Journal of Basic Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Deciphering Indigenous Bacterial Diversity of Co-Polluted Sites to Unravel Its Bioremediation Potential: A Metagenomic Approach","authors":"Manoj Kumar,&nbsp;Harvinder Singh Saini","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400303","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400303","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polluted drains across the globe are affected due to reckless disposal of untreated industrial effluents resulting in significant water pollution affecting microbial community structure/dynamics. To elucidate this, polluted samples were collected from Budha Nala (BN) drain, Tung Dhab (TD) drain, and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) receiving an inflow of organic pollutants as well as heavy metals due to anthropogenic activities. The sample of unpolluted pristine soil (PS) was used as control, as there is no history of usage of organic chemicals at this site. The bacterial diversity of these samples was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform by amplifying the V3/V4 region of 16S rRNA. The majority of operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) at polluted sites belonged to phyla Proteobacteria specifically Gammaproteobacteria class, followed by Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, WS6, and TM7, whereas unpolluted site revealed the prevalence of Proteobacteria followed by Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Nitrospirae. The data sets decode unclassified species of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and WS6, along with some unclassified bacterial species. The study provided a comparative study of changed microbial community structure, their possible functions across diverse geographical locations, and identifying specific bacterial genera as pollution bio-indicators of aged polluted drains.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover: Journal of Basic Microbiology. 7/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202470061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202470061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Cover illustration:</b></p><p>Endophytic fungi, microscopic organisms that reside in plant tissues without causing visible damage to the host plant, are essential for plant growth and survival. Candelilla (<i>Euphorbia antisyphilitica</i> Zucc.), a plant that thrives in semidesert conditions, relies heavily on symbiotic collaboration with these endophytic fungi for survival. Among these, the strain <i>Aspergillus niger</i> ITD-IN 4.1, identified as an endophyte after its isolation from the roots of candelilla (<i>Euphorbia antisyphilitica</i> Zucc.), stands out.</p><p>(Photo: Itzel C. Nuñez-García, Depto. de Ing. Química-Bioquímica.Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango)\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202470061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Journal of Basic Microbiology. 7/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202470062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202470062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202470062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Insightful Overview of Microbial Biosurfactant: A Promising Next-Generation Biomolecule for Sustainable Future","authors":"Athira Thundiparambil Venu,&nbsp;Jasna Vijayan,&nbsp;Mohamed Hatha Abdulla Ammanamveetil,&nbsp;Krishnan Kottekkattu Padinchati","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202300757","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202300757","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microbial biosurfactant is an emerging vital biomolecule of the 21st century. They are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms and possess unique properties to reduce surface tension activity. The use of microbial surfactants spans most of the industrial fields due to their biodegradability, less toxicity, being environmentally safe, and being synthesized from renewable sources. These would be highly efficient eco-friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived surfactants that would open up new approaches to research on the production of biosurfactants. In the upcoming era, biobased surfactants will become a dominating multifunctional compound in the world market. Research on biosurfactants ranges from the search for novel microorganisms that can produce new molecules, structural and physiochemical characterization of biosurfactants, and fermentation process for enhanced large-scale productivity and green applications. The main goal of this review is to provide an overview of the recent state of knowledge and trends about microbially derived surfactants, various aspects of biosurfactant production, definition, properties, characteristics, diverse advances, and applications. This would lead a long way in the production of biosurfactants as globally successful biomolecules of the current century.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview on Nocardiopsis Species Originating From North African Biotopes as a Promising Source of Bioactive Compounds and In Silico Genome Mining Analysis of Three Sequenced Genomes","authors":"Rima Ouchene,&nbsp;Nawel Zaatout,&nbsp;Marcelino T. Suzuki","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Actinobacteria are renowned for their prolific production of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on exploring “rare” genera within this phylum for biodiscovery purposes, notably the <i>Nocardiopsis</i> genus, which will be the subject of the present study. Recognizing the absence of articles describing the research process of finding bioactive molecules from the genus <i>Nocardiopsis</i> in North African environments. We, therefore, present a historical overview of the discoveries of bioactive molecules of the genus <i>Nocardiopsis</i> originating from the region, highlighting their biological activities and associated reported molecules, providing a snapshot of the current state of the field, and offering insights into future opportunities and challenges for drug discovery. Additionally, we present a genome mining analysis of three genomes deposited in public databases that have been reported to be bioactive. A total of 36 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified, including those known to encode bioactive molecules. Notably, a substantial portion of the BGCs showed little to no similarity to those previously described, suggesting the possibility that the analyzed strains could be potential producers of new compounds. Further research on these genomes is essential to fully uncovering their biotechnological potential. Moving forward, we discuss the experimental designs adopted in the reported studies, as well as new avenues to guide the exploration of the <i>Nocardiopsis</i> genus in North Africa.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of cspA on the Preparation of Escherichia coli Competent Cells by Calcium Chloride Method","authors":"Xiaona Chen,&nbsp;Ning Zhu,&nbsp;Guangrui Yang,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Guo,&nbsp;Shangchen Sun,&nbsp;Feifan Leng,&nbsp;Yonggang Wang","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One of the fundamental techniques in genetic engineering is the creation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> competent cells using the CaCl₂ method. However, little is known about the mechanism of <i>E. coli</i> competence formation. We have previously found that the <i>cspA</i> gene may play an indispensable role in the preparation of <i>E. coli</i> DH5α competent cells through multiomics analysis. In the present study, the cellular localization, physicochemical properties, and function of the protein expressed by the <i>cspA</i> gene were analyzed. To investigate the role of the <i>cspA</i> gene in <i>E. coli</i> transformation, <i>cspA-</i>deficient mutant was constructed by red homologous recombination. The growth, transformation efficiency, and cell morphology of the <i>cspA-</i>deficient strain and <i>E. coli</i> were compared. It was found that there were no noticeable differences in growth and morphology between <i>E. coli</i> and the <i>cspA-</i>deficient strain cultured at 37°C, but the mutant exhibited increased transformation efficiencies compared to <i>E. coli</i> DH5α for plasmids pUC19, pET-32a, and p1304, with enhancements of 2.23, 2.24, and 3.46 times, respectively. It was proved that <i>cspA</i> gene is an important negative regulatory gene in the CaCl₂ preparation of competent cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202400113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification, Characterization, and Assessment of Anticancer Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Novel Thermophilic Bacillus tequilensis ASFS1‏","authors":"Naghmeh Satarzadeh,&nbsp;Mojtaba Shakibaie,&nbsp;Hamid Forootanfar,&nbsp;Bagher Amirheidari","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), are a fascinating group of nanoparticles that have been considerably investigated for biomedical applications because of their superparamagnetic properties, biodegradable nature, and biocompatibility. A novel Gram-positive moderately thermophilic bacterial strain, namely <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> ASFS.1, was isolated and identified. This strain is capable of producing superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and exhibiting magnetotaxis behavior. This strain swimming behavior was investigated under static and dynamic environments, where it behaved very much similar to the magnetotaxis in magnetotactic bacteria. This study is the first report of a bacterium from the <i>Bacillaceae</i> family that has the potential to intracellular biosynthesis of IONPs. MNPs were separated by a magnetic and reproducible method which was designed for the first time for this study. In addition, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis were utilized to characterize the bio-fabricated magnetite nanoparticles. Analysis of the particle size distribution pattern of the biogenic MNPs by FESEM imaging revealed the size range of 10–100 nm with the size range of 10–40 nm MNPs being the most frequent particles. VSM analysis demonstrated that biogenic MNPs displayed superparamagnetic properties with a high saturation magnetization value of 184 emu/g. After 24 h treatment of 3T3, U87, A549, MCF-7, and HT-29 cell lines with the biogenic MNPs, IC₅₀ values were measured to be 339, 641, 582, 149, and 184 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. This study presents the novel strain ASFS.1 capable of magnetotaxis by the aid of its magnetite nanoparticles and paving information on isolation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of its MNPs. The MNPs showed promising potential for biomedical applications, obviously subject to additional studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altitudinal Impact on Phytochemical Composition and Mycorrhizal Diversity of Taxus Contorta Griff in the Temperate Forest of Shimla District","authors":"Saurav Chauhan,&nbsp;Rajni Dhalaria,&nbsp;Shankharoop Ghoshal,&nbsp;K.S. Kanwal,&nbsp;Rachna Verma","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Taxus contorta</i> (family Taxaceae) is a native plant of temperate region of western Himalaya. The current study investigated the effect of altitude on the phytochemical composition and mycorrhizal diversity, associated with distribution of <i>T. contorta</i> in Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh, India. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts indicated that alkaloid levels decreased with altitude, with the highest value in Himri's methanol extracts (72.79 ± 1.08 mg/g) while phenol content increased with altitude, peaking in Nankhari's methanol extracts (118.83 ± 5.90 mg/g). Saponin content was higher in methanol extracts (78.13 ± 1.66 mg/g in Nankhari, 68.06 ± 1.92 mg/g in Pabbas, and 56.32 ± 1.93 mg/g in Himri). Flavonoid levels were notably higher in chloroform extracts, particularly in Nankhari (219.97 ± 2.99 mg/g), and positively correlated with altitude. Terpenoids were higher in chloroform extracts at Himri (11.34 ± 0.10 mg/g) and decreased with altitude. Taxol content showed minimal variation between solvents and altitudes (4.53–6.98 ppm), while rutin was only detected in methanol extracts (1.31–1.46 ppm). Mycorrhizal spore counts in <i>T. contorta'</i>s rhizosphere varied with altitude: highest at Himri (77.83 ± 2.20 spores/50 g soil), decreasing to Pabbas (68.06 ± 1.96 spores/50 g soil) and lowest at Nankhari (66.00 ± 2.77 spores/50 g soil), with 17 AMF species identified overall, showing significant altitudinal influence on spore density. The rhizosphere of <i>T. contorta</i> was shown to be dominated by the <i>Glomus</i> species. The rhizospheric soil of the plant was found to be slightly acidic. Organic carbon and available potassium content decreased contrasting with increasing available nitrogen and phosphorus with altitude. Correlation data showed strong negative links between organic carbon (−0.83), moderate positive for nitrogen (0.46) and phosphorus (0.414), and moderate negative for potassium (−0.56) with the altitude. This study provides a comprehensive insight into changes in phytochemical constituents, mycorrhizal diversity and soil composition of <i>T. contorta</i> along a range of altitude.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Streptomycetes: A Powerful Tool to Synthesize Diverse Nanoparticles With Multifarious Properties","authors":"Muhammad Sultan Anjum,&nbsp;Shazia Khaliq,&nbsp;Neelma Ashraf,&nbsp;Munir Ahmad Anwar,&nbsp;Kalsoom Akhtar","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanobiotechnology has gained significant attention due to its capacity to generate substantial benefits through the integration of microbial biotechnology and nanotechnology. Among microbial organisms, Actinomycetes, particularly the prominent genus Streptomycetes, have garnered attention for their prolific production of antibiotics. Streptomycetes have emerged as pivotal contributors to the discovery of a substantial number of antibiotics and play a dominant role in combating infectious diseases on a global scale. Despite the noteworthy progress achieved through the development and utilization of antibiotics to combat infectious pathogens, the prevalence of infectious diseases remains a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly and children. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens has diminished the efficacy of antibiotics in recent decades. Nevertheless, Streptomycetes continue to demonstrate their potential by producing bioactive metabolites for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Streptomycetes are instrumental in producing nanoparticles with diverse bioactive characteristics, including antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles have exhibited a meaningful reduction in the impact of antibiotic resistance, providing resources for the development of new and effective drugs. This review succinctly outlines the significant applications of Streptomycetes as a crucial element in nanoparticle synthesis, showcasing their potential for diverse and enhanced beneficial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202400129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Biocontrol Efficacy and Antioxidant Potential of Phellinus caribaeo-quercicola—A First Report Dual-Action Endophyte From Inula racemosa Hook. F.","authors":"Misbah Majid,&nbsp;Abdul H. Wani,&nbsp;Bashir A. Ganai","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400080","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Phellinus caribaeo-quercicola</i> is a basidiomycetous fungus, isolated as an endophyte in this study from the healthy and symptomless leaves of <i>Inula racemosa</i> Hook. f., an important medicinal herb growing in Kashmir Himalaya. This study combines morphological, molecular and phylogenetic techniques to identify the fungal endophyte, using the ITS sequence of nrDNA. A detached leaf assay was conducted to assess the pathogenicity of the fungal endophyte suggesting its mutually symbiotic relationship with the host. The authors also investigated the antifungal potential of the isolated endophytic strain to ascertain its use as a biocontrol agent. The study shows that <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i> INL3-2 strain exhibits biocontrol activity against four key fungal phytopathogens that cause significant agronomic and economic losses: <i>Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani</i>, and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>. Notably, <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i> INL3-2 strain is highly effective against <i>A. flavus</i>, with an inhibition percentage of 57.63%. In addition, this study investigates the antioxidant activity of <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i> INL3-2 strain crude extracts using ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. The results showed that the methanolic fraction of <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i> exhibits potential as an antioxidant agent, with an IC₅₀ value of 171.90 ± 1.15 µg/mL. This investigation is first of its kind and marks the initial report of this fungal basidiomycete, <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i>, as an endophyte associated with a medicinal plant. The findings of this study highlight the potential of <i>P. caribaeo-quercicola</i> INL3-2 strain as a dual-action agent with both biocontrol and antioxidant properties consistent with the medicinal properties of <i>Inula racemosa</i>. This endophytic fungus could be a promising source of natural compounds for use in agriculture, medicine, and beyond.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"64 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141528457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}