Journal of Cell Science and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Amniotic Derived Stem Cells: Role and Function in Regenerative Medicine","authors":"Andrew Larson, V. Gallicchio","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000269","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cells are undifferentiated biological cells that have the ability to differentiate into any specialized cells capable of cell division through mitosis. Amniotic stem cells (ASCs) are collectively a mixture of stem cells that can be obtained from amniotic fluid and tissue. Amniotic fluid is commonly called a pregnant woman’s water. It is the protective liquid contained within the amniotic sac that lubricates the embryo or fetus that is generated by the maternal blood plasma, which is the liquid component that contains all of the blood derived cells in suspension. The amniotic fluid is absorbed through the fetal tissue and skin until the 20-25th week of pregnancy when the fetal skin begins to keratinize. This coincides with the fetal gut and its capacity to perform amniotic absorption.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116070136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Inflammation-Mediated Cardiac Injury","authors":"E. Howerton, S. Tarzami","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000268","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental evidence is accumulating implicating a major role for inflammatory activation in chronic heart failure. Levels of pro-inflammatory protein mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a pro inflammatory cytokine, have been shown to be elevated in heart failure patients and appear to be directly related to pathological changes in the myocardium. Unfortunately, outcomes from clinical trials using anti-cytokine therapies to chronic heart failure patients have been largely disappointing. TNF-α is a pleiotropic cytokine, impacting tissues in a complex manner that regulates many physiological and pathological processes that can trigger differentiation, inflammation, and cell death. TNF-α is important in initiating and regulating the cytokine cascade during an inflammatory response. Most of the studies focused on the TNF-α as an immune mediator but its function in cardiac cells is not well defined. This review focuses on the role of TNF-α in acute and/or chronic cardiac conditions. We will discuss the problem with the current anti-cytokine therapies and potential problems underlying their lack of success so far.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126277824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy Trials and Progress of HIV Vaccines","authors":"Daud Faran Asif, M. Irshad","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000265","url":null,"abstract":"Discovery of HIV as causative agent of AIDS let to the belief that a vaccine for AIDS will be available shortly but was not that easy, and it took more than 30 years of hard laboratory and clinical work toward HIV vaccine development. Efficacy trials of RV144 and their results revealed that HIV vaccine is accomplishable. Clinical trials for developing bNAbs has monoclonal antibodies and to increase its half-life are also underway to achieve a proper HIV vaccine. In this review article, we see that how these efficacy trials are highlighting HIV vaccine concepts in clinical development. Therapeutic vaccines are proving to be a functional cure toward HIV treatment and progress is ongoing in such HIV vaccine development which will attack HIV before it fuses with cell and cause infection thus preventing AIDS. So, in near future it will be possible to cure HIV and bring an end to this epidemic.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124735577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Role of Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles in an In VitroModel of Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Injury","authors":"Chiara Gai, Yonathan Gomez, C. Tetta, M. Brizzi, G. Camussi","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000264","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adipose and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells are two populations of multipotent adult stem cells with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties. It has been previously described that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells possess pro-regenerative and pro-angiogenic abilities. Hyperglycemia is a pathological condition affecting diabetic patients. Long term effects of hyperglycemia are endothelial dysfunction and vascular lesions leading to diabetic microangiopathy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether stem cell-derived EVs may inhibit endothelial cells dysfunction induced by hyperglycemia to mimic human microangiopathy. \u0000Methods: We set up an in vitro hyperglycemic model by culturing human microvascular endothelial cells in hyperglycemic constant or intermittent conditions for 7 days, in order to mimic a chronic damage. At day 5, endothelial cells were incubated with adipose and mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs or vehicle alone for 48 hr. At day 7, we evaluated apoptosis, oxidative stress, and capillary-like formation ability on Matrigel. \u0000Results: Intermittent and constant high glucose models significantly decreased endothelial cell proliferation, increased number of apoptotic cells, promoted oxidation of intercellular proteins, and reduced capillary-like structure formation. Treatment with both kinds of EVs significantly restored proliferation, inhibited apoptosis and oxidation, and restored capillary-like formation. \u0000Conclusions: The results of the present study demonstrate that adipose and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs may inhibit the endothelial dysfunction induced by high glucose concentration, which mimic diabetic microvascular injury.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115686918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem cell technology for the treatment of diabetes","authors":"N. Zeeshan, M. Naveed, Daud Faran Asif, Aqeel Ahsan, M. Abrar, Saad Ghafoor","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000263","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is the disease that is most common throughout the world. In this disease, there is high level of glucose \u0000 due to the low production of insulin. Due to the limited number of donor for pancreas, stem cells technology has \u0000 been used to produce insulin producing pancreatic cells. This article describes different ways of producing the \u0000 pancreatic islets using different stem cells. By using these different stem cell technologies there was the production \u0000 of insulin but the Beta cells that were produce from human fetal pancreatic stem cells gave the good results. In \u0000 future, it could be possible that there will be the excellent cure for the diabetes using these stem cells technologies. \u0000These technologies will help us to fully eradicate the diabetes from the roots.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115180870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and Liver an Association: Hepatogenous Diabetes Mechanism andSome Evidences","authors":"Ajita Acharya, Eden Wudneh, R. Krishnan, A. Ashraf, Hassaan Tohid","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000257","url":null,"abstract":"A literature search was conducted in different databases to study the topic of liver problems and diabetes. The aim of the study was to explore more about an association of diabetes mellitus with the liver. The study shows that diabetes does indeed have an effect on liver. Similarly, liver problems like chronic liver disease lead to diabetes which is known as hepatogenous diabetes. Common liver problems seen in diabetes patients include but not limited to fatty liver, decreased glycogen levels, risk of liver cancer etc. Like any medical problem, any knowledge about any subject is never enough, therefore we recommend more studies in the near future to broaden our understanding about the association of the liver with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133272807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyspnea, Fatigue, and Generalized Weakness in a 67-Year-Old Man:Approach to the Patient Between Guidelines and Clinical Judgment","authors":"Antonio Giovanni Solim, A. Argentiero, P. Kraus, A. Ruckdeschel, C. Covelli, A. Vacca, H. Einsele","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000258","url":null,"abstract":"Mucormycosis are an emerging group of life-threatening fungal infections caused by filamentous fungi of the Mucorales family. Mucormycosis are most common in stem-cell transplant recipients and patients with underlying hematologic malignancies, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, trauma, neutropenia, corticosteroid and deferoxamine therapy due to deficiency of phagocytic function, elevated serum levels of available iron and host-pathogen interaction. The fungi penetrate blood vessels causing endothelial damage and extensive angioinvasion with infarction, necrosis, and thrombosis of different tissues. Mucormycosis carries a very high mortality in cases of pulmonary disease, with even higher rates when there is difficulty establishing the diagnosis. We present a case of 67-year-old man with pulmonary form of mucormycosis presenting as opportunistic infection post induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia FAB M2. We treated the patient with intravenous amphotericin B for 4 weeks and endobronchial resection, after which he clinically and radiographically improved. Overall, early consideration of mucormycosis can lead to an earlier diagnosis, medical and surgical therapy, and an increased survival rate. Furthermore, we provide a real example of multiple thinking strategies, needed for a patient oriented clinical practice. Overall, this case is a challenging example between clinical judgment and available validated guidelines.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127306769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canola Substitution in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Diets","authors":"M. Mohammadi, H. Sarsangi, N. Mashaei, F. Rajabipour, A. Bitarat, M. Hafeziyeh","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000256","url":null,"abstract":"Global development in the manufacture of aquatic food make the researchers to find out some suitable substitution for fish and soybean meal to reduce the price especially in omnivorous and herbivorous fish like tilapia. Canola as an oil seed plant protein source can be a good candidate. To examine this, five iso-caloric experimental diets (gross energy, 4.61 Kcal/g) were formulated to contain graded levels of 0 (control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% canola meal replaced with soybean and fish meal. The results showed that there was a significant negative effect on growth performances by canola enhancement for feed and protein intake reduction because of bitter taste of some anti-nutrients. But, the indices of feed and protein performances such as FCR, PER, PCE did not exhibit any significant difference until 50% replacement. So, it could be predicted that if the problem of palatability discard, canola replacement can be happen until 50% for growing Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116129961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem Cells and Cancer","authors":"D. Kong, Yiwei Li, Aamir Ahmad, B. Bao, A. Azmi, F. Sarkar","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-7876-8_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7876-8_16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130353451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 72 Enters Early Endosomes Preparatory to CellRelease","authors":"P. Kaur, Alexz, er Asea","doi":"10.4172/2157-7013.1000253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7013.1000253","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To establish the mechanism by which hyperthermia induces the release of Hsp72 in tumor specific peptides for delivery to antigen presenting cells (APC). \u0000Materials and methods: 4T1 scrb-shRNAGFP and Hsp72-shRNAGFP cells were injected into the breast pad of a female BALB/c mouse for temperature kinetics of mice exposed to HT using circulating water bath set and nanoshellmediated hyperthermia. Baseline and heat-induced intracellular Hsp72 expression was measured by immunoblotting with anti-Hsp72. Four hours post hyperthermia (HT) treatment Hsp72 colocalization was determined using inhibitors and exosomes were recovered from the supernatant and Hsp72 levels were measured. Tumor size was measured after hyperthermia. \u0000Results: In this study, we show that the released Hsp72 is found in two forms: 1) within highly immunologicallyactive exosomes, known to be enriched in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II complexes, costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86) and specifically members of the HSP70 family (including Hsp72, Hsp73, Hsp75, Grp78) and HSP90 family (including Hsp82, Hsp90, Grp96, Grp98) and, 2) as Hsp72-PC, in which free Hsp72 is chaperoning tumor specific peptides. Further, we show that exposure of 4T1-bearing tumors to hyperthermia (41°C, 60 min) induces significant tumor regression (p<0.05) as compared to 4T1-bearing mice maintained at ambient temperature (25°C, 60 min) tumor. However, repeated injection of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with anti-Hsp72 antibody, abrogated hyperthermia-induced tumor regression. Blood samples taken at various times confirmed that the blocking antibody significantly reduced plasma Hsp72 levels. \u0000Conclusions: Our results suggested that hyperthermia stimulated tumor regression, in part, by stimulating the release of Hsp72 from tumors which is taken up by APC preparatory to activating CD8+ CTL cytotoxic responses against tumors. Since HSP are found in all cellular organisms, it is likely be applicable to the prevention/treatment of diseases of agriculturally relevant animals. It is expected to contribute to the broader understanding of intracellular trafficking pathways as an approach to therapy.","PeriodicalId":150547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cell Science and Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131746993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}