Journal of Asthma and Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Persistent Airflow Limitation in Asthma: Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Long-term Outcomes from a Multicenter Cohort Study.","authors":"Jung-Kyu Lee, Hyun-Woo Lee, Chang Hoon Lee, Joon Young Choi, Jong Geol Jang, Chin Kook Rhee, Yong Bum Park, Seong Yong Lim, Kwang Ha Yoo, Deog Kyeom Kim","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S603856","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S603856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistent airflow limitation (PAL) is an increasingly recognized asthma phenotype, but its prevalence, determinants, and prognostic significance in real-world settings remain unclear. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes associated with PAL and its severity in asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter analysis of combined retrospective and prospective cohorts in South Korea. PAL was defined as post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC <0.70; severity was graded by STaging of Airflow obstruction by Ratio classification (STAR stage). Outcomes included subsequent exacerbations and longitudinal lung function change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 849 patients with asthma, 640 (75.4%) had PAL. PAL was associated with older age, male sex, lower body mass index, higher smoking intensity, lower FEV₁, history of tuberculosis, and less frequent allergic rhinitis. Optimal predictors of PAL were FEV₁ ≤83.7% predicted, age ≥63.5 years, and smoking intensity ≥9.5 pack-years. During follow-up, severe exacerbations occurred more frequently in the PAL group (13.0% vs 5.7%) with a 1.8-fold higher incidence (IRR 1.77, 95% CI 1.13-2.79). Risk increased with PAL severity, particularly at STAR stage 4 vs stage 0 (aHR 3.32, 95% CI 1.60-6.89). Longitudinally, annual FEV₁ decline was slower in PAL than in non-PAL (-28.1 vs -42.5 mL/year, <i>P</i> = 0.028), but within PAL, STAR stage 4 showed relatively faster declines in both FEV₁ and FVC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PAL and its severity independently predict the risk of severe exacerbations and progressive lung function decline in asthma, underscoring PAL as a key marker of disease progression and a potential target for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"603856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13360822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chewing Gum on Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Values in Patients with Asthma: A Proof of Concept Study.","authors":"Maria Aetou, Ingmar Bergs, Sitraka Faniry Nantenaina Ratsimba, Jens Spiesshoefer, Michael Dreher","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S606416","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S606416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is an important biomarker that is used to phenotype patients with (severe) asthma. This study evaluated the effect of chewing gum on FeNO values.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients with stable asthma and elevated FeNO (≥25 ppb) were randomised to the control group (no chewing gum) or to chew gum for 15 minutes after a baseline FeNO measurement. A second FeNO measurement was performed 15 minutes after the first. The primary endpoint was the change in FeNO from baseline to 15 minutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients with asthma (15 male, age 52±15 years) were randomised to the control or chewing gum group. Clinical characteristics, medications, laboratory testing and pulmonary function did not differ significantly between the two groups. The change in FeNO from baseline to 15 minutes was -3.3 ppb in the chewing gum group (p=0.02 vs. baseline) and +3.2 ppb in the control group (p=0.003 vs. baseline); the between-group difference for this change (median -13% in the chewing gum group vs. median +7% in the control group) was statistically significant (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed for the first time that chewing gum influences FeNO measurement in patients with asthma. This is clinically relevant because FeNO is an important biomarker for the diagnosis, phenotyping and antibody-based treatment of asthma. Based on our findings, patients should be advised not to chew gum before the measurement of FeNO.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"606416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13340524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Cytology as a Complementary Cellular Window in Severe Asthma Phenotyping: Comments on the BRISA Study [Letter].","authors":"Matteo Gelardi","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S635145","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S635145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"635145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiallergen Immunotherapy for Polysensitized Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yu Shi, Zhouxian Pan, Xinyu Tian, Lisha Li, Kai Guan","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S610465","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S610465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polysensitization occurs in 80% of allergic patients. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) formulations with multiple allergens remain debated for polysensitized patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety profile of multiallergen AIT in polysensitized allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched for polysensitized AR patients treated with multiple allergens in immunotherapy in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library until June 5, 2025.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven randomized clinical trials and 7 nonrandomized studies were included. Multiallergen immunotherapy significantly reduced combined symptom and medication scores versus placebo from baseline (SMD: -3.75, 95% CI (-5.85, -1.65; p < 0.001)). Compared to single-allergen AIT, symptom score changes were no difference (SMD: -0.34, 95% CI -1.21, 0.52; p = 0.44), while medication scores showed slight superiority (SMD: -1.36, 95% CI -2.44, -0.28; p = 0.01). But both scores at the last follow-up were significantly reduced compared with single-allergen treatment (SMD: -1.75, p = 0.01; SMD: -1.30, p = 0.007). Systematic review highlighted superior outcomes with dual-allergen AIT in some studies. The multiallergen group had a safer profile in randomized studies (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35, 0.96, p = 0.03). No significant differences were found in adverse events due to AIT treatment among non-randomized studies (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.64, 1.15, p = 0.3). Multiallergen AIT demonstrated enhanced immune tolerance and modulation of the type 2 immune response similar to single-allergen treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on current evidence, multiallergen AIT demonstrates no significant difference in efficacy, a comparable safety profile, and equivalent immunological modulation compared to single-allergen AIT for the treatment of polysensitized allergic rhinitis. Dual-allergen approaches may optimize benefits in clinically relevant cases, though study heterogeneity necessitates standardized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"610465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Allergic Rhinitis Environmental Control and Treatment in China.","authors":"Li Yu, Peng Zhang, Xiaojuan Shang, Yi Tan, Rui Guan, Lulu Lin, Wei Lin, Kuiji Wang, Luquan Chen","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S571410","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S571410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) regarding environmental control and treatment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to October 2024 at Beijing Tongren Hospital involving patients with AR. Data collection and KAP score assessments were performed using a valid, self-designed questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to assess relationships among KAP dimensions and demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 393 valid questionnaires were included, with 206 participants (52.42%) identified as female and 168 (42.75%) diagnosed with AR for over five years. The mean ± SD scores for knowledge, attitude, and practice were 12.06 ± 4.19 (range: 0-20), 28.62 ± 4.30 (range: 9-45), and 33.14 ± 6.15 (range: 10-50), indicating insufficient knowledge and moderate attitude and practice. Knowledge was positively correlated with attitude (r = 0.277, P < 0.001) and practice (r = 0.527, P < 0.001), and attitude was positively correlated with practice (r = 0.283, P < 0.001). SEM indicated that employment status and marital status were significantly associated with KAP scores. Smoking habits and family history showed direct negative associations with knowledge, attitude, and practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with AR show insufficient knowledge, along with moderate attitudes and practices toward environmental control and treatment. To improve AR management, healthcare providers should implement educational interventions that address knowledge deficits and foster positive attitudes and practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"571410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Montelukast Prescription Prevalence and Impact on Clinical Outcomes Among Patients with Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Abdullah A Alqarni, Abdulelah M Aldhahir, Rayan A Siraj, Jaber S Alqahtani, Rose M Alghamdi, Thuraya A Baqais, Norah A Najrani, Asma Z Albarqi, Ahmed H Alasimi, Hassan Alwafi","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S607631","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S607631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although montelukast is widely prescribed as an add-on therapy for asthma management, the current rate of montelukast prescription and its association with clinical outcomes among asthmatic patients in Saudi Arabia are unknown. In addition, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has recently issued a warning regarding potential serious neuropsychiatric adverse effects associated with montelukast use. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of montelukast prescription and its impact on clinical outcomes among asthmatic patients in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among asthmatic patients attending a pulmonary clinic. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from medical records, while anxiety, depression, inhaler adherence, asthma control, and quality of life were assessed using validated questionnaires. Group differences were analyzed using independent <i>t</i>-tests and chi-square tests. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with montelukast use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 213 patients with asthma were included in the study; 103 were using montelukast, and 110 were not. The prevalence of montelukast prescription was 48%. Anxiety symptoms were higher among montelukast users compared with non-users (44.6% vs 15.5%), as were depressive symptoms (33.0% vs 11.0%). Montelukast use was significantly associated with increased odds of anxiety symptoms (aOR 4.1, 95% CI 2.01-8.45; P < 0.0001) and depressive symptoms (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 1.92-9.86; P < 0.0001). However, adherence to inhalers, asthma control, and quality of life were not significantly associated with montelukast use.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Montelukast prescription was common among asthmatic patients in Saudi Arabia and was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Clinicians should consider monitoring psychological symptoms in patients receiving montelukast, and prospective longitudinal studies are needed to further evaluate its psychiatric safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"607631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Nomogram for Predicting Early Response to Biologics in Pediatric Allergic Asthma with Comorbid Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Lixin Wang, Zhaopeng Kang, Jun Ma, Chuanxi Wang, Wanjin Jiang, Jingjiang Huang, Shaofeng Liu","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S604654","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S604654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coexistence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma poses a significant burden on pediatric health. While biologics targeting type 2 inflammation have revolutionized treatment, individual responses vary significantly. There is a lack of practical tools to predict early therapeutic response before initiation. This study aimed to identify key baseline predictors and construct a nomogram to personalize the prediction of early response to biologics in children with AR and allergic asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> This retrospective cohort study included 246 children (recruited between January 2021 and August 2025) diagnosed with moderate-to-severe allergic AR and allergic asthma who received biologic therapy (Omalizumab or Dupilumab). Early response was assessed at 16 weeks based on a composite outcome involving the Asthma Control Test (ACT), visual analog scale (VAS) for nasal symptoms, and exacerbation history. Independent predictors were identified using LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis to build a nomogram. The model's performance was evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Of the 246 patients, 164 (66.7%) were classified as early responders. Multivariate analysis identified baseline fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood eosinophil count (EOS), total IgE levels, comorbidity of atopic dermatitis (AD), and Body Mass Index (BMI) as independent predictors. The developed nomogram demonstrated good discrimination with a C-index of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93) in the training cohort and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92) in the validation cohort. Calibration curves showed excellent agreement between predicted and observed probabilities. DCA indicated significant clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> We successfully developed a novel nomogram incorporating baseline type 2 inflammatory endotypes and AD comorbidity to predict early response to biologics in pediatric patients with allergic asthma and comorbid AR. This tool offers clinicians a practical method to screen potential \"super-responders\", thereby optimizing therapeutic decision-making and resource allocation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"604654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of an <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Skin Prick Test Extract for Diagnosing Sensitization.","authors":"Xin Li, Jianqing Gu, Ruiqi Wang, Lianglu Wang, Hong Li, Jinlyu Sun, Yuxiang Zhi, Kai Guan, Liping Wen, Zixi Wang, Lisha Li, Rui Tang, Le Cui, Yingyang Xu, Tao Xu, Jia Yin","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S617276","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S617276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Alternaria alternata</i> is a major fungal allergen, yet standardized skin prick test (SPT) extracts are lacking in China, hindering the use of this simple, first-line diagnostic tool.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to clinically evaluate a novel, domestically developed <i>A. alternata</i> extract for SPT and establish a diagnostic cutoff in a Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this prospective, single-center study, 910 patients with allergic diseases were consecutively enrolled. All underwent SPT with the in-house <i>A. alternata</i> extract (Alt a 1: 25.7-34.8 µg/mL). Serum-specific IgE (sIgE) (ImmunoCAP™) served as the reference standard. Diagnostic accuracy was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The per-protocol set included 610 subjects. The area under the ROC curve was 0.868 (95% CI: 0.839-0.897). The optimal diagnostic cutoff was a mean wheal diameter of 3.25 mm, yielding a sensitivity of 81.10% (95% CI: 76.76%-85.24%) and specificity of 79.32% (95% CI: 74.46%-84.18%). To achieve 95% specificity, the cutoff increased to 4.25 mm. No adverse events were reported among all 910 participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel <i>A. alternata</i> SPT extract demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for detecting <i>Alternaria alternata</i> sensitization and an excellent safety profile. The established cutoff of 3.25 mm provides a population-optimized threshold for identifying sensitized individuals in China. This study addresses a critical gap in allergen standardization and supports the use of SPT as a reliable first-line tool for assessing fungal sensitization in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR ChiCTR1800014899. Registered 13 February 2018 (retrospectively registered).</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"617276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal Muscle Mass and Visceral Fat are Independently Associated with Poorly Controlled Asthma in Children with Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Zhiyuan Wang, Junlin Zhao, Yanan Wang, Qianqian Dai, Shengmeng Qu, Liang Ru","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S600914","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S600914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The role of body composition-particularly skeletal muscle mass and visceral fat-in asthma control among children with obesity remains unclear. We compared body composition between children with obesity with and without asthma and examined associations with asthma control.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We enrolled 191 children with obesity aged 6-14 years (85 with asthma, 106 without). Skeletal muscle mass (SMM)-to-body weight (WT) ratio and visceral fat area (VFA) were measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Poorly controlled asthma was defined using validated cut-points: Childhood Asthma Control Test ≤12 (ages 4-11) and Asthma Control Test ≤15 (ages ≥12). Variables were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression; the model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration, and decision-curve analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obese-asthma group had lower SMM/WT than the simple-obesity group (30.17% vs 31.51%, P<0.001); VFA did not differ significantly (P=0.051). Among children with obese-asthma, the poorly controlled group showed lower SMM/WT (P=0.002) and higher VFA (P=0.011). In multivariable analysis, SMM/WT (OR=0.664 per 1%, 95% CI 0.497-0.889, P=0.006), VFA (OR=1.014 per 1 cm², 95% CI 1.001-1.028, P=0.034), maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) percent predicted (OR=1.073, 95% CI 1.007-1.143, P=0.029), and extracellular water to total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) (OR=1.719 per 0.01, 95% CI 1.000-2.956, P=0.050) were independently associated with poorly controlled asthma. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.807 (95% CI 0.709-0.905; sensitivity 76.9%, specificity 75.8%; mean absolute error 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower SMM/WT, higher VFA, higher MMEF percent predicted, and higher ECW/TBW were independently associated with poorly controlled asthma in children with obesity. The four-variable model showed good discrimination (AUC=0.807). These exploratory associations require prospective validation before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"600914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic-Associated Sensitization Patterns and Burden in Chinese Children with Allergic Rhinitis: A Retrospective Phase-Stratified Study.","authors":"Longli Huang, Xinfeng Zhao, Jun Zhou, Zexuan Ji","doi":"10.2147/JAA.S610767","DOIUrl":"10.2147/JAA.S610767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions may have altered children's indoor, outdoor, and dietary exposures. However, phase-specific data on allergen sensitization patterns in pediatric allergic rhinitis (AR) remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess phase-specific changes in serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) sensitization patterns, intensity, co-sensitization, and burden in children with AR in Eastern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 12,702 children aged 0-18 years with clinically diagnosed AR who underwent sIgE testing for 19 inhalant and food allergens in Eastern China from 2018 to 2024. Sensitization was compared across pre-pandemic (2018-2019), lockdown (2020-2022), and post-lockdown (2023-2024) phases using Pearson's <i>χ²</i> -test or Fisher's exact test and multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age group, sex, and season. Strong sensitization was defined as sIgE ≥3.51 IU/mL, and co-sensitization as concurrent sensitization to both allergens in a pair.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the pre-pandemic phase, the lockdown and post-lockdown phases showed divergent sensitization trajectories, with higher sensitization to several inhalant allergens and lower sensitization to selected food allergens, although selected seafood allergens increased in later phases. Post-lockdown, adjusted analyses showed higher odds for selected indoor, outdoor, and seafood allergens, while other allergens remained stable or showed non-monotonic patterns. Strong-positive responses, selected co-sensitization patterns, and ≥4 sensitizations were also more common post-lockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Across the pre-pandemic, lockdown, and post-lockdown periods, children with AR showed divergent trajectories of inhalant and food allergen sensitization, as well as greater post-lockdown sensitization intensity and complexity. These findings reflect phase-specific associations rather than direct causal effects of the pandemic. They may help inform post-pandemic risk stratification in pediatric AR, with greater attention to inhalant allergen control and more cautious interpretation of food sIgE positivity in clinical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":15079,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asthma and Allergy","volume":"19 ","pages":"610767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13330756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148390841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}