Journal of Asthma and Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Assessing Gut Microbiome Alterations in Children With Allergic Rhinitis: Associations With Allergen-Specific IgE Levels and Sensitization Patterns.","authors":"Junyang Li, Yanan Shi, Lanye Hu, Wenjun He, Youjin Li","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S496477","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S496477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between gut microbiota composition and allergen exposure in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning variations in gut microbiota at different allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) levels and the distinction between monosensitization and polysensitization to allergens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed metagenomic shotgun sequencing to compare the fecal microbiota of 50 healthy controls (HC) to 88 children with AR induced by house dust mites (HDM-AR). We further examined differences in gut microbiota among HDM-AR subgroups with extremely high house dust mite-sIgE (EH-HDM), high HDM-sIgE (H-HDM), as well as between monosensitized (mono-HDM) and polysensitized (poly-HDM) individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While no significant differences in overall gut microbiome diversity were observed between the HC and HDM-AR groups, a notable increase in the relative abundance of <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> within the genus was identified in children with AR. Further analysis revealed a significant enrichment of the <i>Streptococcus</i> genus in the EH-HDM group, particularly highlighting an increased relative abundance of the <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i>. Functional gene analysis via KEGG pathways indicated substantial enrichment in the salivary secretion pathway. Additionally, in comparisons among the HC, mono-HDM, and poly-HDM groups, <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i> emerged as the key differential species, showing a marked increase in the mono-HDM group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that specific bacterial strains, particularly <i>Streptococcus salivarius</i>, may be potential biomarkers for assessing varying degrees and patterns of HDM sensitization. These findings open the avenues for developing targeted interventions aimed at mitigating the pathophysiology of AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"269-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143501080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Eosinophil Count in Asthma Is Associated With Increased Abdominal Aortic Diameter and Increased Vascular Stiffness.","authors":"Leonie Biener, Andrea Budimovska, Dirk Skowasch, Carmen Pizarro, Ben Christoph Frisch, Georg Nickenig, Max Jonathan Stumpf, Christian A Schaefer, Nadjib Schahab","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S483504","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S483504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is associated with atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the underlying pathomechanisms remain elusive. Blood eosinophil count (BEC) is implicated in both eosinophilic asthma and arterial wall inflammation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the possible association of BEC in asthma and abdominal aortic artery changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>112 outpatients were prospectively enrolled in this exploratory study. Abdominal aortic diameter was measured using ultrasonography imaging, while vascular speckle tracking was utilized to evaluate vascular strains. Patients were stratified into two groups, with n=66 patients with a BEC of ≥300 n/µL and n=46 patients with <300 n/µL. Both groups exhibited no significant disparities in cardiovascular risk factors; however, the high BEC group was more frequently male.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The aortic diameter was wider in patients with a BEC ≥300 n/µL (1.46 ± 0.25 cm vs 1.67 ± 0.63 cm, p=0.018). Three patients were diagnosed with an AAA, all had a BEC ≥300 n/µL. Patients with a BEC ≥300 n/µL exhibited lower strain values, indicative of higher vascular stiffness, including radial strain (2.65 ± 1.38% vs 4.46 ± 2.59%; p<0.001). BEC exhibited a positive correlation with abdominal aortic diameter (R²=0.131, b=0.000, p<0.001), and a negative correlation with radial strain values (R²=0.131, b=-0.002, p=0.001) in sex-adjusted linear regression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with asthma, blood eosinophil count (BEC) is correlated with a wider aortic diameter and heightened vascular stiffness in the abdominal aorta. Hence, they may be at an elevated risk of developing an AAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"245-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Asthma: The Role of Gut Microbiome in Airway Immunity.","authors":"Yaqin Liu, Junjie Dai, Guibao Zhou, Rongchang Chen, Chengwen Bai, Fei Shi","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S504571","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S504571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing acknowledgment of the gut microbiome's impact on widespread immune responses, which holds considerable importance for comprehending and addressing asthma. Recent research has clarified the complex interactions between gut microbiota and airway immune systems, demonstrating that microbial diversity and composition can affect both the initiation and advancement of asthma. Gut microbial species and metabolites primarily short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may either worsen or reduce airway inflammation by regulating the balance of helper T cell 1 (Th1) / helper T cell 2 (Th2) and other immune mediators. This interaction presents innovative therapeutic possibilities, including modulation of gut microbiome during early life through breastfeeding and control of antibiotic use, particularly with prebiotics, which could selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria, promote immune maturation, reducing susceptibility to asthma and allergic airway inflammation. Besides, investigating the gut-lung axis reveals new opportunities for personalized medicine in asthma treatment, emphasizing the necessity for integrated strategies that take individual microbiome profiles into account. This paper examines the latest developments in comprehending the mechanisms by which gut microbiota affect airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, especially focusing on treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"257-267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air Pollution and Childhood Asthma Hospitalizations in Chengdu, China: A Time-Series Study.","authors":"Zijin Chen, Lei Zhang, Tao Ai, Yinghong Fan, Yanru Liu, Li Wang, Cheng Xie","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S498234","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S498234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research on the relationship between air pollutants and hospitalization for asthma in children in developing countries remains inadequate. This study aimed to assess the short-term effects of air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O₃), particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM_2.5), and particulate matter ≤ 10 µm (PM₁₀), on children hospitalized for asthma in Chengdu, China, from 2017-2022.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>During the study period, 5592 children were hospitalized for asthma. A generalized additive model was used to control for seasonality, long-term trends, weather, day of the week, and holidays. The analysis was further stratified by age, sex, and season to estimate the associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO_2, and CO were significantly associated with an increased risk of hospitalization due to asthma. A 10 μg/m³ increase in PM_2.5, PM_10, and CO at lag04 corresponded to an increase of 2.07%, 1.56%, and 0.33% in daily hospital admissions for asthma, respectively. A 10 μg/m³ increase in SO₂ and NO₂ at lag05 corresponded to an increase of 45.69% and 8.16% in daily hospital admissions for asthma, respectively. Further analysis by age found that PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 had a greater impact on children aged 5-6 years old while NO₂ and CO mainly affected children under 7 years old. Analysis by by sex found that pollutants had a greater impact on hospital admissions in girls. Seasonal analysis revealed that pollutants had a more significant effect on admission during the winter.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that increased concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO_2, and CO in Chengdu lead to hospitalization for asthma in children and that a lag effect was observed, especially with SO₂. These findings highlight the need for stricter air quality controls to reduce childhood asthma hospitalizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"229-243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Symptoms Among Allergic Rhinitis Patients Could Contribute to Sexual Dysfunction.","authors":"Hailing Zhang, Hongping Zhang, Peng Jin, Kena Yu, Xiaoxue Zi, Xu Liang, HongYang Zhang, Li Zhao","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S483507","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S483507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory airway disease with a range of symptoms that can significantly impact quality of life. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the severity of nasal symptoms and sexual function in AR patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> A case-control study involving 1034 AR patients and 422 healthy controls was conducted. Nasal symptoms were assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores, while sexual function was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) for males and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for females.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In female AR patients, total FSFI scores, as well as scores for subjective arousal, orgasmic function, and intercourse satisfaction, were significantly decreased compared to controls. Nasal obstruction scores were significantly correlated with sexual desire, subjective arousal, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction, and total FSFI scores (<i>r</i>=-0.3176, <i>r</i>=-0.2106, <i>r</i>=-0.6129, <i>r</i>=-0.3430, <i>r</i>=-0.5233). Dysosmia scores also correlated with subjective arousal, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction, and total FSFI scores (<i>r</i>=-0.4331, <i>r</i>=-0.3123, <i>r</i>=-0.5259, <i>r</i>=-0.5436). Overall disease severity correlated significantly with subjective arousal, orgasmic function, intercourse satisfaction and total scores (<i>r</i>=-0.2908, <i>r</i>=-0.3703, <i>r</i>=-0.3739, <i>r</i>=-0.4225). Among male AR patients, lower total IIEF scores were observed, with reductions in erectile function, sexual desire, and overall satisfaction. Nasal obstruction scores were negatively correlated with erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, and total IIEF scores (<i>r</i>=-0.8544, <i>r</i>=-0.3869, <i>r</i>=-0.2772, <i>r</i>=-0.6855). Furthermore, rhinorrhea scores showed significant correlations with overall satisfaction and total IIEF scores (<i>r</i>=-0.3711, <i>r</i>=-0.2680), and dysosmia scores were significantly associated with erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire, and total IIEF scores (<i>r</i>=-0.5048, <i>r</i>= -0.2904, <i>r</i>=-0.5607, <i>r</i>=-0.4733). Overall disease severity correlated significantly with erectile function, orgasmic function, sexual desire and total scores (<i>r</i>=-0.5385, <i>r</i>=-0.2034, <i>r</i>=-0.3257, <i>r</i>=-0.4833).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> This study underscores the negative correlations between nasal symptoms and sexual function in AR patients, suggesting that AR may contribute to sexual dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"219-227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benralizumab Outcomes in Patients with Severe Eosinophilic Asthma Treated in Real-Life Settings: Results of the BREEZE Study in 5 Countries From Central Eastern Europe and Baltics.","authors":"Florin Mihaltan, Zsuzsanna Csoma, Norbert Pauk, Béla Irás, Jūratė Baukienė, Gabriela Teodorescu, Kęstutis Malakauskas, Maria Staevska","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S503048","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S503048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe real-world clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and outcomes of severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) patients initiated on benralizumab after treatment authorization in Central Eastern Europe and Baltic Area.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>BREEZE was a retrospective, medical chart review with a pre-post design conducted in 42 clinical centers from Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania and Romania. Eligibility included diagnosis of SEA and at least one dose of benralizumab administered in real-life settings. Descriptive statistics were used in the full analysis set and key subgroups stratified by blood eosinophils (bEOS) number, maintenance oral corticosteroids (mOCS) use and prior biologics exposure and included calculation of the annualized exacerbation rate (AER) at baseline, and weeks (W) 16 and 48.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 381 patients included, 66% were female with overall mean age 56 ±12 years at benralizumab start. At baseline: median bEOS 580 cells/μL (74% bEOS>400), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) 1660 mL, mOCS use in 25% of patients (10 mg/day prednisone equivalent, 68% >5 mg/day), AER 3.05 (95% CI 2.9-3.2), and poorly controlled asthma (Asthma Control Test [ACT] <16) in 63% of patients. Median duration of exposure to benralizumab was 11.5 (95% CI 7.7-12.3) months, and discontinuation rate was 1.3% (95% CI 0.4%-3.0%). Median bEOS decreased to 0 at W16 and maintained thereafter; FEV₁ increases of +240 mL at W16 and +335 mL at W48 were reported (p <0.001 for both). Overall relative reduction in AER at W16 and W48 was 92% and 93%, respectively, and 82-94% across key subgroups. mOCS dose reduction was 50%, and proportion of patients requiring >5 mg/day decreased constantly (25% at W16, 28% at W48). ACT scores increased from W16 to W56 (p <0.001 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate clinically meaningful benefits of benralizumab across multiple geographies and various subgroups of patients with SEA.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"195-210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Evaluation of Mepolizumab as Add-on Therapy to Standard Care in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis in Colombia.","authors":"Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Ranniery Acuna-Cordero, Carlos E Rodriguez-Martinez","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S502216","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S502216","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mepolizumab, an IL-5 receptor antagonist, is a targeted therapy approved for treating severe eosinophilic persistent asthma. While it offers significant clinical benefits in reducing exacerbations and improving quality of life, its high cost raises concerns about its affordability and overall value in resource-constrained settings. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of adding mepolizumab to standard care (SoC) compared to SoC alone in adolescents and adults with severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma in Colombia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a Markov model with a societal perspective and a lifetime horizon to estimate costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Parameters were derived from local data and existing literature. Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test the model's robustness. Cost-effectiveness was assessed using a willingness-to-pay threshold of US$5,130.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mepolizumab demonstrated an additional 0.31 QALYs per patient compared to standard of care (SoC), with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of US$25,210 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analyses showed that the price of mepolizumab was the key driver of cost-effectiveness. Over a 5-year horizon, adding mepolizumab to SoC would have a significant budgetary impact. These findings highlight the need to balance clinical benefit with affordability in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although mepolizumab improves patients' quality of life, it is not considered cost-effective in Colombia under the conditions of this study. The results provide valuable information for policymakers to consider when refining local clinical practice guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"211-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Allergenic Components in Children with House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Diseases.","authors":"Qiuyan Xu, Yunxia Shang, Xiang Li, Shuangqin Ran, Min Lu, Lei Cheng","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S505471","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S505471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the main characteristics of HDM-induced allergic diseases in children and to explore allergen component-specific sensitization patterns, features, and correlations with clinical symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples were collected from children with HDM-induced allergic diseases. Information on age, sex, and clinical symptoms was recorded. A protein chip method was used to detect specific IgE (sIgE) against HDM components, including <i>Der p</i> 1, <i>Der f</i> 1, <i>Der p</i> 2, <i>Der f</i> 2, <i>Der p</i> 5, <i>Der p</i> 7, <i>Der p</i> 10, <i>Der p</i> 21, and <i>Der p</i> 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>116/120 (96.67%) exhibited positive reactions to HDM components. The highest positive rates were for <i>Der p</i> 1 (95.83%) and <i>Der f</i> 1 (95.83%), followed by <i>Der p</i> 2 (86.67%), <i>Der f</i> 2 (85.83%), and <i>Der p</i> 23 (62.50%). <i>Der p</i> 5, 7, and 23 positivity increased with age. Notably, <i>Der p</i> 23 positivity was higher in the allergic asthma (AA) group than in the non-AA, atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic rhinitis (AR) groups and higher in AR with AA than AR-only. <i>Der p</i> 2 and <i>Der f</i> 2 had higher positive rates in respiratory allergies than in AD alone. The impact of other HDM components on different allergic diseases was minimal. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive correlations between sIgE concentrations for various HDM components, especially between <i>Der p</i> 2 and <i>Der f</i> 2 (r = 0.96, p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Der p</i> 1, <i>Der f</i> 1, <i>Der p</i> 2, <i>Der f</i> 2, and <i>Der f</i> 23 are the major allergens, with <i>Der p</i> 5, 7, and 23 showing age-specific sensitization patterns. <i>Der p</i> 2 and <i>Der f</i> 2 are closely associated with respiratory allergies, whereas <i>Der p</i> 23 is particularly linked to the development of asthma. There is a general positive correlation among the sIgE concentrations of various HDM components.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"183-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of 31 Patients with Chest Pain Variant Asthma.","authors":"Wenping Mao, Yanli Gao, Wanlu Sun, Jie Li, Jing Wang, Zhaomei Wang, Liming Zhang, Kewu Huang","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S494385","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S494385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Asthma is a major public health challenge in China. Although chest pain variant asthma (CPVA) is not common in clinical practice, there are still a few people who only or mainly manifest as chest pain. Here, we aim to introduce the characteristics of their symptoms, lung function and chest imaging features to arouse the attention of physicians to know better of the disease.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed thirty-one patients who had been diagnosed with CPVA based on clinical data and positive bronchial provocation tests (BPTs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of all enrolled patients was forty-seven years, and females accounted for 64.5%. Main features of chest pain manifested as dull pain and mild pain with unfixed location, and several patients were presented with distending pain, pinprick pain, chest pain related to breathing, chest pain position-related and chest pain like angina pectoris. The median duration of their chest pain was four months, and 77.4% of the patients did not find any trigger. Among the 31 patients, 10 were with normal lung function, 14 were with mild obstructive ventilation dysfunction, 6 were with small airway dysfunction and 1 was with mild restrictive ventilation dysfunction. The predicted values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) were greater than 80% in 29 out of 31 patients, and the values of other two patients were 74% and 79%, respectively. Additionally, 35.5% of the patients meanwhile had allergic rhinitis, and 64.5% of the patients exhibited type 2 inflammation. Among the 31 patients, 22 (71.0%) showed abnormalities on inspiratory computed tomography (CT) scans, including bronchiolar (38.7%), bronchial (25.8%) or pulmonary parenchyma abnormalities (32.3%). Only 7 patients (22.6%) had normal inspiratory CT scans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CPVA is relatively rare in clinical practice. Understanding its manifestations, lung function, chest CT features and comorbidities is helpful for diagnosis and evaluation of patients with such symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"173-182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Phenotyping of Obstructive Airway Diseases: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Muwada Bashir Awad Bashir, Gregorio Paolo Milani, Valentina De Cosmi, Alessandra Mazzocchi, Guoqiang Zhang, Rani Basna, Linnea Hedman, Anne Lindberg, Linda Ekerljung, Malin Axelsson, Lowie E G W Vanfleteren, Eva Rönmark, Helena Backman, Hannu Kankaanranta, Bright I Nwaru","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S463572","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S463572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Computational sciences have significantly contributed to characterizing airway disease phenotypes, complementing medical expertise. However, comparing studies that derive phenotypes is challenging due to varying decisions made during phenotyping. We conducted a systematic review to describe studies that utilized unsupervised computational approaches for phenotyping obstructive airway diseases in children and adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for relevant papers published between 2010 and 2020 in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Additional sources included conference proceedings, reference lists, and expert recommendations. Two reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed study quality. Disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. An in-house quality appraisal tool was used. Evidence was synthesized, focusing on populations, variables, and computational approaches used for deriving phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 120 studies included in the review, 60 focused on asthma, 19 on severe asthma, 28 on COPD, 4 on asthma-COPD overlap (ACO), and 9 on rhinitis. Among asthma studies, 31 focused on adults and 9 on children, with phenotypes related to atopy, age at onset, and disease severity. Severe asthma phenotypes were characterized by symptomatology, atopy, and age at onset. COPD phenotypes involved lung function, emphysematous changes, smoking, comorbidities, and daily life impairment. ACO and rhinitis phenotypes were mostly defined by symptoms, lung function, and sensitization, respectively. Most studies used hierarchical clustering, with some employing latent class modeling, mixture models, and factor analysis. The comprehensiveness of variable reporting was the best quality indicator, while reproducibility measures were often lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variations in phenotyping methods, study settings, participant profiles, and variables contribute to significant differences in characterizing asthma, severe asthma, COPD, ACO, and rhinitis phenotypes across studies. Lack of reproducibility measures limits the evaluation of computational phenotyping in airway diseases, underscoring the need for consistent approaches to defining outcomes and selecting variables to ensure reliable phenotyping.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"18 ","pages":"113-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}