Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Inmates, Prison Staff and Soldiers Regarding <i>Cimex lectularius</i> (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in Mazandaran Prisons.","authors":"Seyed Hassan Nikookar,&nbsp;Ali Jafari,&nbsp;Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan,&nbsp;Razieh Shabani-Kordshouli,&nbsp;Jamshid Yazdani-Charati,&nbsp;Nasir Talebi-Hajikolaee,&nbsp;Ahmadali Enayati","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13621","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bed bugs (<i>Cimex lectularius</i>) are blood-sucking insects that bite humans usually at night and cause nuisance, psychological and social problems. These insects are considered a health hazard in densely populated places such as prisons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of inmates, soldiers, and prison staff regarding bed bugs in Mazandaran prisons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive-analytical study in which 450 inmates and 210 staff (105 personnel and 105 soldiers) from prisons of Mazandaran Province were included in the study. Data on knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participants regarding bed bugs were collected using a structured questionnaire. To determine the relative content validity coefficient, the questionnaire was assessed by 10 specialists in terms of difficulty, inappropriateness, and ambiguity of the phrases. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using Cronbach's Alpha and then the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum mean scores of knowledges, attitude, and practice between the three target groups were 16.42%, 44.07% and 71.21% respectively. Prison staff had the highest knowledge and practice, and inmates showed the highest attitude regarding bed bugs. There was no significant difference between the knowledge and attitude of inmates, prison staff and soldiers (P> 0.05) but there was a significant difference in their practice (P< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of this study confirmed that all three groups of people in the prisons need appropriate education regarding all aspects of bed bug including its control.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2a/d5/JAD-17-165.PMC10562201.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomics Characterization of <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> Intestinal Microbiota as Major Vector of Tick-Borne Diseases in Domestic Animals.","authors":"Manijeh Yousefi-Behzadi,&nbsp;Atefeh Mehrabi,&nbsp;Mozhgan Ahmadinezhad,&nbsp;Mahdi Rohani,&nbsp;Saied Reza Naddaf,&nbsp;Amin Bagheri,&nbsp;Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi,&nbsp;Ebrahim Maghsoudlou,&nbsp;Nooshin Mojahed,&nbsp;Leila Mounesan,&nbsp;Zahra Tahmasebi,&nbsp;Aria Sohrabi,&nbsp;Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri,&nbsp;Zahra Salehi,&nbsp;Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13620","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the microbiota of disease vectors can help for developing new strategies to prevent the transmission of vector pathogens. <i>Ixodes ricinus</i> is one of the most notorious tick vectors with increasing importance in Iran and other parts of the world while there is limited data on its microbiota. This study aimed to use metagenomics for identifying the <i>I. ricinus</i> tick's microbiota of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 39 adult ticks were collected from Mazandaran (21 females), Gilan (17 females), and Golestan (1 male). Five tick pools prepared from 39 adults of <i>I. ricinus</i> were subjected to metagenomics analysis. The data were analyzed by targeting the V6 region of the 16S rRNA gene by Illumina 4000 Hiseq sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among hundreds of intestinal microbiota identified by metagenomics, various pathogenic microorganisms distributed in 30 genera and species including those responsible for tick-borne diseases resided in the genera <i>Coxiella</i>, <i>Rickettsia</i>, and <i>Burkholderia</i> were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicated that metagenomics identifies bacteria genera and species which cannot be easily recognized by routine methods. The presence of such pathogenic bacteria indicates the importance of possible zoonotic diseases in this region which could affect public health. These results further substantiate the importance of advanced metagenomics analyses to identify neglected tick-borne pathogens which enable researchers to provide efficient mapping roads for the management of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"152-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/80/11/JAD-17-152.PMC10562206.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outreach Vector Control Worker's Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Mosquito Control and Associated Diseases.","authors":"Shafia Saba,&nbsp;Unsar Naeem-Ullah,&nbsp;Shafqat Saeed,&nbsp;Ishtiaq A Rajwana,&nbsp;Alamgir Akhtar Khan","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13619","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mosquito Control Programs are articulated to control Mosquito Borne Diseases and success of such programs depends on the activities of field workers, and their adherence to the standard operating procedures (SOP's) is governed by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Present study was intended to assess the KAP of mosquito control workers of Pakistan to get an exact depiction of prevailing situation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in March-April 2020. Questionnaire containing 30 closed and open-ended questions were administrated to participants. Knowledge and practices were evaluated using a scoring system i.e., by giving 1 point to each correct answer while attitude questions were analyzed individually and expressed in percentage for each response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total 639 workers were interviewed, mean age was 29.8 (SD ±7.87) years, majority (65.1%) was in age group of 18-30 years. Mean knowledge score was 6.96±1.28 (range 0-9) with 77.36% correct answers (P= 0.073). Mean practices score was 7.00±1.62 (range 2-9) with 77.83% appropriate answers (P< 0.001). Both knowledge and practices scores were higher for permanent employees, practices score increased with increase in job experience. Very weak positive correlation (r= 0.127) was observed between knowledge and practice scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Appropriate practice correlates with better knowledge and positive attitude towards control activities. Hence, training on protection and protective measures for having a positive attitude among healthcare workers is necessary against the fight with mosquitoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"138-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/89/JAD-17-138.PMC10562202.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide Status of Insecticide Resistance of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i>, Vectors of Arboviruses of Chikungunya, Dengue, Zika and Yellow Fever.","authors":"Tahereh Sadat Asgarian, Hassan Vatandoost, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Fatemeh Nikpoor","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13198","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Controlling of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i>, vectors of five important mosquito-borne diseases, is known as the most effective method to prevent the transmission of arboviruses to humans, but the emergence of insecticide resistance is threat for control and prevention of vector borne diseases. A better understanding of mosquito resistance to insecticides will help to develop more effective methods to control insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Worldwide geographical distribution of insecticide resistance in <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> by the available papers and map of the data for carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, microbial and insect growth regulator insecticides were reviewed. Article data published up to December 2022 were investigated by searching the following databases: \"Google Scholar\", \"PubMed\", \"Scopus\", \"SID\" and \"Web of Knowledge\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the susceptibility and resistance status of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> to insecticides in the world is very diverse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the importance of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> and <i>Ae. albopictus</i> in the transmission of mosquito-borne arboviruses, resistance management should be given more attention worldwide to prevent insecticide resistance in the arbovirus vector and replace the new approach for vector control.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/65/f4/JAD-17-1.PMC10440498.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10414375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive and Geometric Morphometry of the Wings of <i>Phlebotomus sergenti</i> Populations in Central Morocco.","authors":"Fatima-Zahra Abou-Elaaz,&nbsp;Denis Sereno,&nbsp;Oumnia Himmi,&nbsp;Mohamed Ghamizi,&nbsp;Souad Guernaoui","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13200","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Phlebotomus sergenti, the proven vector of Leishmania tropica, the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, is widely distributed in Morocco. Previous works using molecular markers (Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 rDNA and Cytochrome B mtDNA) hypothesized the existence of multiple closely related populations of sand fly species (cryptic species) that would exhibit distinct vectorial capacities. This work studies morphotypic diversity using traditional and geometric morphometry analyses carried out on Ph. sergenti's wings from central Morocco, where active L. tropica transmission occurs for 30 years. Methods: Descriptive characteristics (size and shape) of the right wings were measured in Ph. sergenti's specimens collected from fourteen stations in central Morocco. Both traditional and geometric morphometry methods were used to analyse geographic variations in Ph. sergenti wing's size and shape. Results: These analyses support the existence of distinct Ph. sergenti populations, enlightening significant phenotypic variations of Ph. sergenti's wings, regarding their size and shape, depending on geographic origin. In addition, traditional and geometric morphometric analyses of the wing's length, centroid size, β, ɵ, and γ distances allowed clear discrimination of Ph. sergenti sub-populations. Conclusion: These data pinpoint the adaptative ability of Ph. sergenti to local environmental conditions. Additional studies are now required to further shed light on the genetic structure of Ph. sergenti populations in Morocco.","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"36-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/f5/JAD-17-36.PMC10440493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10433421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Repellency and Lethal Effects of Ultrasonic Waves on the <i>Blattella germanica</i> (Blattodea: Blattellidae).","authors":"Atefeh Khan-Ahmadi,&nbsp;Hassan Vatandoost,&nbsp;Amir Ahmad Akhavan,&nbsp;Mozhgan Baniardalani,&nbsp;Kourosh Khalifeh-Soltani,&nbsp;Amrollah Azarm,&nbsp;Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The German cockroach, <i>Blattella germanica</i> (Insecta: Blattodea, Blattellidae), which occurs widely in human buildings, is a small cockroach species. Cockroach control chemical pesticides are toxic to the environment, and it is sometimes impossible to prevent them. Controlling <i>Blattella germanica</i> through ultrasonic waves can be efficient and less dangerous for the environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the repellency and lethal effect of ultrasonic waves on male and female German cockroaches was tested in a twin glass cubic chamber at laboratory condition. The wave frequencies tested ranged from 20 to 100kHz with 5kHz steps. A signal generator generated these frequencies, and the piezoelectric transmitter of these ultrasonic waves was positioned in the chamber's center on the upper side.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fisher's test showed that there was the greatest repellency effect in both male and female at frequencies of 35 and 40kHz. According to the results of the regression test, the most lethal effect is at the frequencies of 40 and 75kHz.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The operating ultrasonic frequencies investigated in this study can be used to repel and kill German cockroaches as pests endangering human health and environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"83-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1b/fc/JAD-17-83.PMC10440496.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10058488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Arthropod-Related Diseases.","authors":"Vahideh Moin-Vaziri,&nbsp;Mehdi Badakhshan","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Covid-19 pandemic that caused by the infection with the novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has revealed individual and global vulnerabilities all over the world. Many countries that had been struggled with arthropod-borne diseases (VBDs) are now embroiled in another challenge caused by COVID-19 pandemic. The situation that poses major obstacles 1) by misdiagnosis 2) delay in early and appropriate treatment of VBDs 3) difficulties in applying regular strategy for vector control and prevention methods and finally 4) irregularity in financing supports. Given the possible scenario of syndemics, it is important to plan integrated and combined measurement with the maximum participation of the people and health authorities. Here, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on some major arthropod-related diseases will be discussed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To access the collective data all related databases such as Science direct, PubMed, Elsevier, Google scholar, as well WHO web page were searched with key words \"arthropoda-related diseases, COVID-19 with the name of each individual disease\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the management, control, and treatment of most important arthropod-related diseases could be delayed due to COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dealing with COVID-19, it is crucial to consider the other main killers such as malaria, dengue fever, etc. more especially in vulnerable populations by greater political, financial and global commitment. Continued surveillance will be essential to monitor for any possible changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/4b/JAD-17-28.PMC10440499.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10414382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of <i>Paederus</i> Spp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Paederinae) the Agent of Human Linear Dermatitis in the Caspian Sea Coast, North of Iran.","authors":"Abbas Heydari,&nbsp;Sinan Anlaş,&nbsp;Hasan Bakhshi,&nbsp;Mona Koosha,&nbsp;Nayyereh Choubdar,&nbsp;Somayeh Panahi-Moghadam,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Oshaghi","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A combined morphological and molecular survey was performed to determine the agent of human linear dermatitis <i>Paederus</i> Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Paederinae) species composition in Mazandaran Province in the Caspian Sea coast in northern Iran, where most of linear dermatitis cases of the country occurred.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Altogether, 397 <i>Paederus</i> specimens were collected from May to August 2021 and classified using morphological characters and ITS2-rDNA sequence analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological investigation revealed that all the specimens were <i>Paederus fuscipes.</i> ITS2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) direct-sequences and the profiles of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) derived from digestion of PCR products by <i>Hinf</i>I, <i>Hpa</i>II, and <i>Sal</i>I enzymes were identical confirming the morphological results, implying that all specimens belonged to a single taxon.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Paederus fuscipes</i> (Fabricius, 1775) is considered the dominant taxon and responsible for linear dermatitis in Mazandaran Province. To our knowledge, we have provided the first molecular typing of <i>Paederus</i> beetles at the species level, suggesting that ITS2-rDNA characterization is an alternative tool for species discrimination of <i>Paederus</i> spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/19/51/JAD-17-94.PMC10440500.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10058492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Structure of <i>Aedes</i> (<i>Stegomyia</i>) <i>albopictus</i> Populations in Russia.","authors":"Elena Shaikevich,&nbsp;Ludmila Karan,&nbsp;Marina Fedorova","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Aedes</i> (<i>Stegomyia</i>) <i>albopictus</i> was found for the first time in 2011 on the Black Sea coast in Russia, and during 2011-2019, the species expanded over two climate zones Cfa and Csa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we studied the sequence diversity of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (<i>COI</i>) gene, 1317-1433bp in length. In total, 131 specimens of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> sampled from 21 locations in Russia and Abkhazia were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two of the six identified mitochondrial haplotypes were detected for the first time. Four <i>COI</i> haplotypes were shared by at least two studied local populations. The most prevalent H1 and H2 haplotypes dominated in all the sampled localities in the Cfa zone. The H3 haplotype was prevalent in the Csa zone. Other haplotypes were rare. Phylogenetic analyses, spatial isolation and limited gene flow revealed that the samples from the Csa zone differed significantly from those from the Cfa zone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two spatially isolated genetic lineages exist in <i>Ae. albopictus</i> population in southern region of Russia. One lineage obtained on the seacoast and inland (in valleys of the Caucasus Mountains and steppe zone) is widely distributed worldwide including Mediterranean populations. This confirms the hypothesis that the emergence of <i>Ae. albopictus</i> population in southern region of Russia may be associated with the terrestrial spread of mosquitoes from the well-established European population due to human activity. The other lineage, discovered in Novorossiysk, a maritime port, is similar to <i>Ae. albopictus</i> from the USA and Japan, suggesting the independent introduction of these mosquitoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/e1/JAD-17-51.PMC10440497.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10414376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Time Course on the Effectiveness of WHO Standard Pyrethroid and Carbamate Impregnated Test Papers against <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>, the Main Malaria Vector in Iran.","authors":"Awat Dehghan,&nbsp;Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat,&nbsp;Hassan Vatandoost,&nbsp;Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i1.13203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jad.v17i1.13203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Anopheles stephensi</i> is a major vector of malaria in some parts of the world. A standard method for determining resistance in adult mosquito populations is the bioassay test recommended by the world health organization (WHO). The papers used in this method have an expiry date. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of outdated susceptibility test papers for use in insecticide resistance monitoring programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Beech and Bandar Abbas strains of <i>An. stephensi</i> were reared in the insectary. Permethrin 0.75%, Deltamethrin 0.05%, and Bendiocarb 0.1% impregnated test papers prepared by Universiti Sains Malaysia were used. Probit analysis was used to analyze the results and prepare time-mortality regression lines of LT₅₀ and LT₉₀.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a difference in the mortality of both tested strains of <i>An. stephensi</i> was exposed to all tested insecticides. Both expired and not expired Permethrin and Deltamethrin papers induced 100% mortality at the diagnostic time (60min), but their insecticidal properties were reduced gradually in serial times. The highest efficacy of test papers was in the first trimester after the expiry date and decreased over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At the diagnostic time of 60 minutes, the mortality rate of both dated and expired papers was 100% in the pyrethroid insecticides, even three years after expiry dates, if stored in the package provided by the producer, in a refrigerator. This value was reduced to less than 100% in the expired papers of Bendiocarb comparing the dated papers that induced 100% mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 1","pages":"72-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9b/95/JAD-17-72.PMC10440494.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10048699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}