamic role of oral microbiome in oncogenesis and its progression through various mechanisms. A literature search was conducted using multiple databases comprising of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane electronic databases with keywords including microbiome, microbiota, carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and immunosuppression. Current and the past literature has pointed out the role of microorganisms in oncogenesis. It may be put forth that both the commensal and pathogenic strains of oral microbiome play an undeniably conspicuous role in carcinogenesis at different body sites.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"16 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45295381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moon-Young Song, Da-Young Lee, Sang-Yong Park, Seul A. Seo, Jeong-Seung Hwang, S. Heo, Eun-Hee Kim
{"title":"Steamed Ginger Extract Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects in Helicobacter pylori-infected Gastric Epithelial Cells through Inhibition of NF-κB","authors":"Moon-Young Song, Da-Young Lee, Sang-Yong Park, Seul A. Seo, Jeong-Seung Hwang, S. Heo, Eun-Hee Kim","doi":"10.15430/jcp.2022.27.1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/jcp.2022.27.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"[This corrects the article on p. 289 in vol. 26, PMID: 35047455.].","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"77 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44695348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nakayama, Dong Wang, Sau-Yee Kok, H. Oshima, M. Oshima
{"title":"Genetic Alterations and Microenvironment that Drive Malignant Progression of Colorectal Cancer: Lessons from Mouse and Organoid Models","authors":"M. Nakayama, Dong Wang, Sau-Yee Kok, H. Oshima, M. Oshima","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive genome analyses have identified frequently mutated genes in human colorectal cancers (CRC). These include APC, KRAS, SMAD4, TP53, and FBXW7. The biological functions of the respective gene products in cell proliferation and homeostasis have been intensively examined by in vitro experiments. However, how each gene mutation or combinations of specific mutations drive malignant progression of CRC in vivo has not been fully understood. Based on the genomic information, we generated mouse models that carry multiple mutations of CRC driver genes in various combinations, and we performed comprehensive histological analyses to link genetic alteration(s) and tumor phenotypes, including liver metastasis. In this review article, we summarize the phenotypes of the respective genetic models carrying major driver mutations and discuss a possible mechanism of mutations underlying malignant progression.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42678694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jagadeesh, Xizhu Fang, S. Kim, Yanymee N Guillen-Quispe, Jie Zheng, Y. Surh, Su-jung Kim
{"title":"Non-canonical vs. Canonical Functions of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Cancer","authors":"A. Jagadeesh, Xizhu Fang, S. Kim, Yanymee N Guillen-Quispe, Jie Zheng, Y. Surh, Su-jung Kim","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a critical stress-responsive enzyme that has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. HO-1 catalyzes heme degradation, which gives rise to the formation of carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and iron. The upregulation of HO-1 under pathological conditions associated with cellular stress represents an important cytoprotective defense mechanism by virtue of the anti-oxidant properties of the bilirubin and the anti-inflammatory effect of the CO produced. The same mechanism is hijacked by premalignant and cancerous cells. In recent years, however, there has been accumulating evidence supporting that the upregulation of HO-1 promotes cancer progression, independently of its catalytic activity. Such non-canonical functions of HO-1 are associated with its interaction with other proteins, particularly transcription factors. HO-1 also undergoes post-translational modifications that influence its stability, functional activity, cellular translocation, etc. HO-1 is normally present in the endoplasmic reticulum, but distinct subcellular localizations, especially in the nucleus, are observed in multiple cancers. The nuclear HO-1 modulates the activation of various transcription factors, which does not appear to be mediated by carbon monoxide and iron. This commentary summarizes the non-canonical functions of HO-1 in the context of cancer growth and progression and underlying regulatory mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"7 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46314756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mannose Attenuates Colitis-Associated Colorectal Tumorigenesis by Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages","authors":"Qinglong Liu, Xiaojing Li, Hao Zhang, Haitao Li","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Mannose has recently drawn extensive attention for its substantial anti-cancer activities, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mannose on experimental colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis and underlying mechanisms. Data clearly showed that at plasma concentrations achieved after oral administration, mannose slightly affected malignancy of tumor cells or tumor promoter-induced transformation of pre-neoplastic cells, but substantially suppressed manifestation of the M2-like phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in a cancer cell and macrophage co-culture model. Mechanistically, mannose might greatly impair the production of tumor cell-derived lactate which has a critical role in the functional polarization of TAMs. Importantly, oral administration of mannose protected mice against colitis-associated colorectal tumorigenesis by normalizing TAM polarization. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of TAMs in colorectal tumorigenesis, and provide a rationale for introducing mannose supplementation to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"31 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46148264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jong-Su Kang, Xin Yi Zhao, J. Lee, Jeong-Sang Lee, Y. Keum
{"title":"Ethanol Extract of Chaenomeles sinensis Inhibits the Development of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Exhibiting Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects","authors":"Jong-Su Kang, Xin Yi Zhao, J. Lee, Jeong-Sang Lee, Y. Keum","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"Chaenomeles sinensis is known to inhibit the development and progression of many age-related diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. In the present study, we observed that the ethanol extract of Chaenomeles sinensis scavenged 2,2’-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azinobis diammonium radicals in vitro. The ethanol extract of Chaenomeles sinensis activated antioxidant response element-luciferase activity and induced expression of NRF2 target genes in HaCaT cells. The ethanol extract of Chaenomeles sinensis also suppressed LPS-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS proteins, and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-2 in RAW264.7 cells. Finally, the ethanol extract of Chaenomeles sinensis significantly suppressed testosterone propionate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in mice. Together, our study provides the evidence that the ethanol extract of Chaenomeles sinensis inhibits the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia by exhibiting anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"42 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45808010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinyoung Suh, Do-Hee Kim, Su-jung Kim, N. Cho, Yeon-Hwa Lee, Jeong-Hoon Jang, Y. Surh
{"title":"Nuclear Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 in Breast Cancer Cells Interacting with Cancer Associated Fibroblasts","authors":"Jinyoung Suh, Do-Hee Kim, Su-jung Kim, N. Cho, Yeon-Hwa Lee, Jeong-Hoon Jang, Y. Surh","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2022.27.1.68","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent a major component of the tumor microenvironment and interplay with cancer cells by secreting cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins. When estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with the CAF-conditioned medium (CAF-CM), Akt and STAT3 involved in cell proliferation and survival were activated through phosphorylation. CAFs secrete fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), thereby stimulating breast cancer cell progression. Akt activation induced by CAF-CM in MDA-MB-231 cells was abolished when FGF2-neutralizing antibody was added. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells directly with FGF2 enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and the FGF receptor (FGFR) substrate, FRS2α. These events were abrogated by siRNA-mediated silencing of FGFR1. In a xenograft mouse model, co-injection of MDA-MB-231 cells with activated fibroblasts expressing FGF2 dramatically enhanced activation of Akt. Stable knockdown of FGFR1 blunted Akt phosphorylation in xenograft tumors. MDA-MB-231 cells co-cultured with CAFs or directly stimulated with FGF2 exhibited enhanced nuclear localization of FGFR1. Notably, FGF2 stimulation produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in MDA-MB-231 cells, and FGF2-induced nuclear accumulation of FGFR1 was abrogated by the ROS scavenging agent, N-acetylcysteine.","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"27 1","pages":"68 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42801317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Young Jang, Eun Young Ko, Ji Soo Jung, Kyung Nam Kang, Yeon Soo Kim, Chul Woo Kim
{"title":"Evaluation of the Value of Multiplex MicroRNA Analysis as a Breast Cancer Screening in Korean Women under 50 Years of Age with a High Proportion of Dense Breasts.","authors":"Ji Young Jang, Eun Young Ko, Ji Soo Jung, Kyung Nam Kang, Yeon Soo Kim, Chul Woo Kim","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to confirm the performance of the microRNA (miRNA) biomarker combination as a new breast cancer screening method in Korean women under the age of 50 with a high percentage of dense breasts. To determine the classification performance of a set of miRNA biomarkers (miR-1246, 202, 21, and 219B) useful for breast cancer screening, we determined whether there was a significant difference between the breast cancer and healthy control groups through box plots and the Mann-Whitney U-test, which was further examined in detail by age group. To verify the classification performance of the 4 miRNA biomarker set, 4 classification methods (logistic regression, random forest, XGBoost, and generalized linear model plus random forest) were applied, and 10-fold cross-validation was used as a validation method to improve performance stability. We confirmed that the best breast cancer detection performance was achievable in patients under 50 years of age when the set of 4 miRNAs were used. Under the age of 50, the 4 miRNA biomarkers showed the highest performance with a sensitivity of 85.29%, specificity of 93.33%, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.961. Examining the results of 4 miRNA biomarkers was found to be an effective strategy for diagnosing breast cancer in Korean women under 50 years of age with dense breasts, and hence has the potential as a new breast cancer screening tool. Further validation in an appropriate screening population with large-scale clinical trials is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"26 4","pages":"258-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/d5/jcp-26-4-258.PMC8749312.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39834087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epithelial Cell-specific Deletion of Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 Does Not Influence Colon Tumor Development in Mice.","authors":"Masako Nakanishi, Daniel W Rosenberg","doi":"10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.304","DOIUrl":"10.15430/JCP.2021.26.4.304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activation of the COX-2/microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)/prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) signaling axis is a hallmark of many cancers, including colorectal cancer, prompting the implementation of prevention strategies targeting COX-2 activity. We have previously shown that targeting the downstream terminal PGE<sub>2</sub> synthase, mPGES-1 (<i>Ptges</i>), specifically reduces inducible PGE<sub>2</sub> formation without disrupting synthesis of other essential prostanoids, thereby conferring dramatic cancer protection against colon carcinogenesis in multiple mouse models. In order to accelerate its development as a viable drug target, and to better understand the mechanisms by which PGE<sub>2</sub> influences colon carcinogenesis, we recently developed a conditional <i>Ptges</i> knockout mouse model (<i>cKO</i>). To evaluate the functional role of <i>Ptges</i> directly within the colonic epithelia, <i>cKO</i> mice were crossed with <i>carbonic anhydrase 1</i> (<i>Car1</i>)-<i>Cre</i> mice (<i>cKO</i>.<i>Car1</i>), and colon tumors were induced using the azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate protocol. Unexpectedly, epithelial-specific blockade of <i>Ptges</i> failed to protect mice against colon tumor development. Further studies using the <i>cKO</i> mouse model will be necessary to pinpoint the cell type-specific location of mPGES-1 and its control of inducible PGE<sub>2</sub> formation that drives tumor formation in the colon.</p>","PeriodicalId":15120,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cancer Prevention","volume":"26 4","pages":"304-308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/01/jcp-26-4-304.PMC8749314.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39834490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}