Journal of Applied Phycology最新文献

{"title":"Optimization and characterization of Nori-like product made from Ulva lactuca and Gracilaria changii using mixture design","authors":"Ellya Sinurat, Sihono Sihono, Fateha Fateha, Agus Supriyanto, Th Dwi Suryaningrum, Nurhayati Nurhayati , Dina Fransiska, Bagus S. B. Utomo, Bakti Berlyanto Sedayu, Subaryono Subaryono, Waryanto Waryanto","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03243-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03243-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nori is a dried edible seaweed sheet made from <i>Porphyra</i>, a genus of red algae that thrivesprimarily in subtropical waters. Nori-like products have been developed from tropical seaweed species but they are still considered undesirable due to their astringent taste and lower protein content compared to the original nori. This investigation aimed to produce a nori-like product by utilizing a combination of locally sourced seaweeds, <i>Ulva lactuca</i> and <i>Gracilaria changii,</i> with the addition of anchovy flour to enhance its protein content. To obtain the optimal formulation of the product, we employed a design expert software application to analyze sensory data collected from a hedonic scale assessment involving 25 trained panelists. We evaluated sensory characteristics, including appearance, aroma, texture, taste, and overall satisfaction. Additionally, we considered parameters such as crispness and colour to determine the nori-like product quality. The best-selected product, determined through sensory evaluation, underwent further analysis of its proximate and amino acids profile, as well as mineral content. The results were compared to those of commercial nori from <i>Porphyra</i>. The highest-quality product was found to be the nori-like product with a formula consisting of 25.40% <i>Ulva lactuca</i>, 7.98% <i>Gracilaria changii</i>, 1.50% glycerin, 4.12% anchovy powder and the remainder water.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140928089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the secrets of a landfill for municipal solid waste (MSW): Lipid-to-biodiesel production by the new strain Chlorella vulgaris DSAF isolated from leachates","authors":"David Suárez-Montes, Alicia Fernández, Jorge Tenías, Víctor Casado, José Manuel González-La Fuente, José Manuel Rico","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03234-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03234-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The unceasing rise in human population has provoked large environmental damage, essentially in air and water habitats. Microalgae have been deeply investigated regarding wastewater treatment as well as a suitable biofuel feedstock. Nevertheless, process optimization and the search for new local strains are imperative to overcome the cost-effectiveness bottleneck that persist in large-scale technology. Linked to this, micro-diversity studies in landfill leachates have been done. However, there has been no study which analysed specifically the microalgal diversity outside of this less-explored environment to see their biotechnological potential. Hence, a specific study of microalgal diversity present in leachates produced by a non-hazardous waste landfill (mainly for municipal solid waste MSW) located in Asturias (Spain) was done. The new strain <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> DSAF was isolated and identified based on both morphological and molecular methods. Some parameters based on site-climate conditions were studied to understand <i>C. vulgaris</i> DSAF behaviour. The modification in the lipid content and FAMEs profile in response to the stress caused by the addition of NaCl and nutrient deprivation were also studied. The stress induction produced significant morphological changes when compared to control group (e.g., bigger cell sizes). Specifically, the addition of 25 g L^-1 of NaCl achieved an increase of 25% of biomass. Total lipids increased under nutrient deprivation (N, P and NP) from 13 to 34% (w/w). Oleic acid was the most abundant fatty acid, reaching 50% of total FAMEs under NP deprivation conditions. Linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid also showed a moderate increase during NaCl stress. The positive results during calculation of the main biodiesel properties determined that <i>C. vulgaris</i> DSAF would be a potential biodiesel feedstock under different cultivation conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoidans from Laminaria hyperborea demonstrate bactericidal activity against diverse bacteria","authors":"Michael L. C. Beagan, Line L Bang, Jens S. Pettersen, Rasmus B. Grønnemose, Sebastian Foertsch, Thomas E. Andersen, Ming Ding","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03258-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03258-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fucoidans are a heterogenous class of fucose-rich sulfated carbohydrates which have attracted increasing attention in cancer and inflammation research due to their bioactive properties. There are reports that fucoidans may have direct antibacterial effects and synergy with antibiotics. However, the literature is conflicting, potentially due to the limited reporting of origin, characteristics, and extraction methods of the fucoidans tested. Here we report the results of 18 defined fucoidans screened for direct, indirect, and synergistic antibacterial effects. 15 distinct fucoidan fractions, isolated from <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> using a solvent-free extraction process, were characterised for molecular weight, pH, viscosity, and sulfur content. These, together with three commercially available crude fractions, were assessed at concentrations from 0.03125-24 mg mL^-1 for minimum inhibitory concentration against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> and <i>Streptococcus sanguinis.</i> Furthermore, we tested a selection of fucoidans for antibacterial synergy with vancomycin and indirect antibacterial effects in whole blood survival assays. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to assess the stress response in fucoidan-treated <i>S. aureus</i> cultures. We have identified one fucoidan fraction with bactericidal activity against diverse bacteria. This effect is dose-, fucoidan fraction- and bacteria-specific, and furthermore, not related to osmotic stress. No synergistic effects were observed with fucoidan in combination vancomycin. Fucoidans have exciting potential as antimicrobial agents. Further analysis is required to establish the precise molecular characteristics responsible for their potent bactericidal activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140942001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenology and the response of photosynthesis to irradiance and temperature gradient in the herbal drug red alga, Chondria armata (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) from Kagoshima, Japan","authors":"Ryuta Terada, Kyosuke Yoshizato, Kazuma Murakami, Gregory N. Nishihara","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03250-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03250-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seasonal changes in the size of the herbal drug red alga <i>Chondria armata</i> (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales) were investigated in Kagoshima, Japan, which is near the northern distributional limit in the western Pacific. Additionally, its photosynthetic response to irradiance and temperature was examined using dissolved oxygen sensors and a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)-chlorophyll fluorometer. This alga was observed in tidepools throughout the year; its height and weight were greatest in December and the lowest in April and May. The net photosynthesis of the photosynthesis–irradiance (<i>P–E</i>) curve determined at 28°C quickly saturated at 113 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1, with minimal inhibition even at 1000 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1. The gross photosynthesis of the photosynthesis–temperature (<i>P–T</i>) curved over 8 to 40°C, measured at 500 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1, peaked at 30.1°C and decreased rapidly below 20°C and above 36°C, respectively. Similarly, the effective quantum yield (<i>ΔF/F</i>_<i>m</i><i>'</i>) after a 3-day culture during 4–40°C at 50 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1 remained stable between 16°C and 32°C but decreased outside of this range. The combined effect of irradiance (200 [low] and 1000 [high] µmol photons m^-2 s^-1) and temperature (28, 22, and 16°C) revealed that <i>ΔF/F</i>_<i>m</i><i>'</i> declined during exposure to high irradiance at all temperature treatments. However, it mostly recovered after a subsequent 12-hour period of dim-light acclimation at 28°C and 22°C. In contrast, those at 16°C could not recover, indicating the occurrence of low-temperature light stress. This alga appears to be well-adapted to the irradiance and temperature environment at the study site. However, the winter temperature appears to approach its threshold level, and the occurrence of strong light during the winter might adversely affect the abundance of this alga near its northern distributional limit.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140928088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive monitoring of microalgae cultivations using hyperspectral imager","authors":"Salli Pääkkönen, Ilkka Pölönen, Anna-Maria Raita-Hakola, Mariana Carneiro, Helena Cardoso, Dinis Mauricio, Alexandre Miguel Cavaco Rodrigues, Pauliina Salmi","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03256-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03256-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High expectations are placed on microalgae as a sustainable source of valuable biomolecules. Robust methods to control microalgae cultivation processes are needed to enhance their efficiency and, thereafter, increase the profitability of microalgae-based products. To meet this need, a non-invasive monitoring method based on a hyperspectral imager was developed for laboratory scale and afterwards tested on industrial scale cultivations. In the laboratory experiments, reference data for microalgal biomass concentration was gathered to construct 1) a vegetation index-based linear regression model and 2) a one-dimensional convolutional neural network model to resolve microalgae biomass concentration from the spectral images. The two modelling approaches were compared. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for the index-based model was 15–24%, with the standard deviation (SD) of 13-18 for the different species. MAPE for the convolutional neural network was 11–26% (SD = 10–22). Both models predicted the biomass well. The convolutional neural network could also classify the monocultures of green algae by species (accuracy of 97–99%). The index-based model was fast to construct and easy to interpret. The index-based monitoring was also tested in an industrial setup demonstrating a promising ability to retrieve microalgae-biomass-based signals in different cultivation systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140928085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal variation in biochemical and metal content of the invasive seaweed Sargassum muticum along Moroccan Atlantic Coast","authors":"Abderrahmane Aamiri, Nor-Eddine Rezzoum, Yasmine Touhamia, Hakima Zidane, Lhoucine Benhassan, Pierre-Yves Pascal, Touria Ould Bel lahcen","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03240-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03240-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2012 the Moroccan Atlantic coast has witnessed the introduction of the brown alien seaweed <i>Sargassum muticum</i> with a high invasive potential presenting environmental and economic risks. This study evaluates the effect of seasons and location on the biochemical composition of <i>S. muticum</i>. Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, pigments, minerals, and heavy metals were studied during four seasons from spring 2019 to autumn 2020 at four sites along the Moroccan Atlantic coast: El Jadida, Saada (SA), Sidi Bouzid (SB), Moulay Abdallah (MA) and Jorf Lasfar (JL). MA presents the highest protein content (12.5% dw) during spring and the highest level of lipid and carbohydrate content during summer (1.8% dw and 41.5% dw respectively). The highest chlorophyll <i>a</i> content was found in JL and MA sites with (21.6 and 21.45 mg mL^-1, respectively) during winter. Maximum chlorophyll <i>c</i> and carotenoids were found at SA with (2.27 and 9.71 mg mL^-1, respectively) during winter. In all locations and during all seasons, the mineral profile was rich in essential minerals such as magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, selenium, and lithium. Levels of toxic metals Al and Pb were lower than in previous studies whereas Cd and As were slightly higher than the legislation limits for dry seaweeds. Therefore, in this context, some strategies of <i>S. muticum</i> valorisation should be favoured such as bioenergy, bioplastic or biostimulant over others such as human food and animal feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SfuPKS2, a novel type III polyketide synthase from Sargassum fusiforme, shows high substrate specificity","authors":"Jia-Min Xu, Yi-Cheng Xu, Chen-Xi Cheng, Dong-Sheng Zhao, Zhi-Wei Hu, Shu-Ming Li, Salah Fatouh Abou-Elwafa, Xiufeng Yan, Hui-Xi Zou, Nan Li","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03262-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03262-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A type III polyketide synthase (SfuPKS2) from the edible seaweed <i>Sargassum fusiforme</i> was cloned and biochemically characterized. SfuPKS2 can only accept octanoyl-CoA (C8) and neither other long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs, nor non-fatty acyl-CoAs synthesized in this study as the substrate. In addition, in incubation with octanoyl-CoA, only a single product peak was observed, giving rise to the triketide α-pyrone derivative. To understand the substrate specificity of SfuPKS2, we constructed a structural model and performed docking analysis to reveal amino acid residues critical for enzyme-substrate binding. Putative key residues were then mutated experimentally and the impact on protein function was assessed by incubating the mutant with octanoyl-CoA. We found that key amino acids governing enzyme activity and specificity included Ser171, His236, Phe254, and Ile377. Mutations on these amino acids generally resulted in altered interactions with the substrate and thus the enzyme activity. In summary, our work provided mechanistic insight on how the selectivity toward the substrate is achieved in SfuPKS2.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140927977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of edible films based on a mixture of the seaweeds Ulva lactuca and Kappaphycus alvarezii","authors":"Gabriela de Amorim da Silva, Fábio de Farias Neves, Giustino Tribuzi","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03247-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03247-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global consumption of nori, a widely consumed commercial edible algal film, is predominant in Asian countries. As the demand for Asian cuisine rises in Brazil, there is a growing need to explore alternatives to importation, such as producing edible films using seaweeds from the Brazilian coast—specifically <i>Ulva lactuca</i> and <i>Kappaphycus alvarezii</i>. In this study, seaweed film formulations varied in concentrations, from 80% <i>U. lactuca</i> and 20% <i>K. alvarezii</i> to an equal proportion of 50% of each alga, heating at 90°C for 3 and 5 minutes. Results showed that the filmogenic suspensions had a pseudoplastic behavior, with viscosity decreasing as <i>K. alvarezii</i> concentration increased. The resistance of heated gels increased with higher <i>K. alvarezii</i> concentrations and prolonged heating times. Surface uniformity improved with elevated <i>K. alvarezii</i> concentration and extended heating time. As <i>K. alvarezii</i> concentration increased, films exhibited less intense coloration, heightened transparency, and increased solubility. Films with higher <i>K. alvarezii</i> content demonstrated greater tensile strength, albeit without an increase in elongation capacity. Sorption isotherms exhibited a characteristic Type II pattern, and modeling using the GAB model suggested stronger bonds in treatments with extended heating times. Despite the need for enhanced flexibility, the results indicate potential applications in snacks or as alternatives to nori. Notably, these films were produced solely with seaweeds and water, aligning with Nori's minimalistic approach. Treatments with a concentration of 60% <i>U. lactuca</i> and 40% <i>K. alvarezii</i> proved to be the most promising. This study lays the groundwork for future research in developing edible films derived from seaweeds.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal patterns in the biomass, species composition and nitrogen content of drift macroalgae in an urbanised coastal embayment","authors":"Juan Manuel Valero-Rodriguez, Tim Dempster, Wei Wen Wong, John A. Lewis, Perran L. M. Cook, Stephen E. Swearer","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03249-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03249-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding spatio-temporal variability in the production of drift macroalgae is useful for monitoring and assessing the influence of local anthropogenic nutrient sources on coastal ecosystems. In this study we: (1) assessed how the drift macroalgal community composition and biomass have changed over a 22-year period in Port Phillip Bay (a large coastal embayment in Victoria, Australia); and (2) measured the amount of accumulated nitrogen in drift macroalgae and the contribution of anthropogenic nitrogen sources through isotopic analysis. The surveys revealed little overlap in species composition (&lt;13%) and a significant decrease in standing stock biomass (from 631 to 49 g m^-2) between surveys (1995/1996 and 2017/2018). This was associated with a high degree of turnover (β-diversity) at the genus level between surveys (mean – 0.53), resulting in distinct communities at all sites, particularly among red algal genera. In addition, the occurrence of ephemeral macroalgal blooms and a semi-perennial mat of the red macroalga <i>Botryocladia sonderi</i> at 10-15 m depth at locations close to nutrient sources indicate drift macroalgae are important nutrient accumulators in the bay. Isotopic analysis revealed a high contribution of anthropogenic-derived nitrogen (δ¹⁵N &gt; 17‰ and ~ 3% N content) at depths and locations close to nutrient sources, particularly at times of the year when large wastewater discharges occur. Harvesting of drift macroalgae could be a cost-effective solution for offsetting nitrogen inputs from anthropogenic sources, but it will be important to first investigate whether harvesting results in negative impacts to associated fauna or nutrient cycling.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140634667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Tetraselmis subcordiformis (Wille) Butcher with antimicrobial peptides as feed additives on gut microbial community and immunity of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.)","authors":"Bingkui Zhu, Fengjie Sun, Zhengquan Gao, Ting Yao, Subing Han, Hao Zhang, Yuyang Ma, Yuyong Wu, Ran Du, Chunxiao Meng, Yulin Cui","doi":"10.1007/s10811-024-03248-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-024-03248-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As harmless alternative of antibiotics, two antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including anti-lipopolysaccharide factor isoform 3 (ALFPm3) and cathelicidin (CATHPb1), were co-expressed in the common fish food <i>Tetraselmis subcordiformis.</i> Lysates from <i>T.</i> <i>subcordiformis</i> transformant were able to inhibit the bacterial growth of <i>Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus,</i> and <i>Vibrio splendidus.</i> To test the effects of AMPs in vivo, turbot (<i>Scophthalmus</i> <i>maximus</i>) underwent three dietary treatments, including commercial feeds (CON group), commercial feeds mixed with wild-type <i>T.</i> <i>subcordiformis</i> (WT group), and commercial feeds mixed with a mutant strain of<i> T. subcordiformis</i> (CSD group). Compared to CON group<b>,</b> both CSD and WT groups showed an increase in both the relative abundance and diversity of beneficial bacteria. The content of malondialdehyde was reduced and the enzymatic activities of lysozyme were increased in plasma. Comparisons of the biochemical factors in CSD group with those in CON group revealed that the relative abundance of <i>Vibrio</i> was decreased from 92.7% to 75.1%, and the number of bacteria containing the potentially pathogenic phenotypes was reduced. In the CSD group, the enzymatic activities of catalase and the expression levels of IgM, NKEF, IFNγ, MHC I, and IL-8R were higher compared to the WT group, whereas the levels of both TNFα and IL-1β were reduced. These results indicated that as an oral delivery vehicle for the AMPs, <i>T.</i> <i>subcordiformis</i> transformant improved the immunity, inflammatory response, and gut microbiome community of turbot.</p>","PeriodicalId":15086,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Phycology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140634660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}