Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Insecticidal and antibacterial properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from Phoebe zhennan leaf extract","authors":"Arshad Ali ,&nbsp;Kirshan Chand ,&nbsp;Chenghu Liu ,&nbsp;Asfandyar ,&nbsp;Ali Hassan ,&nbsp;Hammad Hassan ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu ,&nbsp;Min Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical insecticides are used to control most insect pests, which are harmful to the environment and humans. In this study, green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was carried out by using extracts from the<!--> <em>Phoebe zhennan</em> plant leaf. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful synthesis and structural characteristics of nanoparticles. The forest insect pest <em>Plagiodera versicolora</em> Laicharting is used to evaluate the bioactivity of nanoparticles. Mortality in <em>P. versicolora</em> was found to be dose- and time-dependent after different treatments of nanoparticles. The study determined the lethal concentration values (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) of nanoparticles against <em>P. versicolora</em>, revealing a time-dependent efficacy with the LC₅₀ of 22.47 mg/L and LC₉₀ of 81.2 mg/L at 96 h. The findings revealed the lethal time values (LT₅₀ and LT₉₀) of the nanoparticles against <em>P. versicolora</em>, with maximum efficacy observed at a concentration of 50 mg/L, resulting in an LT₅₀ of 27.24 h and an LT₉₀ of 62.71 h. In addition, the<!--> <!-->antibacterial activity of nanoparticles was also evaluated against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, and the results showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth in a dose-dependent manner. The study demonstrated the potential of nanoparticles as an insect control and antimicrobial agent. This research provides valuable insights into the green synthesis of nanoparticles and emphasizes the need for further exploration of their safety and efficacy in various practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of a queen (Apis mellifera) reduces the sensitivity of worker bees to environmental risks","authors":"De Fang Niu ,&nbsp;Qiu Lan Zheng ,&nbsp;Bin Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiao Ling Su ,&nbsp;Cui Ping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan Lu ,&nbsp;Ping Liu ,&nbsp;Fu Liang Hu ,&nbsp;Huo Qing Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera</em>), the queen is the central node of the colony; however, the mechanisms through which her presence mitigates the colony’s collective vulnerability to environmental stressors are not well understood. This study investigates the importance of within-colony interactions, particularly the interactions between the queen and worker bees, on colony development under environmental stress. Compared to worker bees in queenless colonies, the presence of a queen resulted in higher survival rates and food intake when exposed to 450 μg/mL of tetracycline. The queen also modulated antioxidant responses, particularly enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the presence of a queen downregulated the expression of genes involved in the Toll-like receptor (Toll) and Immune deficiency (Imd) pathways, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and retinol metabolism in individual worker bees. These results indicate that interactions between queen and worker bees strengthen their immunity and increase the response threshold to environmental stress. Therefore, individual interactions should be included in environmental risk assessments, especially for superorganisms such as honeybees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in Nu‘uanu Valley, Hawai‘i: The role of building footprint size","authors":"John M. Kirsch,&nbsp;Jia-Wei Tay","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since their introduction in Hawai‘i, mosquitoes have contributed to declines in native bird populations and to multiple dengue outbreaks across the islands. The most prevalent mosquito throughout Oahu, in both urban and rural environments, is <em>Aedes albopictus</em> (Skuse). Ovipositional trapping and larval habitat sampling were conducted to create generalized linear models to evaluate how urbanization affects <em>Ae. albopictus</em> abundance and to assess its environmental plasticity across three sites in Nu‘uanu Valley, Oahu, Hawai‘i. Four consecutive weeks of ovitrapping resulted in 31 eggs at the low site, 410 eggs at the middle site, and 85 eggs at the high site. Due to differences in mosquito abundance among sites, we evaluated population drivers including potential larval habitats, abiotic environmental factors, and four measurements of urbanization (total building area, percentage of building area, average building size, and number of buildings). The negative binomial model results indicated that <em>Ae. albopictus</em> was more prevalent in areas containing high densities of small buildings with the average building footprint size being a significant predictor. The elevation and density of potential natural breeding sites were not significant factors contributing to abundance of <em>Ae. albopictus</em>. Because most of these buildings were homes, we posit that residents of these areas located in the Nu‘uanu Valley have a higher risk of mosquito encounters than in other sites evaluated. These single-family residential neighborhoods offer a starting point for mosquito control operations during the next dengue outbreak in Hawai‘i.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The suitability of artificial diets containing diverse pollen grains to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner): Population growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activities","authors":"Fatemeh Kefayat ,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Hemmati ,&nbsp;Arash Rasekh ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Nasernakhaei","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, improving host quality for parasitoids has gained attention due to its importance in providing adequate nutrition for immature stages and ensuring successful adult reproduction. Incorporation of plant materials into artificial diets can significantly influence the performance of host insects. This study evaluated the effects of supplementing a basic artificial diet (control) with various pollen grains (glossy shower, hollyhock, honey bee, maize, date palm, rapeseed, saffron, and sunflower) on population growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activities of <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em> Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a commonly used host for parasitoid rearing. All pollen–contained diets supported complete development of <em>H. armigera</em>, though its performance varied among treatments. The shortest developmental time was recorded in larvae fed on the date palm–pollen–contained artificial diet. The female fecundity was highest on date palm–pollen–contained diet (1140.53 offspring), compared to the control diet (331.41 offspring). The intrinsic rate of increase (<em>r</em>) ranged from 0.109 to 0.162 day⁻¹, being highest on honey bee- and date palm–pollen–contained diets and lowest on glossy shower-pollen-contained diet. Meanwhile, the shortest mean generation time (<em>T</em>) was obtained on date palm–pollen–contained diet. The antioxidant enzymes activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were elevated in larvae fed on maize–, glossy shower–, and saffron–pollen–contained diets, respectively. The cluster analysis confirmed that the date palm–pollen–incorporated artificial diet most effectively enhanced the quality of <em>H. armigera</em> and thus, can be recommended for use in rearing of this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nesolynx banabitanae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), a new species of hyperparasitoid wasp from West Bengal, India, with SEM analysis of antennal sensilla","authors":"Arnob Chakrovorty ,&nbsp;Neveen S. Gadallah ,&nbsp;Banani Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;Arjan Basu Roy ,&nbsp;Sutrishna Halder ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Han","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study a fourth trophic level, plant-host-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid interaction has been recorded. A new species of the genus <em>Nesolynx</em> Ashmead, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), <em>Nesolynx banabitanae</em> Gadallah, Chakrovorty &amp; Basu Roy has been discovered from West Bengal, India. The new species is described and illustrated using light microscopy photographs, scanning electron microscopy photographs and line diagrams. It has been recorded as a new hyperparasitoid of the lepidopteran koinobiont endoparasitoid <em>Charops aditya</em> Gupta and Maheshwary, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae: Campoplegini). The caterpillar of common palmfly butterfly, <em>Elymnias hypermnestra</em> (Linnaeus, 1763) (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Elymniini) and the common castor butterfly, <em>Ariadne merione</em> (Cramer, 1777) (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae: Biblidini) are also recorded here as new lepidopteran hosts of <em>Charops aditya</em>. Furthermore, the antennal sensilla of <em>Nesolynx banabitanae</em> Gadallah, Chakrovorty &amp; Basu Roy are described. Sensilla Basiconica Capitate Peg (SBCP), Sensilla Chaetica (SCH), Sensilla Placodea (SP), Sensilla Trichodea (ST), Sensilla Styloconica (SST), and Microtrichia (MT) are among the six types of sensilla observed on the antennae of both the sexes. Eleven subtypes of sensilla were identified, and the similarities and differences between the sexes were examined.</div><div>ZOOBANK Publication ID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F3C4054D-B39F-4C15-BCAF-359E670AE581.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into symbiotic infections: Wolbachia and Spiroplasma in field-collected populations of Eurygaster maura (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)","authors":"Nurper Guz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arshad ,&nbsp;Naciye Sena Cagatay ,&nbsp;Fatma Ozdamar ,&nbsp;Ekrem Ogur","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial endosymbionts are widely known in a diverse range of insects, exhibiting variation in composition, localization, and function. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of insect-associated microbes as valuable tools in pest management. Many hemipteran insects are notorious agricultural pests, causing significant crop losses and acting as vectors for plant viruses. The Sunn pest,<!--> <em>Eurygaster maura</em>, is a major cereal pest capable of causing up to 100% yield loss. However, the bacterial endosymbiont composition of<!--> <em>E. maura</em> <!-->remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of two prominent secondary bacterial endosymbionts associated with<!--> <em>E. maura</em>:<!--> <em>Wolbachia</em> <!-->and<!--> <em>Spiroplasma</em>. An asymmetrical interaction between the two bacteria was observed, as reflected in their differing infection frequencies. Among 82% of specimens found to be infected, 60% carried <em>Spiroplasma</em>, 22% harbored <em>Wolbachia</em>, and 15% were co-infected with both symbionts. These infection rates (60% for <em>Spiroplasma</em> and 22% for <em>Wolbachia</em>) represent total prevalence, including both single and co-infected individuals. No significant correlation was found between <em>Spiroplasma</em> and <em>Wolbachia</em> infections. Understanding the microbial community structure in<!--> <em>E. maura</em> <!-->can enhance our knowledge of tritrophic interactions among plants, herbivorous insects, and endosymbionts. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for understanding host–microbe associations in <em>Eurygaster maura</em>. Furthermore, these findings open new avenues for symbiont-based pest management, such as targeting obligate or facultative symbionts. Potential strategies include the introduction of incompatible <em>Wolbachia</em> strains or manipulation of symbiont composition to alter host reproduction and population dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among western and Asian honey bees, and Eristalis tenax collected in Myanmar","authors":"Saw Bawm ,&nbsp;Aye Pyae Pyae Khaing ,&nbsp;Hlaing Min Oo ,&nbsp;Myint Myint Mu ,&nbsp;Ngwe Chi Hmuu ,&nbsp;Aye Nyein Sandi Zaw ,&nbsp;Nyunt Lwin ,&nbsp;Hla Myet Chel ,&nbsp;Yadanar Khaing ,&nbsp;Shwe Yee Win ,&nbsp;Lat Lat Htun ,&nbsp;Shiro Murata ,&nbsp;Satoru Konnai ,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Ohashi ,&nbsp;Nariaki Nonaka ,&nbsp;Ryo Nakao ,&nbsp;Than Naing Tun","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honey bees are valuable insects for humans in many ways and continue to benefit people’s livelihoods. Pollinator insects are essential for world food crops production. The aims of this study were to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among the honey bees and to conduct molecular characterisation of pollinator insect species in Myanmar. The Asian honey bee species (<em>Apis cerana</em> and <em>A. dorsata</em>), the European honey bee (<em>A. mellifera</em>) and pollinator insect (<em>Eristalis tenax</em>) collected from selected research stations were studied using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase I (COI) gene. The obtained sequences were analysed using molecular evolutionary genetics and the median-joining haplotype network analysis. The phylogenetic tree divided the entire assemblage of honey bee species collected in Myanmar, including <em>A. mellifera, A. dorsata</em>, and <em>A. cerana</em>, into three major groups, along with those from other countries. The overall haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.9232) indicated a high level of genetic diversity among Myanmar honey bee populations, whereas the nucleotide diversity was relatively low for each population (π = 0.00128–0.03576). <em>A. mellifera</em> showed a substantial variation (P = 0.001) in molecular variants between populations and individuals within them. Two haplotypes were found in <em>A. mellifera</em> and one each for <em>A. cerana, A. dorsata,</em> and <em>E. tenax.</em> This baseline data strengthens our knowledge of the genetic status of indigenous and imported species in the country.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sublethal and intergenerational effects of three insecticides on life table parameters of currant lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosely) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"Razieh Mahdavi ,&nbsp;Arash Rasekh ,&nbsp;Neda Amini Jam ,&nbsp;Ehsan Rakhshani ,&nbsp;Afrooz Farsi","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lettuce aphid, <em>Nasonovia ribisnigri</em> (Mosley), is a key pest of lettuce that causes significant annual crop damage worldwide. Applying sublethal concentrations may serve as a strategy to minimize environmental contamination and conserve natural enemies. However, this approach may induce an enhanced reproductive rate in lettuce aphid, <em>Nasonovia ribisnigri</em>, a phenomenon known as hormesis. This study evaluated the effects of three insecticides at two sublethal concentrations (LC₁₀, LC₃₀), applied during two nymphal stages, on the reproductive stimulation of adult <em>N. ribisnigri</em> (F₀) and its subsequent intergenerational effects on the offspring (F₁). The results of the bioassay indicate that imidacloprid was the most toxic pesticide against the lettuce aphid. Aphids (F₀) exposed to flonicamid exhibited significantly shorter oviposition periods, along with reduced key demographic parameters, including net reproductive rate (<em>R</em>₀), and intrinsic rate of increase (<em>r</em>_m), compared to other pesticide treatments and the control group. Although hormetic effects occurred in the F₁ for all three insecticides, a significant positive correlation between the <em>r</em>_m of F₀ and F₁ was only observed in aphids exposed to the LC₁₀ concentration of flonicamid. The <em>r</em>_m value of F₁ aphids exposed to pymetrozine and imidacloprid was significantly lower than that of control aphids, when considering the actual survival rates (<em>l</em>_x) of the newly emerged offspring. In contrast, flonicamid-treated aphids in the F₁ generation maintained a significant increase in <em>r</em>_m value despite mortality adjustments. Therefore, caution is required when using sublethal concentrations of flonicamid for controlling the lettuce aphid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifts in populations of endangered and vulnerable butterfly species across South Korea: Impacts of global warming and habitat alterations","authors":"Sung-Soo Kim ,&nbsp;Tae-Sung Kwon ,&nbsp;Go-Eun Park ,&nbsp;Gyeong-Yeon Lee ,&nbsp;Ilju Yang ,&nbsp;Young-Joon Lee ,&nbsp;Jung-Dal Sohn ,&nbsp;Sang-Kyu Sohn ,&nbsp;Wan-Ki Min ,&nbsp;Sei-Woong Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insect populations are declining rapidly, and butterflies are no exception. This study examined 48 butterfly species in South Korea that are either classified as vulnerable due to population decline or are legally designated as protected species by the Ministry of Environment. Using survey records spanning from 1928 to 2024, we analyzed long-term trends in their distribution patterns. We identified 15 species that have undergone range contractions. Three species—<em>Aporia crataegi, Plebejus subsolanus</em>, and <em>Burara striata</em>—have not been seen since 1998, with Bayesian analysis indicating they are almost certainly extinct locally. A binomial regression model incorporating three explanatory variables—wingspan, species temperature index (STI), and habitat type—identified the latter two as significant factors for the survival of endangered and vulnerable species. These species exhibited markedly lower STI values and a greater tendency to inhabit open habitats compared with others. These findings suggest that warming and habitat shifts are contributing to the decline in butterfly populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing housefly larval bioconversion of silkworm excrement through wheat bran Supplementation: Enhanced cellulose degradation and nutrient recovery","authors":"Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Yuanhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueming Xu ,&nbsp;Xueping Jiang ,&nbsp;Jieling Zhou ,&nbsp;Jia Kong ,&nbsp;Ran Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Li ,&nbsp;Zhongzheng Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growth of sericulture in China, the production of silkworm excrement (SE) has increased significantly. SE can be converted into valuable biomass by housefly larvae, but its high content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and other recalcitrant substances severely limits its resource utilization. This study aims to develop an efficient system for treating SE using housefly larvae and to assess the impact of co-digestion with wheat bran (WB). The results indicate that a SE to WB ratio of 2:1 (TG2) yielded the best performance in cellulose degradation. At this ratio, the survival rate of the larvae, waste reduction, and bioconversion rate reached 92.6 %, 19.26 % (dry weight reduction), and 1.39 %, respectively. Analysis of the physicochemical properties and active substance content of the SE substrate showed increases in nutrient levels for the TG2 group (N: 16.88 %; P: 52.02 %; K: 71.29 %). Additionally, the contents of total flavonoids, alkaloids, and 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) were measured at 1.22 µg/mL, 1.99 µg/mL, and 1.64 µg/mL, respectively. The degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 85.7 % and 50.8 %, respectively. This study demonstrates that co-digestion of SE with WB enhances the efficient utilization of SE, offering new approaches for managing cellulose-rich, recalcitrant waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}