Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Global Trends in Studies on the Presence of <i>Demodex</i> spp. in Patients Diagnosed with Blepharitis.","authors":"Rahmi Yildiz, Milad Afşar, Sadi Elasan","doi":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17531","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The main objective of this study is to review publications on the presence of <i>Demodex</i> spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis worldwide and to analyse the trends and groups in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This bibliometric study was conducted to detect the presence of <i>Demodex</i> spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis worldwide between 1984 and 2023. For this purpose, 288 studies were examined as a result of searches using the keywords \"Blepharitis and <i>Demodex</i>\" in Web of Science (WOS) databases. All text data was analysed using VOSviewer software to ensure accuracy and reliability. In this study, analysis using text mining and data visualization techniques (bubble maps and graphs) helped to make the results more understandable.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study provided information on 288 articles from WOS databases. The average total number of citations is 1305 and the H-index is 41. The majority of articles (63%) were published in the field of ophthalmology. The countries that published the most articles on this topic were the USA (24%), China (13%), and Turkey (11%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first bibliometric study of patients diagnosed with blepharitis due to <i>Demodex</i> spp. The most used keyword in blepharitis is <i>Demodex</i>. The most studied field of research is ophthalmology and the most studied country is the United States of America. The results of this bibliometric analysis conducted by us reveal global trends in the presence of <i>Demodex</i> spp. in patients diagnosed with blepharitis and provide important information for future directions of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"18 2","pages":"84-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Biological and Qualitative Indices in Surface Waters Receiving the Effluent of Fish Farms in the Northwest of Iran.","authors":"Farhad Pourfaraj, Malek Abazari, Eslam Moradi-Asl, S Amad Mokhtari","doi":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17539","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Water quality is usually measured using various indicators based on physical, chemical and biological parameters. By using the biological index that is based on the identification of the arthropod families, it is possible to make a logical judgment about the ecosystem condition. The aim of this study was measuring correlation coefficients between qualitative and biological Indices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Water samples were collected 27 samples in northwest of Iran and aquatic insects' samples 54 in 2019. The NSFWQI and IRWQISC as the most important indices of physical and chemical quality of water ranged from 54.45-76.21 and from 41.32 to 77.40, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,953 aquatic insects were collected, and biological Index ranged from 6.26 to 3.38. It can be stated that increasing in the concentration of pollutants in the source and end of the river could lead to a sharp decrease in biological index. IRWQISC index, the effluent stations of fish farms can fit into 'fairly bad quality' and 'moderate quality' categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The linear regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between the Hilsenhoff biological Index and the physiochemical parameters of pH, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) and total dissolved solids. The activity of fish farms and discharging their effluents into water sources, can change the physical, chemical and biological parameters of receiving waters, therefore it is recommended that the location of these units be reviewed and also the appropriate treatment for such effluents should be considered, so that the health risks caused by them can be effectively reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"18 2","pages":"157-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contribute to the Disease Severity of Dengue Virus Infection.","authors":"Cucunawangsih Cucunawangsih, Ratna Sari-Wijaya, Nata Pratama Hardjo-Lugito, Ivet Suriapranata","doi":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17540","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The spectrum of dengue infection ranges from asymptomatic or mild to severe disease. The pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. A viral infection can induce the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and the excessive NETs lead to increased vascular permeability, coagulopathy, and platelet dysfunction, a hallmark of severe dengue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To evaluate the association of NETs formation with disease severity using a human public transcriptomic dataset (GSE17924) and clinical samples from dengue patients with different disease severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the transcriptomic analysis, the whole blood gene expression functional in neutrophil activities and NETs formation was upregulated with dengue disease severity. The serum concentration of citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), a NETs marker, was measured in 28 dengue patients, of whom 18 classified as dengue fever (DF) and 10 as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) grade 1 and 2. A significantly higher CitH3 concentration was found in DHF compared to DF patients. The level of CitH3 was negatively correlated with platelet counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest NETs have contributed to the disease severity of dengue infection. Future studies on the predictive value of NETs markers and the potential NETs as a targeted therapy in dengue disease should be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"18 2","pages":"172-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in Ticks Isolated from Domestic Animals in Slaughterhouses and Farms, Shahr-E-Rey, Tehran, Iran.","authors":"Pedram Talaie, Maryam Tavassoli, Ehsan Mostafavi, Zakiyeh Telmadarraiy, Mahdi Rohani, Saber Esmaeili, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat","doi":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17538","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Coxiella burnetii</i> causes Q fever, a zoonotic and vector-borne disease. Ticks serve as vectors for this bacterium. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of <i>C. burnetii</i> infection in ticks in Shahr-e-Rey County, Tehran Province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From December 2016 to November 2017, 179 ticks were collected on sheep at animal husbandry facilities and slaughterhouses located in Shahr-e-Rey, Tehran Province. Tick samples were morphologically identified and evaluated for the presence of the <i>C. burnetii</i> IS1111 gene using real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ticks were classified into four genera: <i>Hyalomma</i> (66.48%), <i>Rhipicepalus</i> (23.47%), <i>Dermacentor</i> (7.26%), and <i>Ornithodoros</i> (2.79%). Furthermore, 35.20% of the ticks were <i>Hyalomma</i> nymphs.All 77 ticks were pooled by species, and <i>C. burnetii</i> was found in 22.08% (n= 17). <i>Ornithodoros lahorensis</i> was the most prevalent tick infected with <i>C. burnetii</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distribution of <i>C. burnetii</i> and reports of Q fever from various regions of the country strongly suggest that the monitoring system should give this disease more attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"18 2","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Distribution of Dominant Hard Ticks in Southeastern Coastal Areas of the Caspian Sea.","authors":"Sedighe Nabian, Elahe Ebrahimzadeh, Abbas Farahi, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd","doi":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17534","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v18i2.17534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ticks are hematophagous arthropods that have direct and indirect effects on hosts, including the transmission of pathogens. An environmental suitability study of some vector species of hard ticks was conducted using the MaxEnt model in the south-eastern region of the Caspian Sea in Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ticks were collected monthly (2014-2015) at 45 study sites covering different areas in terms of topography. Because most farms in the study area are traditionally engaged in sheep production and they are taken to pastures in the warm season, the ticks were sampled from herds of sheep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 2410 hard ticks were collected and the vector species with wider distributions were considered for modelling. The areas under the curve for <i>Hyalomma anatulicum</i>, <i>Hy. asiaticum</i>, <i>Hy. marginatum</i>, <i>Rhipicephalus bursa</i>, <i>Rh. sanguineus</i>, and <i>Rh. turanicus</i> were 0.848, 0.762, 0.812, 0.772, 0.770 and 0.803, respectively. This means that temperature and precipitation were effective environmental variables for the prediction of appropriate regions for these tick species. The outputs of the models indicated that the western and south- western regions of Golestan Province provided the best niches for the presence of ticks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The western regions of Golestan Province are potential habitats for tick-borne diseases in both livestock and humans and special attention should be focused on preventing the spread of such diseases in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"18 2","pages":"122-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity Mechanism of Dangerous Scorpion Stings in Iran.","authors":"Rouhullah Dehghani,&nbsp;Ahmad Ghorbani,&nbsp;Masoomeh Varzandeh,&nbsp;Fatemeh Karami-Robati","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13616","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Considering the importance of scorpions and recognizing the mechanisms of toxicity caused by their medically important species in Iran and adopting the best therapeutic approach based on these mechanisms, this study was performed by reviewing the clinical manifestations of scorpion stings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted by searching for articles and researches in related websites (PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL) and using domestic and international authoritative journals using the keywords of scorpion, clinical manifestations, in a review method. Finally, 104 qualified sources were selected and after reviewing and criticizing these studies, the author's point of view was presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical manifestations of Scorpion sting toxicity vary due to the existence of two toxic classes of neurotoxins and cytotoxins or hemotoxins in these arthropods in Iran. The number and distribution of species with neurotoxic venom are higher than the scorpions with cytotoxic venom and are reported throughout Iran. Scorpions with cytotoxic venom are mostly widespread in south and southwest of Iran.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Treatment and prevention of scorpion stings in Iran and neighboring countries in the Middle East should be planned based on the mechanism of toxicity and the presence of toxic classes with neurotoxic or cytotoxic venoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"105-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3b/d5/JAD-17-105.PMC10562200.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absence of Asymptomatic Malaria Reservoirs in an Area with a Previous History of Local Malaria Transmission: A Successful Experience in Line with the Malaria Elimination Program in Iran.","authors":"Zainab Hosseini,&nbsp;Kourosh Azizi,&nbsp;Mohsen Moghadami,&nbsp;Mehdi Hassaniazad,&nbsp;Reza Shafiei,&nbsp;Elham Rezaee,&nbsp;Habibollah Turki","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13618","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymptomatic malaria is a major challenge to be addressed in the implementation of the malaria elimination program. The main goal of the malaria surveillance system in the elimination phase is to identify reliably all the positive cases of malaria reliably (symptomatic and asymptomatic) in the shortest possible time. This study focused on the monitoring of asymptomatic malaria reservoirs in areas where local transmission had been previously established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>It was a case-study approach that was conducted in the Anarestan area. A total of 246 residents and immigrants living in the area at the age range of 4-60 years old were randomly selected to be tested for malaria by microscope, RDT, and nested-PCR techniques. The inclusion criterion for participants to be entered into the study was the absence of specific symptoms of malaria. Moreover, participants who have been taking antimalarials for the last month were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated no positive cases of asymptomatic malaria among the participants tested by all methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study have shown that, without concerns for asymptomatic parasitic patients, a malaria elimination program has been successfully implemented within the studies area. In addition, the findings emphasized the existence of a strong malaria surveillance system in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/6d/JAD-17-128.PMC10562199.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Larvicidal Effects of Metabolites Extracted from <i>Nocardia</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i> Species against the Forth Larval Stage of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> (Diptera: Culicidae).","authors":"Marjan Seratnahaei,&nbsp;Seyyed Saeed Eshraghi,&nbsp;Parviz Pakzad,&nbsp;Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani,&nbsp;Mehdi Yaseri","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13623","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Larvicidal agents can be produced using microbial resources, which are environmentally friendly, biodegradable, and economical. The study's goal was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of metabolites isolated from <i>Nocardia</i> (<i>N. fluminea</i>, <i>N. soli</i> and <i>N. pseudobrasiliensis</i>) and <i>Streptomyces</i> (<i>S. alboflavus</i>) bacterial species against <i>Anopheles stephensi</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four metabolites isolated from <i>Nocardia</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i> strains were exanimated for larvicidal activity. The experiments were performed for 24, 48, and 72 hours. 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, and 600 μl of <i>Actinobacteria</i> metabolites were added to 100 cc of dechlorinated water. Fourth-stage larvae were placed in dechlorinated water as a control. LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ were calculated using toxicity data and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All metabolites had a statistically significant influence on mosquito larvae (P< 0.05). At 24, 48, and 72 hours, the LC₅₀ for N2 (<i>N. fluminea</i>) was 417, 386, and 370 ppm, respectively, and the LC₉₀ was 650, 595, and 561 ppm. Moreover, LC₅₀ for N4 (<i>N. soli</i>) was 389, 376, and 347 and LC₉₀ were 591, 565, and 533 and LC₅₀ for N5 (<i>N. pseudobrasiliensis</i>) was 390, 357, and 341 ppm and LC₉₀ were 589, 532 ppm. In addition, LC₅₀ for S921 (<i>S. alboflavus</i>) was 484, 416, and 382 ppm, and LC₉₀ was 701, 612, and 574 ppm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The four bacterial metabolites tested in our study were found to have a notable effect on the mortality rate of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> larvae, indicating their potential as natural larvicides. This is an effective technique for controlling <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> that has no detrimental environmental impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/57/db/JAD-17-187.PMC10562205.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predatory Efficiency of Larvivorous Fish against Mosquito Larvae in Different Water Temperature Levels: Implication in Control Measure of Dengue Vector.","authors":"Desca Tyagnes-Hanindia,&nbsp;Didik Sumanto,&nbsp;Sayono Sayono","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13617","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reduction of the <i>Aedes aegypti</i> population is the priority effort to control dengue virus transmission including the use of larvivorous fish. Biologically, the predatory efficiency of fish will slow down when the water acidity and temperature change from normal conditions. This study aimed to determine the predatory efficiency of three species of larvivorous fish against the <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae in different water temperatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three well-known species of larvivorous fish namely <i>Poecilia reticulata</i>, <i>Betta splendens,</i> and <i>Aplocheilus panchax</i> were placed into 12 cm diameter jars with three water temperature ranges namely 20-21 °C, 27-28 °C, and 34-35 °C, and allowed to three days acclimatization. As many as one hundred 4^th-instars larvae of <i>Ae. aegypti</i> were gradually entered into each jar, and a longitudinal observation was made at 5, 10, 30, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480, 600, and 720 minutes. The predated larvae were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In normal temperature ranges, the predatory efficiency of the larvivorous fish was 75%, 72.3%, and 32.8% for <i>B. splendens. Aplocheilus panchax</i>, and <i>P. reticulata</i>, respectively. The predation abilities decreased due to temperature changes. <i>Betta splendens</i> and <i>A. panchax</i> indicated the best predatory efficiency against <i>Ae. aegypti</i> larvae in different temperature conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Betta splendens</i> is the best larvivorous fish in the lower to normal, but <i>A. panchax</i> is the best in the normal to higher temperature ranges. This finding should be considered by public health workers in selecting larvivorous fish to control the Dengue vectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cd/6b/JAD-17-120.PMC10562203.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decline of Malaria Incidence in Three Villages of Thar Desert, India: The Impact of Use of Insecticide-Treated Nets.","authors":"Suman Sundar Mohanty,&nbsp;Phool Chand Kanojia","doi":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13622","DOIUrl":"10.18502/jad.v17i2.13622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malaria is the most important tropical and parasitic disease in the world. Endophagy of many malaria vectors advocates that impeding their entry into houses and preventing their contact with the occupants from infective bites could protect them against malaria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out in Jaisalmer District, India and three villages were selected as test villages and three as control. Cross-sectional malaria prevalence surveys and mosquito collections were conducted in all the study villages. Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) were tied below the beds for personal protection against the mosquito bite. Door and window curtains along with partition curtains were treated with insecticide for baring the entry of mosquito vectors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Plasmodium vivax</i> and <i>P. falciparum</i> were reported from the study villages. Higher malaria cases were detected in the control villages than the insecticide-treated bed net-distributed villages. The percentages of reduction of mosquito density in the houses of the ITNs distributed villages were significantly higher than the control villages. The insecticide activity was decreased slowly, and the knockdown time (KD₅₀) values were found to be increased with the duration of usage of net. The KD₅₀ of <i>Anopheles subpictus</i> s.l. was found to be more than the <i>An. stephensi</i>. Rooms where the ITNs were found to be significantly lower per man-hour density of mosquitoes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of alternative forms of ITNs shows a potential for preventing malaria and are making a significant contribution to the mosquito control. Effective use of ITNs could be helpful in the malaria elimination in India by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":15095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases","volume":"17 2","pages":"175-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/21/e1/JAD-17-175.PMC10562204.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41201845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}