Journal of Biology最新文献_第8页

Generalized immune activation as a direct result of activated CD4+ T cell killing. 作为CD4+ T细胞杀伤激活的直接结果的全身免疫激活。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol194

Rute Marques, Adam Williams, Urszula Eksmond, Andy Wullaert, Nigel Killeen, Manolis Pasparakis, Dimitris Kioussis, George Kassiotis

{"title":"Generalized immune activation as a direct result of activated CD4+ T cell killing.","authors":"Rute Marques, Adam Williams, Urszula Eksmond, Andy Wullaert, Nigel Killeen, Manolis Pasparakis, Dimitris Kioussis, George Kassiotis","doi":"10.1186/jbiol194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/jbiol194","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In addition to progressive CD4(+) T cell immune deficiency, HIV infection is characterized by generalized immune activation, thought to arise from increased microbial exposure resulting from diminishing immunity.Results: Here we report that, in a virus-free mouse model, conditional ablation of activated CD4(+) T cells, the targets of immunodeficiency viruses, accelerates their turnover and produces CD4(+) T cell immune deficiency. More importantly, activated CD4(+) T cell killing also results in generalized immune activation, which is attributable to regulatory CD4(+) T cell insufficiency and preventable by regulatory CD4(+) T cell reconstitution. Immune activation in this model develops independently of microbial exposure. Furthermore, microbial translocation in mice with conditional disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity affects myeloid but not T cell homeostasis.Conclusions: Although neither ablation of activated CD4(+) T cells nor disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity in mice fully reproduces every aspect of HIV-associated immune dysfunction in humans, ablation of activated CD4(+) T cells, but not disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity, approximates the two key immune alterations in HIV infection: CD4(+) T cell immune deficiency and generalized immune activation. We therefore propose activated CD4(+) T cell killing as a common etiology for both immune deficiency and activation in HIV infection.","PeriodicalId":15075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology","volume":"8 10","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/jbiol194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28533118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Parasite immunomodulation and polymorphisms of the immune system. 寄生虫免疫调节和免疫系统的多态性。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-08-05 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol166

Rick M Maizels

引用次数: 81

The gene complement of the ancestral bilaterian - was Urbilateria a monster? 祖先双侧龙的基因补充——双侧龙是怪物吗?

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol192

David J Miller, Eldon E Ball

引用次数: 13

Life and death as a T lymphocyte: from immune protection to HIV pathogenesis. 作为T淋巴细胞的生与死:从免疫保护到HIV发病机制。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol198

Nienke Vrisekoop, Judith N Mandl, Ronald N Germain

引用次数: 11

Coordinated gene expression by post-transcriptional regulons in African trypanosomes. 非洲锥虫转录后调控的协调基因表达。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-12-14 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol203

Marc Ouellette, Barbara Papadopoulou

引用次数: 59

Sperm dumping as a defense against meiotic drive. 精子倾倒作为对减数分裂驱动的防御。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-01-20 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol109

Tom Price, Zenobia Lewis, Nina Wedell

引用次数: 7

Happy together: genomic insights into the unique Nanoarchaeum/Ignicoccus association. 快乐在一起:对独特的纳米古菌/火苗球菌关联的基因组见解。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-01-23 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol110

Patrick Forterre, Simonetta Gribaldo, Céline Brochier-Armanet

引用次数: 24

Genome degeneration affects both extracellular and intracellular bacterial endosymbionts. 基因组退化影响细胞外和细胞内细菌的内共生体。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-04-06 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol129

Heike Feldhaar, Roy Gross

引用次数: 8

Reconstructing prokaryotic transcriptional regulatory networks: lessons from actinobacteria. 重建原核生物转录调控网络:来自放线菌的教训。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-04-15 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol132

Thiago M Venancio, L Aravind

引用次数: 20

Conservation of core gene expression in vertebrate tissues. 脊椎动物组织中核心基因表达的一致性。

Journal of Biology Pub Date : 2009-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-04-16 DOI: 10.1186/jbiol130

Esther T Chan, Gerald T Quon, Gordon Chua, Tomas Babak, Miles Trochesset, Ralph A Zirngibl, Jane Aubin, Michael J H Ratcliffe, Andrew Wilde, Michael Brudno, Quaid D Morris, Timothy R Hughes

{"title":"Conservation of core gene expression in vertebrate tissues.","authors":"Esther T Chan, Gerald T Quon, Gordon Chua, Tomas Babak, Miles Trochesset, Ralph A Zirngibl, Jane Aubin, Michael J H Ratcliffe, Andrew Wilde, Michael Brudno, Quaid D Morris, Timothy R Hughes","doi":"10.1186/jbiol130","DOIUrl":"10.1186/jbiol130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vertebrates share the same general body plan and organs, possess related sets of genes, and rely on similar physiological mechanisms, yet show great diversity in morphology, habitat and behavior. Alteration of gene regulation is thought to be a major mechanism in phenotypic variation and evolution, but relatively little is known about the broad patterns of conservation in gene expression in non-mammalian vertebrates.Results: We measured expression of all known and predicted genes across twenty tissues in chicken, frog and pufferfish. By combining the results with human and mouse data and considering only ten common tissues, we have found evidence of conserved expression for more than a third of unique orthologous genes. We find that, on average, transcription factor gene expression is neither more nor less conserved than that of other genes. Strikingly, conservation of expression correlates poorly with the amount of conserved nonexonic sequence, even using a sequence alignment technique that accounts for non-collinearity in conserved elements. Many genes show conserved human/fish expression despite having almost no nonexonic conserved primary sequence.Conclusions: There are clearly strong evolutionary constraints on tissue-specific gene expression. A major challenge will be to understand the precise mechanisms by which many gene expression patterns remain similar despite extensive cis-regulatory restructuring.","PeriodicalId":15075,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology","volume":"8 3","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28113335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0